Earth:Guadalupe Group

Guadalupe Group Stratigraphic range: Campanian-Maastrichtian ~80–70 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Guadalupe Hill Type locality of the Guadalupe Group
Type	Geological group
Sub-units	Arenisca Labor-Tierna Plaeners Arenisca Dura
Underlies	Guaduas Formation
Overlies	Villeta Group  Conejo Fm. & Chipaque Fm.
Lithology
Primary	Sandstone, shale
Other	Salt (allochthonous)
Location
Coordinates
Region	Altiplano Cundiboyacense Eastern Ranges, Andes
Country	Colombia
Type section
Named for	Guadalupe Hill
Named by	Pérez & Salazar
Year defined	1978
Coordinates	[ ⚑ ] 4°35′31″N 74°03′15″W
Region	Cundinamarca, Boyacá
Country	Colombia
Thickness at type section	750 metres (2,460 ft)
Paleogeography of Northern South America 65 Ma, by Ron Blakey

The Guadalupe Group (Spanish: Grupo Guadalupe, K₂G, Ksg) is a geological group of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. The group, a sequence of shales and sandstones, is subdivided into three formations; Arenisca Dura, Plaeners and Arenisca Labor-Tierna, and dates to the Late Cretaceous period; Campanian-Maastrichtian epochs and at its type section has a thickness of 750 metres (2,460 ft).

Etymology

The group was published in 1978 by Pérez and Salazar and named after its type locality Guadalupe Hill in the Eastern Hills of Bogotá.

Description

Lithologies

The Guadalupe Group is characterised by three formations; two sandstone sequences, Arenisca Dura and Arenisca Labor-Tierna, and an intermediate shale formation; Plaeners.

Stratigraphy and depositional environment

The Guadalupe Group overlies the Conejo Formation in the central part of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense and the Chipaque Formation in the eastern part and is overlain by the Guaduas Formation. Some authors define the Guadalupe Group as a formation and call the individual formations members. The thickness of the Guadalupe Group in its type locality Guadalupe Hill and the El Cable Hill is 750 metres (2,460 ft). The age has been estimated to be Campanian-Maastrichtian. The Guadalupe Group has been deposited in a marine environment.

Outcrops

The formations of the Guadalupe Group are apart from its type locality at Guadalupe Hill, Bogotá, found in other parts of the Eastern Hills of Bogotá, the Ocetá Páramo and many other locations, such as the Piedras del Tunjo in the Eastern Ranges.

At present, the Guadalupe Group in the anticlinals of Zipaquirá and Nemocón contains rock salt. These halite deposits are not originally deposited in the Late Cretaceous Guadalupe Group, yet are allochthonous diapirs formed when the Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous normal faults were reactivated as reverse faults during the mayor Miocene tectonic movements of the Eastern Ranges. The salt had been deposited during the Early Cretaceous (Valanginian-Barremian, approximately 135 to 125 Ma), intruding into the overlying formations of the Upper Cretaceous.

Panorama

The Cerro de Águilas on the Ocetá Páramo is composed of sediments belonging to the Guadalupe Group

See also

Geology of the Eastern Hills

Geology of the Ocetá Páramo

Geology of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense

References

Bibliography

• García González, Mario; Mier Umaña, Ricardo; Cruz Guevara, Luis Enrique; Vásquez, Mauricio (2009), Informe Ejecutivo - evaluación del potencial hidrocarburífero de las cuencas colombianas, Universidad Industrial de Santander, pp. 1–219 
• García, Helbert; Jiménez, Giovanny (2016), "Structural analysis of the Zipaquirá Anticline (Eastern Cordillera, Colombia)", Boletín de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Nacional de Colombia 39 (39): 21–32, doi:10.15446/rbct.n39.50333 
• Guerrero Uscátegui, Alberto Lobo (1993), Informe sobre la Cuenca Petrolífera de la Sabana de Bogotá, Colombia, pp. 1–29 
• Guerrero Uscátegui, Alberto Lobo (1992), Geología e Hidrogeología de Santafé de Bogotá y su Sabana, Sociedad Colombiana de Ingenieros, pp. 1–20 
• Montoya Arenas, Diana María; Reyes Torres, Germán Alfonso (2005), Geología de la Sabana de Bogotá, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1–104 
• Villamil, Tomas (2012), Chronology Relative Sea Level History and a New Sequence Stratigraphic Model for Basinal Cretaceous Facies of Colombia, Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM), pp. 161–216 

