Earth:Escucha Formation

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Escucha Formation
Stratigraphic range: Late Aptian-mid Albian
~117–103 Ma
View of Escucha and surrounding rocks
TypeGeological formation
Sub-unitsE1 to E3
UnderliesUtrillas Formation
OverliesCastrillo de la Reina, Benassal and Oliete Formations
Thickness~70 m (230 ft)
Lithology
PrimarySiltstone, mudstone (E1, E3) sandstone (E2)
OtherCoal (E1) siltstone (E2), amber
Location
Coordinates [ ⚑ ] : 42°36′N 2°42′W / 42.6°N 2.7°W / 42.6; -2.7
Paleocoordinates [ ⚑ ] 30°24′N 1°24′E / 30.4°N 1.4°E / 30.4; 1.4
RegionTeruel, Aragón
La Rioja
CountrySpain
ExtentCameros, Maestrazgo and Oliete Basins
Type section
Named forEscucha, Teruel
Escucha Formation is located in Spain
Escucha Formation
Escucha Formation
Escucha Formation (Spain)

The Escucha Formation is a geological formation in La Rioja and Teruel provinces of northeastern Spain whose strata date back to the late Aptian to middle Albian stages of the Early Cretaceous. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.[1]

The approximately 70 m (230 ft) thick formation underlies the Utrillas Formation and overlies Castrillo de la Reina, Benassal & Oliete Formations. The Escucha Formation comprises siltstones, mudstones, sandstones, coal, siltstones and amber, in which diverse fossil insects were found. The formation was deposited in a variety of continental to paralic (deltaic) environments.[2]

Depositional Environment

The Escucha Formation represents syn-rift depositional environment, deposited in siliciclastic carbonate platforms, coastal siliciclastic environments and other offshore settings. In the basal part of the formation, cobble to boulder-sized dropstones of glacial origin have been identified, representing long-distance iceberg rafting from Arctic sources.[3]

Fossil content

The Escucha Formation has provided the following fossils, among others:[4]

Dinosaurs

Dinosaurs of the Escucha Formation
Genus Species Region Member Material Notes Image
Proa P. valdearinnoensis[5] Santa Maria Mine Lower Sedimentary Succession Member Three partial skeletons and several skull elements from different individuals Hadrosauriform ornithopod
Europelta E. carbonensis[6] Santa Maria Mine Lower Sedimentary Succession Member Two partial skeletons Struthiosaurine ankylosaur
Allosauroidea indet. indeterminate[7] Santa Maria Mine Lower Sedimentary Succession Member Tooth
Titanosauriformes indet.[8] indeterminate Partial unla

Pseudosuchia

Pseudosuchians of the Escucha Formation[9][10]
Genus Species Region Member Material Notes Image
Anteophthalmosuchus A. escuchae Santa Maria Mine Lower Sedimentary Succession Member Partial skeleton including skull, and other isolated remains Goniopholididae. Partial skull AR-1-3422 represents juvenile individual of this taxon.
Hulkepholis H. plotos[9] Santa Maria Mine Lower Sedimentary Succession Member Partial skeleton including skull Goniopholididae

Testudines

Testudines of the Escucha Formation
Genus Species Region Member Material Notes Image
Aragochersis A. lignitesta[11] Santa Maria Mine Lower Sedimentary Succession Member Two partial skeletons, both including complete skull Helochelydridae turtle.
Toremys T. cassiopeia[12] Santa Maria Mine Lower Sedimentary Succession Member Multiple shells both articulated and disarticulated, and several appendicular elements Pleurosternidae turtle.
Trachydermochelys T. sp.[13] Cabezo de las Eras Lower Member Helochelydridae turtle.

