Earth:Qigu Formation
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| Qigu Formation Stratigraphic range: Oxfordian-Early Kimmeridgian, 160.8–155.3 Ma | |
|---|---|
| Type | Geological formation |
| Underlies | Kalaza Formation |
| Overlies | Toutunhe Formation (Junggar) Qiketai Formation (equivalent unit in the Turpan Basin) |
| Thickness | Over 520 m (1,710 ft) |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | Siltstone, sandstone |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | [ ⚑ ] : 43°36′N 87°18′E / 43.6°N 87.3°E |
| Paleocoordinates | [ ⚑ ] 42°54′N 97°30′E / 42.9°N 97.5°E |
| Region | Xinjiang |
| Country | China |
| Extent | Southern Junggar Basin (blue) Turpan Basin (disputed) (cyan) |
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The Qigu Formation is a Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) geologic formation in the Southern Junggar Basin in China. Indeterminate Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation, including the stegosaur ("Angustungui qiketaensis"),[1] theropod teeth and a fibula.[2] a stegosaur dorsal vertebra[3] and a Eusauropod tooth.[4] Xinjiangtitan was erroneously thought to be from this formation, but it is actually from the older Qiketai Formation, which is in a different basin.[5] The term "Qigu Formation" is also used to sediments of equivalent age in the Turpan Basin, but this might better be treated as a separate formation. It is laterally equivalent to the Shishugou Formation.
Fossil content
The mass accumulation of Jurassic freshwater turtle fossils belonging to the genus Annemys, discovered in 2009 at a site nicknamed "Mesa Chelonia" in Shanshan County, Xinjiang is thought to likely belong to the Qigu Formation, though it belongs to the strata of the Turpan Basin.[6][7] Remains of indeterminate dinosaurs, including ankylosaurs, metriacanthosaurids, and dromaeosaurids are known from the formation.[8][9][10]
The remains of indeterminate rhamphorhynchid pterosaurs have been recovered from the formation. Among others, the following fossils have been found in the formation:[11]
| Crocodyliformes | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Taxa | Species | Material | Location | Notes | Images | |
| Nominosuchus | Indeterminate | Liuhuanggou bonebed | ||||
| Sunosuchus | ||||||
| Theriosuchus | ||||||
| Mammaliamorphs[12] | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Taxa | Species | Material | Location | Notes | Images | |
| Nanolestes | N. mackennai | Liuhuanggou bonebed | ||||
| Tegotherium | Indeterminate | |||||
| Dsungarodon | D. zuoi | Docodontan | ||||
| Sineleutherus | S. uyguricus | |||||
| Eutriconodonta | Indeterminate | |||||
See also
- List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations
- List of pterosaur-bearing stratigraphic units
References
- ↑ Ning, Li; Guozhong, Chen; Mateus, Octávio; Tao, Jiang; Yan, Xie; Daqing, Li; Hailu, You; Guangzhao, Peng (2024-10-02). "A new stegosaur (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Upper Jurassic Qigu Formation of Xinjiang, China and a revision on Chinese stegosaurs phylogeny". bioRxiv 10.1101/2024.09.29.615678.
- ↑ Maisch, Michael W.; Matzke, Andreas T. (October 2003). "Theropods (dinosauria, saurischia) from the middle Jurassic Toutunhe Formation of the Southern Junggar Basin, NW China". Paläontologische Zeitschrift 77 (2): 281–292. doi:10.1007/BF03006942. ISSN 0031-0220. Bibcode: 2003PalZ...77..281M.
- ↑ Wings, Oliver; Pfretzschner, Hans-Ulrich; Maisch, Michael W. (2007-01-01). "The first evidence of a stegosaur (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from the Jurassic of Xinjiang/China". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 243 (1): 113–118. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2007/0243-0113. ISSN 0077-7749. Bibcode: 2007NJGPA.243..113W.
- ↑ Maisch, Michael W.; Matzke, Andreas T. (2019-01-01). "First record of a eusauropod (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) from the Upper Jurassic Qigu-Formation (southern Junggar Basin, China), and a reconsideration of Late Jurassic sauropod diversity in Xinjiang". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 291 (1): 109–117. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2019/0792. ISSN 0077-7749. Bibcode: 2019NJGPA.291..109M. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330758512.
- ↑ Maisch, Michael W.; Matzke, Andreas T. (2019-02-10). "First record of a eusauropod (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) from the Upper Jurassic Qigu-Formation (southern Junggar Basin, China), and a reconsideration of Late Jurassic sauropod diversity in Xinjiang" (in en). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 291 (1): 109–117. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2019/0792. ISSN 0077-7749. Bibcode: 2019NJGPA.291..109M. http://www.schweizerbart.de/papers/njgpa/detail/291/90381/First_record_of_a_eusauropod_Dinosauria_Sauropoda_?af=crossref.
- ↑ Wings, Oliver; Rabi, Márton; Schneider, Jörg W.; Schwermann, Leonie; Sun, Ge; Zhou, Chang-Fu; Joyce, Walter G. (2012), "An enormous Jurassic turtle bone bed from the Turpan Basin of Xinjiang, China", Naturwissenschaften 114 (11): 925–935, doi:10.1007/s00114-012-0974-5, PMID 23086389, Bibcode: 2012NW.....99..925W
- ↑ Gannon, Megan (October 31, 2012), Jurassic turtle graveyard found in China, https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jurassic-turtle-graveyard-found-in-china/
- ↑ Augustin, Felix J.; Matzke, Andreas T.; Maisch, Michael W.; Pfretzschner, Hans-Ulrich (2020-12-15). "A theropod dinosaur feeding site from the Upper Jurassic of the Junggar Basin, NW China" (in en). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 560. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109999. ISSN 0031-0182. Bibcode: 2020PPP...56009999A. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018220304442.
- ↑ Augustin, Felix J.; Matzke, Andreas T.; Maisch, Michael W.; Pfretzschner, Hans-Ulrich (July 2020). "First evidence of an ankylosaur (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from the Jurassic Qigu Formation (Junggar Basin, NW China) and the early fossil record of Ankylosauria" (in en). Geobios 61: S0016699520300504. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2020.06.005. Bibcode: 2020Geobi..61....1A.
- ↑ Maisch, Michael W.; Matzke, Andreas T. (2020-01-01). "Small theropod teeth (Dinosauria) from the Upper Jurassic Qigu Formation of the southern Junggar Basin, NW China". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 295 (1): 91–100. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2020/0869. Bibcode: 2020NJGPA.295...91M. https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/schweiz/njbgeol/2020/00000295/00000001/art00007;jsessionid=49sglubr316p1.x-ic-live-02.
- ↑ Qigu Formation at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Thomas Martin; Alexander O. Averianov; Hans-Ulrich Pfretzschner (2010). "Mammals from the Late Jurassic Qigu Formation in the Southern Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, Northwest China". Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 90 (3): 295–319. doi:10.1007/s12549-010-0030-4. Bibcode: 2010PdPe...90..295M.
Bibliography
- Weishampel, David B., ed (2004). The Dinosauria (2nd ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-24209-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=vtZFDb_iw40C. Retrieved 2019-02-21.
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