Maps

• López, Carolina; Dávila, Camilo; González, Francisco; Parra, Eduardo; Chaquea, Claudia; Ojeda, Carolina; Q., Carlos; Espinel, Valentina et al. (2011), Plancha 139 - Betoyes - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1, https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QN0FsY1dIX3VBemc, retrieved 2017-06-06 
• López, Carolina; Dávila, Camilo; González, Francisco; Parra, Eduardo; Chaquea, Claudia; Ojeda, Carolina; Q., Carlos; Espinel, Valentina et al. (2011), Plancha 155 - Puerto Rondón - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1, https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QVG9nSVU5TmpGRWc, retrieved 2017-06-06 
• Renzoni, Giancarlo; Rosas, Humberto (2009), Plancha 171 - Duitama - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1, https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QVU40dC0wUzhzTkk, retrieved 2017-06-06 
• Ulloa, Carlos E.; Guerra, Álvaro; Escovar, Ricardo (1998), Plancha 172 - Paz de Río - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1, https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QalZXUHRfM0I2eFk, retrieved 2017-06-06 
• Fuquen M., Jaime A; Osorno M, José F. (2009), Plancha 190 - Chiquinquirá - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1, https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QVEYzMnV1ekNxTDQ, retrieved 2017-06-06 
• Renzoni, Giancarlo; Rosas, Humberto; Etayo Serna, Fernando (1998), Plancha 191 - Tunja - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1, https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QQzhBTXNwUWJuUDg, retrieved 2017-06-06 
• Ulloa, Carlos E.; Rodríguez, Erasmo; Escovar, Ricardo (1998), Plancha 192 - Laguna de Tota - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1, https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QTmFMZTdRVDdDWWc, retrieved 2017-06-06 
• Ulloa, Carlos; Acosta, Jorge (1998), Plancha 208 - Villeta - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1, https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QMjhLeWJ0aU1Za1U, retrieved 2017-06-06 
• Montoya, Diana María; Reyes, Germán (2009), Plancha 209 - Zipaquirá - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1, https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QYUdHRWFiN1JrVms, retrieved 2017-06-06 
• Terraza, Roberto; Moreno, Giovanni; Buitrago, José A.; Pérez, Adrián; Montoya, Diana María (2010), Plancha 210 - Guateque - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1, https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QS1VHUTg1MEpNcHM, retrieved 2017-06-06 
• Ulloa, Carlos E; Rodríguez, Erasmo; Acosta, Jorge E. (1998), Plancha 227 - La Mesa - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1, https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QR0k3cWk2aTlwbEk, retrieved 2017-06-06 
• Buitrago, José Alberto; Terraza M., Roberto; Etayo, Fernando (1998), Plancha 228 - Santafé de Bogotá Noreste - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1, https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QTlNraVVZZ2ZCY0E, retrieved 2017-06-06 
• Acosta, Jorge E.; Ulloa, Carlos E. (1998), Plancha 246 - Fusagasugá - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1, https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QNkY5UEloZU9pdEk, retrieved 2017-06-06 
• Calcedo, Juan Carlos; Terraza, Roberto (2000), Plancha 264 - Espinal - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1, https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QWXFlMThKQTBCRjA, retrieved 2017-06-06 
• Acosta, Jorge; Calcedo, Juan Carlos; Ulloa, Carlos (1999), Plancha 265 - Icononzo - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1, https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QUVIxRzhsZ2RyTk0, retrieved 2017-06-06 
• Acosta, Jorge; Caro, Pablo; Fuquen, Jaime; Osorno, José (2002), Plancha 303 - Colombia - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1 
• Velandia, Francisco; Cepeda, Héctor (2005), Planchas 171 & 191 - Geología sector del sur del municipio de Paipa (Boyacá) - 1:25,000, INGEOMINAS 
• Various, Authors (1997), Mapa geológico de Santa Fe de Bogotá – Geological Map Bogotá – 1:50,000, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1, http://seisan.sgc.gov.co/RSNC/Mapa_Geo.pdf, retrieved 2017-03-16 

External links

• Gómez, J.; Montes, N.E.; Nivia, Á.; Diederix, H. (2015), Plancha 5-09 del Atlas Geológico de Colombia 2015 – escala 1:500,000, Servicio Geológico Colombiano, pp. 1, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309533589, retrieved 2017-03-16