Fishes

Fishes of the Escucha Formation[7]
Genus Species Region Member Material Notes Image
Chondrichthyes indet. Indeterminate Santa Maria Mine Lower Sedimentary Succession Member
Osteichthyes indet. Indeterminate Santa Maria Mine Lower Sedimentary Succession Member

Molluscs

Molluscs of the Escucha Formation[7]
Genus Species Region Member Material Notes Image
Bivalvia indet. Indeterminate Santa Maria Mine Lower Sedimentary Succession Member
Gastropoda indet. Indeterminate Santa Maria Mine Lower Sedimentary Succession Member

Crustacea

Crustaceans of the Escucha Formation
Genus Species Region Member Material Notes Image
Cretagourretia C. salasi[14] CV-13 Roadcut Ctenochelidae decapod
Joeranina J. tausi[14] CV-13 Roadcut Palaeocorystidae decapod

Insects

Insects
Taxa Location/site Notes Images
Alavaraphidia Peñacerrada I amber [15]
Amarantoraphidia Peñacerrada I amber [15]
Microcostaphron parvus Peñacerrada I amber [16]
Radiophron ibericus Peñacerrada I amber [17]
Styporaphidia? hispanica Peñacerrada I amber [15]
Other arthropods
  • Alavia neli
  • Archaelagonops alavensis
  • Mesozygiella dunlopi
  • Cretogarypinus zaragozai[18]
  • Ithioreolpium alavensis[18]
  • Alavesiaphis margaritae
  • Hispanocader lisae
  • Alavametra popovi
  • Iberovelia quisquilia
  • Glaesivelia pulcherrima
  • Gymnopollisthrips maior
  • G. minor
  • Manicapsocidus enigmaticus
  • Archaeatropos alavensis
  • Preempheria antiqua
  • Empheropsocus arilloi
  • E. margineglabrus
  • Morazatermes krishnai
  • Cantabritermes simplex
  • Autrigonoforceps iberica
  • Hispanelcana alavensis
  • H. arilloi
  • H. lopezvallei
  • Libanophron sugaar
  • Hippocoon basajauni
  • Burmaphron iratxoak
  • B. jentilak
  • B. sorginak
  • Tagsmiphron olentzero
  • Elasmophron mari
  • Ectenobythus iberiensis
  • Liztor pilosus
  • Cretepyris martini
  • Zophepyris alavaensis
  • Ampulicomorpha perialla
  • Microcostaphron parvus
  • Archephedrus stolamissus
  • Protorhyssalopsis perrichoti
  • Spathiopteryx alavarommopsis
  • Serphites lamiak
  • Aposerphites angustus
  • Archaeromma hispanicum
  • Galloromma alavaensis
  • Alavaromma orchamum
  • Tithonoscelio resinalis
  • Bruescelio platycephalus
  • Electroteleiopsis hebdomas
  • Alavascelio delvallei
  • Amissascelio temporarius
  • Perimoscelio tyrbastes
  • Perimoscelio confector
  • Proterosceliopsis masneri
  • Juxtascelio interitus
  • Iberopria perialla
  • Iberoevania roblesi
  • Cretevania alonsoi
  • Iberomaimetsha nihtmara
  • Iberomaimetsha rasnitsyni
  • Valaa delclosi
  • Megalava truncata
  • Eosyntexis parva
  • Cretasonoma corinformibus
  • Penarhytus tenebris
  • Prosolierius parvus
  • Cretakarenni hispanicus
  • Rhizophtoma longus
  • Darwinylus marcosi
  • Mediumiuga sinespinis
  • Archiaustroconops alavensis
  • Leptoconops (Leptoconops) zherikhini
  • Gerontodacus skalskii
  • Chimeromyia alava
  • Chimeromyina concilia
  • Euliphora grimaldii
  • Alavesia subiasi
  • Tethepomima holomma
  • Tethepomyia buruhandi
  • Lysistrata emerita
  • Hegalari minor
  • Hegalari antzinako
  • Alavamanota hispanica
  • Allocotocera xavieri
  • Cretohaplusia ortunoi
  • Eltxo cretaceus
  • Helius (Helius) alavensis
  • Helius (Helius) spiralis
  • Espanoderus barbarae
  • Alavaraphidia imperterrita
  • Baissoptera cretaceoelectra
  • Cretokatianna bucculenta
  • Sphyrotheciscus senectus
  • Archeallacma dolichopoda
  • Katiannasminthurus xenopygus
  • Pseudosminthurides stoechus
  • Burmisotoma spinulifera
  • Protoisotoma autrigoniensis
  • Proisotoma communis
  • Proleptochelia tenuissima
  • Electrotanais monolithus
  • Alavatanais carabe
  • Alavatanais margulisae
  • Eurotanais terminator
  • Spinomegops arcanus
  • Strieremaeus minguezae
  • Iberofoveopsis miguelesi
  • Hispanothrips utrillensis
  • Aragonitermes teruelensis
  • Aragonimantis aenigma
  • Mymaropsis turolensis
  • Serphites silban
  • Galloromma turolensis
  • Alavaromma orchamum
  • Cretevania rubusensis
  • Cretevania alcalai
  • Cretevania montoyai
  • Actenobius magneoculus
  • Arra legalovi
  • Leptoconops (Leptoconops) zherikhini
  • Atriculicoides sanjusti
  • Atriculicoides hispanicus
  • Gerontodacus skalskii
  • Microphorites utrillensis
  • Litoleptis fossilis
  • Burmazelmira grimaldii
  • Aragomantispa lacerata
  • Spinomegops aragonensis
  • Ametroproctus valeriae
  • Cretaceobodes martinezae
  • Trhypochthonius lopezvallei
Invertebrates
Flora

