Earth:Onverwacht Group

Short description: Series of Archaean greenstone belts and volcanic rock formations in South Africa and Eswatini

Onverwacht Group Stratigraphic range: Paleoarchean >3300 Ma Had'n Archean Proterozoic Pha. ↓
Type	Geological group
Sub-units	Subunits
Underlies	Fig Tree Formation
Thickness	16,370 m (53,710 ft)
Lithology
Primary	Greenstone belt
Other	Volcanic rock
Location
Coordinates
Region	Barberton Greenstone Belt, Mpumalanga
Country	South Africa Eswatini
Extent	Kaapvaal Craton
Location of the Barberton Greenstone Belt

The Onverwacht Group or Onverwacht Series is a series of greenstone belts and volcanic rock formations from the Archean Eon in the Kaapvaal Craton in South Africa and Eswatini.

A well known part of the Onverwacht Series is visible in the Komati valley, located in the east of the Transvaal region.

Subdivision

The Onverwacht Group can be divided into two subgroups with six formations:

• Geluk Subgroup
  • Swartkoppie Formation – 920 metres (3,020 ft)
  • Kromberg Formation – 1,920 metres (6,300 ft)
  • Hooggenoeg Formation – 4,850 metres (15,910 ft)
• Tjakastad Subgroup
  • Komatii Formation – 3,500 metres (11,500 ft)
  • Theespruit Formation – 1,980 metres (6,500 ft)
  • Sandspruit Formation – 3,200 metres (10,500 ft)

The fossils found in the Onverwacht Series are among the oldest found on Earth.

See also

• Archean life in the Barberton Greenstone Belt
• Warrawoona Group

References

Bibliography

• Engel, A.E.; Nagy, B.; Nagy, L.A.; Engel, C.G.; Kremp, G.O.; Drew, C.M. (1968). "Alga-Like Forms in Onverwacht Series, South Africa: Oldest Recognized Lifelike Forms on Earth". Science 161 (3845): 1005–1008. doi:10.1126/science.161.3845.1005. PMID 17812798. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/161/3845/1005. Retrieved 2008-07-12. 

External links

• (in German) Der Barberton Greenstone Belt und Komatiite