Earth:Pulhamite

From HandWiki

Pulhamite was a patented anthropic rock material invented by James Pulham (1820–1898) of the firm James Pulham and Son of Broxbourne in Hertfordshire. It was widely used for rock gardens and grottos.

Overview

Pulhamite, which usually looked like gritty sandstone, was used to join natural rocks together or crafted to simulate natural stone features. It was so realistic that it fooled some geologists of the era.[1] The recipe went to the grave with the inventor.[2] Modern analysis of surviving original Pulhamite has shown it to be a blend of sand, Portland cement and clinker sculpted over a core of rubble and crushed bricks.[3] It can be viewed in these places:

  • Dane Park, Margate[4][circular reference]
  • Neo-Norman gatehouse and folly at Benington Lordship in Hertfordshire
  • Rockery, Burslem Park
  • Cascade and Rock Garden, Ramsgate,[5]
  • Courtstairs Chine, Ramsgate,[6]
  • Garden Folly, Sydenham Hill Wood, Sydenham, London.
  • Grottoes at Dewstow Gardens, South Wales
  • Dunorlan Park, Tunbridge Wells[7]
  • Felixstowe Spa and Winter Garden, Suffolk[8]
  • Fernery and waterfall, Bromley Palace Park, Bromley[9][10]
  • Grotto, Wotton House, Surrey
  • Water course and pump tower, The Dell, Englefield Green
  • Henley Hall, Shropshire
  • Lake and rockery, Milton Mount Gardens, Crawley[11][12]
  • Leonardslee, rockery in Grade I listed garden at Lower Beeding, West Sussex, England.[13]
  • Newstead Abbey fernery, Nottinghamshire[14]
  • Rock Cliff, Bawdsey Manor, Suffolk[15]
  • Water Garden, Highnam Court, Gloucester[16]
  • Zig-zag Path, Lower Leas Coastal Park, Folkestone[17]
  • Rosshall Park, Glasgow
  • Gardens at Waddesdon Manor, Buckinghamshire[18]
  • Heythrop Park, Oxfordshire
  • Fernery at Danesbury Park, Hertfordshire.
  • Waterfall at Battersea Park, London.
  • Madresfield Court and gardens, Worcestershire
  • Gardens at Coombe Wood, Croydon.
  • Artificial stone mouldings in West Hyde church, Hertfordshire.
  • Colney Hall near Norwich
  • Cliffs at North Shore, Blackpool[19]
  • Former Terraced Gardens, Rivington, Lancashire.[20]
  • Holly Hill Woodland Park, Fareham. [21]
  • Pulhamite cliff walk at Bawdsey Manor
    Pulhamite cliff walk at Bawdsey Manor
  • Remnants of a folly ruin in Sydenham Hill Wood[22]
    Remnants of a folly ruin in Sydenham Hill Wood[22]
  • Pulham rocks in the Water Garden at Waddesdon Manor estate
    Pulham rocks in the Water Garden at Waddesdon Manor estate
  • Zig-zag Path in Folkestone
    Zig-zag Path in Folkestone
  • Pulhamite grotto at Wotton House, Surrey
    Pulhamite grotto at Wotton House, Surrey

See also

References

  1. ↑ Marion Harney (2014). Gardens and Landscapes in Historic Building Conservation. John Wiley & Sons. p. 460. ISBN 978-1118508138. 
  2. ↑ "The Pulham Legacy". http://www.pulham.org.uk/. 
  3. ↑ James Stevens Curl and Susan Wilson (2015). The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture. Oxford University Press. p. 606. ISBN 978-0199674985. 
  4. ↑ Margate
  5. ↑ "Rock Gardens and Cascade, Ramsgate". http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-171885-rock-gardens-and-cascade-ramsgate-kent. 
  6. ↑ "Courtstairs Chine, Ramsgate" (in en). https://www.parksandgardens.org/places/courtstairs-chine-ramsgate-1. 
  7. ↑ "History of Dunorlan Park". 2013. http://www.tunbridgewellsmuseum.info/default.aspx?page=1787&StyleType=larger&StyleClass=FontSize. 
  8. ↑ Historic England. "Cliff Gardens and Town Hall Garden (1001220)". National Heritage List for England. https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1001220. 
  9. ↑ "Pulhamite Fernery, Bromley Palace Park, Bromley". http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-171885-rock-gardens-and-cascade-ramsgate-kent. 
  10. ↑ "Pulhamite Waterfall in Bromley Palace Park, Bromley". http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-503799-pulhamite-waterfall-in-bromley-palace-pa. 
  11. ↑ "Pulhamite Rock Islet in Lake at Milton Mount Gardens (Former Worth Park), Crawley". http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-504453-pulhamite-rock-islet-in-lake-at-milton-m. 
  12. ↑ "Pulhamite Rockery at Milton Mount Gardens (Former Worth Park Gardens), Crawley". http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-504452-pulhamite-rockery-at-milton-mount-garden. 
  13. ↑ Slade, Naomi (July 2022). "Starting a colourful new chapter". The Garden 147 (4): 100–106. 
  14. ↑ "About Newstead Abbey". 2012. http://www.nottinghamcity.gov.uk/article/22218/About-Us. 
  15. ↑ "Bawdsey Manor Pulhamite Cliff Structures, Bawdsey". http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-1406805-bawdsey-manor-pulhamite-cliff-structure. 
  16. ↑ "Pulhamite Water Garden". http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-134328-grotto-about-10-metres-south-west-of-wal. 
  17. ↑ "Pulhamite Caves, Folkestone". http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-486585-pulhamite-caves-folkestone-kent. 
  18. ↑ "Explore the gardens - Waddesdon Manor" (in en-GB). Waddesdon Manor. https://waddesdon.org.uk/your-visit/grounds/explore-the-gardens/. 
  19. ↑ Unknown
  20. ↑ Harris, John (13 April 2021). "1903 – Rivington, Lever Park, Lancashire Pulham's Rivington Ravine… and more!". https://pulham.org.uk/1903-rivington-lever-park-lancashire/. 
  21. ↑ https://www.fareham.gov.uk/leisure/discover_fareham/hollyhill.aspx
  22. ↑ The Ruins, Sydenham Hill, London by Folly Flâneuse, 5 May 2023, retrieved 14 January 2026



Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Earth:Pulhamite&oldid=4573134"