Correlation

Template:Early Cretaceous stratigraphy of Iberia

See also

References

  1. ↑ Weishampel, et al., 2004
  2. ↑ Peyrot et al., 2007
  3. ↑ Rodríguez-López, Juan Pedro; Liesa, Carlos L.; Pardo, Gonzalo; Meléndez, Nieves; Soria, Ana R.; Skilling, Ian (2016-06-15). "Glacial dropstones in the western Tethys during the late Aptian–early Albian cold snap: Palaeoclimate and palaeogeographic implications for the mid-Cretaceous". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 452: 11–27. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.04.004. ISSN 0031-0182. Bibcode: 2016PPP...452...11R. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003101821630058X. 
  4. ↑ Escucha Formation at Fossilworks.org
  5. ↑ Mcdonald, Andrew T.; EspíLez, Eduardo; Mampel, Luis; Kirkland, James I.; Alcalá, Luis (21 December 2012). "An unusual new basal iguanodont (Dinosauria: Ornithopoda) from the Lower Cretaceous of Teruel, Spain". Zootaxa 3595 (1). doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3595.1.3. Bibcode: 2012Zoot.35955.1.3M. 
  6. ↑ Kirkland, James I.; Alcalá, Luis; Loewen, Mark A.; Espílez, Eduardo; Mampel, Luis; Wiersma, Jelle P. (2 December 2013). "The Basal Nodosaurid Ankylosaur Europelta carbonensis n. gen., n. sp. from the Lower Cretaceous (Lower Albian) Escucha Formation of Northeastern Spain". PLOS ONE 8 (12). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0080405. PMID 24312471. Bibcode: 2013PLoSO...880405K. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Alcalá, Luis; Espílez, Eduardo; Mampel, Luis; Kirkland, James I.; Ortiga, Manuel; Rubio, Diego; González, Ana; Ayala, Daniel et al. (1 December 2012). "A New Lower Cretaceous Vertebrate Bonebed Near Ariño (Teruel, Aragón, Spain); Found and Managed in a Joint Collaboration Between a Mining Company and a Palaeontological Park". Geoheritage 4 (4): 275–286. doi:10.1007/s12371-012-0068-y. Bibcode: 2012Geohe...4..275A. 
  8. ↑ Canudo, J.I.; Ruiz-Omeñaca, J.I.; Sender, L.M. (2004). "Primera evidencia de un dinosaurio saurópodo en la Formación Escucha (Utrillas, Teruel), Albiense medio (Cretácico inferior)". Geo-Temas 6 (5): 27–30. https://www.aragosaurus.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Canudo_etal_2004UTrillas.pdf. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Buscalioni, Ángela D; Alcalá, Luis; Espílez, Eduardo; Mampel, Luis (2013). "European Goniopholididae from the Early Albian Escucha Formation in Ariño (Teruel, Aragón, Spain)". Spanish Journal of Palaeontology 28 (1): 103–122. doi:10.7203/sjp.28.1.17835. 
  10. ↑ Arribas, Ignacio; Buscalioni, Angela D.; Royo Torres, Rafael; Espílez, Eduardo; Mampel, Luis; Alcalá, Luis (31 October 2019). "A new goniopholidid crocodyliform, Hulkepholis rori sp. nov. from the Camarillas Formation (early Barremian) in Galve, Spain)". PeerJ 7. doi:10.7717/peerj.7911. PMID 31687271. Bibcode: 2019PeerJ...7e7911A. 
