Earth:Khodzhakul Formation

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Khodzhakul Formation
Stratigraphic range: Cenomanian
~93–89 Ma
↓
TypeGeological formation
UnderliesTamdytruba & Bissekty Formations
OverliesBortesken Formation
Lithology
PrimarySandstone
Location
Coordinates [ ⚑ ] : 40°06′N 65°48′E / 40.1°N 65.8°E / 40.1; 65.8
Paleocoordinates [ ⚑ ] 35°54′S 65°30′E / 35.9°S 65.5°E / -35.9; 65.5
RegionKarakalpakstan
CountryUzbekistan
Khodzhakul Formation is located in Uzbekistan
Khodzhakul Formation
Khodzhakul Formation (Uzbekistan)

The Khodzhakul Formation is a Cenomanian aged geologic formation in Uzbekistan. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.[1] As well as those of Mammals.[2] It is part of the same stratigraphic succession as the overlying Bissekty Formation.

Fossil content

One of the largest mammals of the Mesozoic, Oxlestes, occurred in this formation, and may have predated on dinosaur species.[3]

Dinosaurs
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images

Asiaceratops[4]

A. salsopaludalis[4]

"Teeth, cranial fragments, phalanx."[5]

Gilmoreosaurus[6]

G. atavus[6]

Horezmavis[7]

H. eocretaceous[7]

"Tarsometatarsus."[8]

Kulceratops[4]

K. kulensis[4]

"Fragmentary material."[5]

Pectinodon[4]

P. sp.[4]

Therizinosauroidea

Indeterminate[9]

  • Upper

Ulughbegsaurus[10]

U. sp.

A right maxilla fragment

Titanosauria indet. Indeterminate Indeterminate titanosaur. [11]
Ornithomimidae indet. Indeterminate Indeterminate ornithomimd. [12]
Ankylosauridae indet. Indeterminate Indeterminate ankylosaurid. [13]
cf. Alectrosaurus sp Indeterminate Remains stated to be similar to Alectrosaurus. [13]
Pterosaurs
Genus Species Notes
Ornithocheiromorpha indet. Indeterminate Indeterminate ornithocheirids.[14]
Azhdarchidae Indet. Indeterminate Indeterminate azdarchids. [15]
Mammals[2]
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Bobolestes B. zenge Maxilla and dentary fragments Zalambdalestoidea
Eozhelestes E. mangit dentary fragments and teeth
Sheikhdzheilia S. rezvyii Maxilla and dentary fragments ?Zhelestidae
Zalambdalestidae Indeterminate Right petrosal
‘‘Zhelestidae’’ Indeterminate Left dentary and dentary fragment Large taxon
Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

See also

  • List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations

References

  1. ↑ Weishampel, et al., 2004, "Dinosaur distribution." pp.517-607
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Averianov, Alexander; Archibald, J. David (August 2005). "Mammals from the mid-Cretaceous Khodzhakul Formation, Kyzylkum Desert, Uzbekistan". Cretaceous Research 26 (4): 593–608. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2005.03.007. Bibcode: 2005CrRes..26..593A. http://doc.rero.ch/record/16169/files/PAL_E3373.pdf. 
  3. ↑ Michael J. Benton,Mikhail A. Shishkin, David M. Unwin, The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia, Cambridge University Press, 04/12/2003 - 740 páginas
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 "40.3 Qoraqalpoghiston Respublikasi, Uzbekistan; 1. Upper Khodzhakul Formation," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 594.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Table 22.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 480.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Listed as "? Gilmoreosaurus sp." in "40.3 Qoraqalpoghiston Respublikasi, Uzbekistan; 1. Upper Khodzhakul Formation," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 594.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "40.3 Qoraqalpoghiston Respublikasi, Uzbekistan; 1. Lower Khodzhakul Formation," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 563.
  8. ↑ "Table 11.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 214.
  9. ↑ Sues, Hans-Dieter; Averianov, Alexander (2016). "Therizinosauroidea (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Uzbekistan". Cretaceous Research 59: 155–178. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.11.003. Bibcode: 2016CrRes..59..155S. 
  10. ↑ Averianov, A. O.; Kuzmin, I. T.; Skutschas, P. P.; Sues, H.-D. (2025). "First record of Carcharodontosauridae (Dinosauria, Theropoda) in the Upper Cretaceous Khodzhakul Formation of Uzbekistan". Journal of Paleontology 99: 206–218. doi:10.1017/jpa.2025.1. 
  11. ↑ Averianov, Alexander; Sues, Hans-Dieter (2017-01-01). "Review of Cretaceous sauropod dinosaurs from Central Asia". Cretaceous Research 69: 184–197. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2016.09.006. ISSN 0195-6671. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019566711630221X. 
  12. ↑ Sues, Hans-Dieter; Averianov, Alexander (2016-01-01). "Ornithomimidae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Bissekty Formation (Upper Cretaceous: Turonian) of Uzbekistan". Cretaceous Research 57: 90–110. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.07.012. ISSN 0195-6671. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195667115300355. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Nessov, Alexander (1995). "DINOSAURS OF NORTHERN EURASIA: NEW DATA ABOUT ASSEMBLAGES, ECOLOGY, AND PALEOBIOGEOGRAPHY". https://naturalhistory.si.edu/sites/default/files/media/translated_publications/Nessov%252095.pdf. 
  14. ↑ Averianov, A. O. (2007-02-01). "Mid-cretaceous Ornithocheirids (Pterosauria, Ornithocheiridae) from Russia and Uzbekistan" (in en). Paleontological Journal 41 (1): 79–86. doi:10.1134/S003103010701008X. ISSN 1555-6174. https://doi.org/10.1134/S003103010701008X. 
  15. ↑ https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicCollectionSearch?collection_no=92327

Bibliography



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