Earth:Chivela Pass

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Short description: Narrow mountain pass in the Sierra Madre Mountains
Chivela Pass
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Elevation224 m (735 ft)[1]
Traversed byMexican Federal Highway 185
Tren Interoceánico
LocationIstmo de Tehuantepec, Asunción Ixtaltepec, Oaxaca, Mexico
RangeSierra Madre de Oaxaca
Coordinates [ ⚑ ] : 16°43′26″N 94°59′49″W / 16.724°N 94.997°W / 16.724; -94.997
Chivela Pass is located in Mexico
Chivela Pass
Chivela Pass is located in Oaxaca
Chivela Pass

The Chivela Pass is a narrow mountain pass in the Sierra Madre Mountains that funnels cooler, drier air from the North American continent, through southern Mexico, into the Pacific. These northeasterly winds, specifically the Tehuano wind, which periodically blows across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec in southern Mexico, and offshore over hundreds of miles of the Pacific Ocean, forcing the upwelling of colder subsurface waters. This strong upwelling brings nutrients from the subsurface layers of the ocean, thereby enhancing the fertility of the offshore waters. This results in strong plankton growth which in turn supports a more bountiful fishery in the region.

In extreme circumstances during the winter, truly cold, dense, air occasionally flows from the Bay of Campeche in the Gulf of Mexico through the Chivela Pass into the Gulf of Tehuantepec on the Pacific side. These winds can be strong enough to sandblast paint off ships in near-coastal waters.[2]

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