Chemistry:Scoulerine
From HandWiki
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| IUPAC name
3,10-Dimethoxyberbine-2,9-diol
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| Systematic IUPAC name
(13aS)-3,10-Dimethoxy-5,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-6H-isoquinolino[3,2-a]isoquinoline-2,9-diol | |
| Other names
(S)-Scoulerin; Discretamine; Aequaline
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3D model (JSmol)
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PubChem CID
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| Properties | |
| C19H21NO4 | |
| Molar mass | 327.380 g·mol−1 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
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| Infobox references | |
Scoulerine, also known as discretamine and aequaline, is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (BIA) that is derived directly from (S)-reticuline through the action of berberine bridge enzyme. It is a precursor of other BIAs, notably berberine, noscapine, (S)-tetrahydropalmatine, and (S)-stylopine, as well as the alkaloids protopine, and sanguinarine.[1] It is found in many plants, including opium poppy,[2] Croton flavens,[3] and certain plants in the genus Erythrina.[4]
Studies show that scoulerine is an antagonist in vitro at the α2-adrenoceptor, α1D-adrenoceptor and 5-HT receptor.[5][6] It has also been found to be a GABAA receptor agonist in vitro.[3][7]
References
- ↑ Hagel, Jillian M; Morris, Jeremy S; Lee, Eun-Jeong; Desgagne-Penx, Isabel; Bross, Crystal D; Chang, Limei; Chen, Xue; Farrow, Scott C et al. (2015). "Transcriptome analysis of 20 taxonomically related benzylisoquinoline alkaloid-producing plants". BMC Plant Biology 15: 227. doi:10.1186/s12870-015-0596-0. PMID 26384972. PMC 4575454. http://openlib.tugraz.at/download.php?id=564f2fa60a35b&location=browse.
- ↑ Frick S; Chitty JA; Kramell R; Schmidt J; Allen RS; Larkin PJ; Kutchan TM (2004). "Transformation of opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) with antisense berberine bridge enzyme gene (anti-bbe) via somatic embryogenesis results in an altered ratio of alkaloids in latex but not in roots". Transgenic Res. 13 (6): 607–613. doi:10.1007/s11248-004-2892-6. PMID 15672841.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Eisenreich WJ; Hofner G; Bracher F (2003). "Alkaloids from Croton flavens L. and their affinities to GABA-receptors". Nat Prod Res 17 (6): 437–440. doi:10.1080/1478641031000111516. PMID 14577695.
- ↑ Ito K (1999). "Studies on the alkaloids of Erythrina plants". Yakugaku Zasshi 119 (5): 340–356. doi:10.1248/yakushi1947.119.5_340. PMID 10375996.
- ↑ Ko FN; Yu SM; Su MJ; Wu YC; Teng CM (1993). "Pharmacological activity of (−)-discretamine, a novel vascular α-adrenoceptor and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist, isolated from Fissistigma glaucescens". Br J Pharmacol 110 (2): 882–888. doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13895.x. PMID 7902181.
- ↑ Ko FN; Guh JH; Yu SM; Hou YS; Wu YC; Teng CM (1994). "(−)-Discretamine, a selective α1D-adrenoceptor antagonist, isolated from Fissistigma glaucescens". Br J Pharmacol 112 (4): 1174–1180. doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1994.tb13207.x. PMID 7952879.
- ↑ Halbsguth C; Meissner O; Haberlein H (2003). "Positive cooperation of protoberberine type 2 alkaloids from Corydalis cava on the GABA(A) binding site". Planta Med. 69 (4): 305–309. doi:10.1055/s-2003-38869. PMID 12709895.
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