Earth:Moreno Formation

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Moreno Formation
Stratigraphic range: Maastrichtian 70–66 Ma
↓
TypeGeological formation
Unit ofChico Group
UnderliesUnconformity with the Martinez Formation and Tejon Formation
OverliesPanoche Formation
Thickness1,600–2,000 ft (487.68–609.60 m)
Lithology
PrimaryShale
OtherSandstone
Location
RegionSan Joaquin Valley, California
CountryUnited States

The Moreno Formation is a Mesozoic geologic formation located in San Joaquin Valley (California).
Dinosaur remains diagnostic to the genus level are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.[1]

Paleofauna

Template:Paleobiota-key-compact

Cartilaginous fish

Cartilaginous fishes reported from the Moreno Formation
Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images
Heptranchias[2] H. sp

Ray-finned fish

Ray-finned fishes reported from the Moreno Formation
Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images

Bonnerichthys[3]

B. gladius

A large, filter-feeding pachycormid.

Bonnerichthys

Saurodon[4]

S. sp.

An ichthyodectid.

Saurodon

Dinosaurs

Dinosaurs reported from the Moreno Formation
Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images

Augustynolophus[5]

A. morrisi[5]

saurolophine.[5]
Augustynolophus
Saurolophus[5]

S. morrisi[5]

Reclassified as Augustynolophus morrisi.[5]

Mosasaurs

Mosasaurs reported from the Moreno Formation
Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images

Kolposaurus[6]

K. bennisoni[6]

The name Kolposaurus was preoccupied and its two constituent species moved to the new genus Plotosaurus.[6]

K. tuckeri[6]

Plesiotylosaurus[7]

P. crassidens[7]

Plesiotylosaurus crassidens

Plotosaurus[6]

P. bennisoni[6]

Plotosaurus bennisoni
P. tuckeri[6] A junior synonym of P. bennisoni.

Prognathodon[8]

P. cf. waiparaensis

cf. Mosasaurus[8]

cf. M. sp.

Halisaurus[8]

H. sp.

Plesiosaurs

Plesiosaurs reported from the Moreno Formation
Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images

Aphrosaurus[9]

A. furlongi[9]

Aphrosaurus

Fresnosaurus[10]

F. drescheri[10]

Fresnosaurus

Hydrotherosaurus[9]

H. alexandrae[9]

Hydrotherosaurus

Morenosaurus[10]

M. stocki[10]

Morenosaurus

Turtles

Testudines reported from the Moreno Formation
Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images

Adocus

J. Howard Hutchison later referred the specimen originally identified as Adocus by to the genus Basilemys.[11]

Basilemys

Osteopygis[10]

Foraminifera

Forams reported from the Moreno Formation
Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images
Anomalina[2] A. pseudopopillosa Tierra Loma Shale Member
Bulimina B. obtusa Tierra Loma Shale Member 99% of the foraminifera sampled at the Tierra Loma Shale Member belonged to B. obtusa.[12][13]
Dentalina[2] D. legumen Tierra Loma Shale Member
Frondicularia[2] F. undulosa Tierra Loma Shale Member
Gyroidina[14] G. depressa Tierra Loma Shale Member
Nodosaria[2] N. monile Tierra Loma Shale Member
N. pomuligera
N. spinifera
N. sp
Nodosarella[13] N. sp Tierra Loma Shale Member

See also

  • List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations
    • List of stratigraphic units with few dinosaur genera

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Weishampel, et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution." Pp. 517-607.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 "PBDB Collection". https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicCollectionSearch?collection_no=108392. 
  3. ↑ Friedman, Matt; Shimada, Kenshu; Everhart, Michael J.; Irwin, Kelly J.; Grandstaff, Barbara S.; Stewart, J. D. (8 January 2013). "Geographic and stratigraphic distribution of the Late Cretaceous suspension-feeding bony fish Bonnerichthys gladius (Teleostei, Pachycormiformes)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33 (1): 35–47. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.713059. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02724634.2012.713059. 
  4. ↑ Friedman, Matt; Shimada, Kenshu; Everhart, Michael J.; Irwin, Kelly J.; Grandstaff, Barbara S.; Stewart, J. D. (8 January 2013). "Geographic and stratigraphic distribution of the Late Cretaceous suspension-feeding bony fish Bonnerichthys gladius (Teleostei, Pachycormiformes)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33 (1): 35–47. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.713059. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02724634.2012.713059. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Prieto-Márquez, Albert; Wagner, Jonathan R.; Bell, Phil R.; Chiappe, Luis M. (2014). "The late-surviving 'duck-billed' dinosaur Augustynolophus from the upper Maastrichtian of western North America and crest evolution in Saurolophini". Geological Magazine 152 (2): 225–241. doi:10.1017/S0016756814000284. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 "4: The Marine Reptiles; Mosasaurs," in Hilton (2003) p. 107-110
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Appendix: Summary of the Mesozoic Reptilian Fossils of California," in Hilton (2003) p. 273
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Lindgren, Johan; Schulp, Anne (15 September 2010). "New material of Prognathodon (Squamata: Mosasauridae), and the mosasaur assemblage of the Maastrichtian of California, U.S.A.". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30 (5): 1632–1636. doi:10.1080/02724634.2010.501444. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02724634.2010.501444. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 "Appendix: Summary of the Mesozoic Reptilian Fossils of California," in Hilton (2003) p. 276
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 "Appendix: Summary of the Mesozoic Reptilian Fossils of California," in Hilton (2003) p. 277
  11. ↑ "4: The Marine Reptiles; Turtles," in Hilton (2003) p. 114
  12. ↑ "Panoche Hills 5, UCMP V3735 (Cretaceous of the United States)". https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicCollectionSearch?collection_no=108392. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Welles, S. P. (1943). "Elasmosaurid plesiosaurs with description of new material from California and Colorado". Memoirs of the University of California 13. https://plesiosauria.com/pdf/welles_1943_elasmosaurid_plesiosaurs.pdf. 
  14. ↑ "PBDB Collection". https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicCollectionSearch?collection_no=108392. 

References

  • Hilton, Richard P. 2003. Dinosaurs and Other Mesozoic Reptiles of California. Berkeley: University of California Press. 318 pp.
  • Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. 861 pp. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.



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