Chemistry:Sodium acetrizoate
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| Formula | C9H5I3NNaO3 |
| Molar mass | 578.846 g·mol−1 |
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Sodium acetrizoate (rINN, trade names Urokon, Triurol and Salpix), the sodium salt of acetrizoic acid, is a high-osmolality, water-soluble, iodine-based radiographic contrast medium no longer in clinical use.[1]
Acetrizoate was developed by V.H. Wallingford of Mallinckrodt, and introduced in 1950;[2] it was employed as a contrast agent for several radiographic studies, including pyelography,[3][4] angiography of the brain, carotid arteries and the aorta,[5][6] and cholecystography.[7][8] It was soon found to be highly toxic to the kidneys and nervous system—work urging caution in its administration was published as early as 1959,[9] after reports of adverse reactions ranging from hypersensitivity to brain damage—and was eventually replaced by other agents with higher efficacy and lower toxicity, such as sodium diatrizoate, a closely related compound.[2]
References
- ↑ "Acetrizoate sodium". Online Medical Dictionary. University of Newcastle upon Tyne. March 5, 2000. http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?acetrizoate+sodium. Retrieved 2007-11-14.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 McClennan BL (1990). "Preston M. Hickey memorial lecture. Ionic and nonionic iodinated contrast media: evolution and strategies for use". AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology 155 (2): 225–33. doi:10.2214/ajr.155.2.2115244. PMID 2115244.
- ↑ "Preliminary report on urokon, a new excretory pyelographic medium". J Urol 63 (6): 1109–12. 1950. PMID 15422724.
- ↑ "A comparative clinical trial of urographic media: renografin, hypaque, and urokon". Radiology 66 (6): 871–3. 1956. doi:10.1148/66.6.871. PMID 13323329.
- ↑ "Report of one hundred carotid angiograms taken with the new contrast medium acetrizoate (urokon) on Chamberlain's biplane stereoscopic angiographic unit". AMA Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry 69 (5): 651–2. 1953. PMID 13039633.
- ↑ "Cerebral arteriography with sodium acetrizoate (urokon sodium) 30%". AMA Archives of Surgery 67 (5): 741–5. 1953. doi:10.1001/archsurg.1953.01260040752012. PMID 13103941.
- ↑ ORLOFF TL (1955). "Intravenous cholecystography with a new medium; experience with sodium acetrizoate (urokon sodium) seventy per cent". AMA Archives of Surgery 71 (4): 620–2. doi:10.1001/archsurg.1955.01270160146019. PMID 13258064.
- ↑ "Gallbladder visualization following the use of 70 per cent sodium acetrizoate (urokon sodium) for intravenous pyelography". Radiology 69 (4): 576–7. 1957. doi:10.1148/69.4.576. PMID 13485425.
- ↑ "A plea for caution in the use of sodium acetrizoate (urokon) for aortography". Ann Surg 150 (1): 172. 1959. doi:10.1097/00000658-195907000-00022. PMID 13661846.
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