  11. ↑ Pérez-García, A.; Espílez, E.; Mampel, L.; Alcalá, L. (March 2020). "A new basal turtle represented by the two most complete skeletons of Helochelydridae in Europe". Cretaceous Research 107. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104291. Bibcode: 2020CrRes.10704291P. 
  12. ↑ Pérez-García, A.; Espílez, E.; Mampel, L.; Alcalá, L. (July 2015). "A new European Albian turtle that extends the known stratigraphic range of the Pleurosternidae (Paracryptodira)". Cretaceous Research 55: 74–83. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.02.007. Bibcode: 2015CrRes..55...74P. 
  13. ↑ Canudo, J. I.; Cobos, A.; Martín-Closas, C.; Murelaga, X.; Pereda-Suberbiola, X.; Royo-Torres, R.; Ruiz-Omeñaca, J. I.; Sender, L. M. (2005). "Sobre la presencia de dinosaurios ornitópodos en la Formación Escucha (Cretácico Inferior, Albiense): redescubierto "Iguanodon" en Utrillas (Teruel)". XVI Reunión Bienal de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural, Fundación Conjunto Paleontológico de Teruel, Teruel, Spain Fundamental 6: 51–56. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Ossó, Àlex; Charbonnier, Sylvain; Hyžný, Matúš; Van Bakel, Barry W.M.; Devillez, Julien; Bover-Arnal, Telm; Moreno-Bedmar, Josep Anton (24 October 2024). "Decapod assemblages from the Aptian-Albian transition of the eastern Maestrat Basin (Iberian Chain)". Geologica Acta 22: 1–35. doi:10.1344/GeologicaActa2024.22.7. Bibcode: 2024GeolA..22....7O. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Pérez de la Fuente et al., 2012
  16. ↑ Ortega Blanco et al., 2010, p.272
  17. ↑ Ortega Blanco et al., 2010, p.267
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Sánchez-García, A.; Palencia, L.; Delclòs, X.; Peñalver, E. (2024). "False scorpions (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones) from Lower Cretaceous Spanish amber". Papers in Palaeontology 10 (6): e1608. doi:10.1002/spp2.1608. Bibcode: 2024PPal...10E1608S. 

Bibliography

Further reading

  • L. Alcalá, E. Espílez, L. Mampel, J. I. Kirkland, M. Ortiga, D. Rubio, A. González, D. Ayala, A. Cobos, R. Royo-Torres, F. Gascó and M. D. Pesquero. 2012. A new Lower Cretaceous vertebrate bonebed near Arino (Tereul, Aragon, Spain); found and managed in a joint collaboration between a mining company and a palaeontological park. Geoheritage 4:275-286
  • J. I. Canudo, A. Cobos, C. Martín-Closas, X. Murelaga, X. Pereda-Suberbiola, R. Royo-Torres, J. I. Ruiz-Omeñaca and L. M. Sender. 2005. Sobre la presencia de dinosaurios ornitópodos en la Formación Escucha (Cretácico Inferior, Albiense): redescubierto "Iguanodon" en Utrillas (Teruel) [On the presence of ornithopod dinosaurs in the Escucha Formation (Lower Cretaceous, Albian): redescribing "Iguanodon" in Utrillas (Teruel)]. Fundamental 6:51-56
  • E. Peñalver, D. A. Grimaldi, and X. Delclos. 2006. Early Cretaceous spider web with its prey. Science 312:1761



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