Engineering:Alfa Romeo 155

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Alfa Romeo 155
Alfa Romeo 155 Q4 1995 (28544647617).jpg
Alfa Romeo 155 Q4 with aftermarket wheels
Overview
ManufacturerAlfa Romeo
Production1992–1998
195,526 produced[1]
AssemblyItaly: Pomigliano d'Arco plant, Campania[2]
DesignerErcole Spada at I.DE.A Institute[3]
Body and chassis
ClassCompact executive car (D)
Body style4-door saloon
LayoutFront-engine, front-wheel-drive / four-wheel-drive
PlatformType Three platform (Tipo Tre)[4]
Related
Powertrain
Engine
  • Petrol:
    1.7 L TS 8V I4
  • 1.8 L TS 8V I4
  • 2.0 L TS 8V I4
  • 1.6 L TS 16V I4
  • 1.8 L TS 16V I4
  • 2.0 L TS 16V I4
  • 2.0 L 16V turbocharged I4
  • 2.5 L 12V V6
  • Diesel:
    2.0 L TD I4
  • 2.5 L VM 425 OHV TD I4
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,540 mm (100.0 in)
Length4,443 mm (174.9 in)
Width1,700–1,730 mm (66.9–68.1 in)
Height1,440 mm (56.7 in)
|uk|Kerb|Curb}} weight1,195–1,430 kg (2,635–3,153 lb)
Chronology
PredecessorAlfa Romeo 75
SuccessorAlfa Romeo 156

The Alfa Romeo 155 (Type 167) is a compact executive car produced by Italian automobile manufacturer Alfa Romeo between 1992 and 1998. It was unveiled in January 1992 at Barcelona, with the first public launch in March 1992, at the Geneva Motor Show. A total of 195,526[1] units were made before it was replaced by the 156.

Design

Rear view

Developed to replace the 75 and based on the parent company Fiat Group's Type Three platform, the 155 was somewhat larger in dimension than the 75 and had evolved styling from that of its predecessor. The 155 was designed by Italian design house I.DE.A Institute. An exceptional drag coefficient of 0.29 was achieved with the body design. The boxy design of the 155 allowed for a big boot space 525 L (115 imp gal; 139 US gal).[5]

The most significant technical change from the 75 was the switch to a front-wheel drive layout. A four-wheel-drive model called the 155 Q4 was also available, which had a 2.0-litre (120 in3) turbocharged engine and a permanent four-wheel drive powertrain, both derived from the Lancia Delta Integrale; it was essentially a Lancia Delta Integrale with a different body.[6]

The new model came in "Sport" and "Super" trims. The Sport had a slightly lowered ride height and more aggressive dampers while the Super had the option of wooden trim and electronically controlled dampers and seat controls.

Reception of the 155 was generally lukewarm. The 75 had been conceived prior to Fiat's acquisition of the Alfa brand, so as the last independent Alfa Romeo automobile made it cast a shadow over the 155; the loss of rear-wheel drive was frequently cited as the main cause of disappointment.[7][8] Nevertheless, the 155 was entered in Touring Car racing and was very successful in every major championship it entered, which gradually improved its image.

The 155 received a facelift in 1995 and changes included a wider body as well as a wider track and revised steering based on Alfa Romeo's racing experience. The facelift also brought in new 16 valve engines for the 1.8 and 2.0 litre models, whilst retaining the 2.5 litre V6 and making some improvements to cabin materials and build quality.

A 155

There were several Sport Packs available, including a race inspired body kit (spoiler and side skirts) and black or graphite coloured 16 inch Speedline wheels. The luxury oriented Super trim came with wood inserts in the cabin and silver-painted alloy wheels.

The 155 was never produced in the Sportwagon bodystyle (Alfa Romeo's term for an estate or station wagon), but Sbarro made a proposal for such a model in 1994 which was not put into production.[9]

Production of the 155 ceased in 1998, when it was replaced by the 156, which was a further development in terms of quality and refinement, and finally moved away from the wedge styling — leaving the 155 as the pinnacle of that particular design stream which dated back to 1977, with the dramatic squared-off styling of the Giulietta Nuova.

Timeline

  • 1992 – 155 launched
  • 1993 – Grille design changed from “flushed” to “recessed”
  • 1994 – 155 1.8 T.Spark Silverstone introduced to the United Kingdom market, 155 Q4 and turbodiesels to some markets
  • 1995 – New "widebody" series 2 155 launched with wider track and quick rack steering wheel, initially only available with 2.0 L 16v engine
  • 1996/6 – Widebody with 1.6 L 16v and 1.8 L 16v engines introduced
  • 1998 – Production ends
Alfa Romeo 155 production[10]
Model Units
ALFA 155 1.6 8,333
ALFA 155 1.7 36,359
ALFA 155 1.8 67,774
ALFA 155 1.8 Silverstone/Formula 2,500
ALFA 155 1.8 8v Sport 2,500
ALFA 155 2.0 38,719
ALFA 155 2.0 8v S.S.Elegante 2,500
ALFA 155 2.5 7,198
ALFA 155 2.0 TD 15,652
ALFA 155 2.0 Q4 2,591
ALFA 155 2.0 Q4 (1995/1997) 110
ALFA 155 2.5 TD 11,290
Total 195,526

Specifications and special editions

The 155 was initially available with 1.7 L Twin Spark, 1.8 L Twin Spark, and 2.0 L Twin Spark petrol engines, the latter two were equipped with variable valve timing. The 1.7 L was not sold in the United Kingdom .

Two four cylinder turbocharged diesel engines, a Fiat derived 1.9 L (92 PS (68 kW; 91 hp)) and a VM Motori[11] 2.5 L (125 PS (92 kW; 123 hp)) were available in some markets, except for the United Kingdom.

At the top of the 155 range were the 2.5 L V6, using a 166 PS (122 kW; 164 hp) engine derived from the 3.0 L V6 used in the larger 164, and the Q4 which used a drivetrain derived from the Lancia Delta Integrale which meant a 190 PS (140 kW; 190 hp) 2.0 L 16V turbocharged engine and permanent four-wheel drive.

The Q4 also incorporated three differential gears (normal at the front, epicyclic at the centre (including a Ferguson viscous coupling) and Torsen self-locking at the rear).[12] Both the 2.5 V6 and Q4 models were also available with electronically adjustable suspension with two damper settings (automatic and sport).

155 Silverstone Edition

The most notable special edition was the "Silverstone" edition released in the United Kingdom which was known as the "Formula" in Europe: this was intended as a homologation exercise to allow Alfa Romeo to compete in the British Touring Car Championship race series and consequently came with a bolt on aero kit, consisting of an adjustable rear spoiler and extendable front air splitter.[13] These changes caused controversy during the 1994 BTCC as it was seen as an unfair advantage to many, and after missing 2 races Alfa Romeo were forced to remove the aero kit from the car to finish the championship. [14]

The Silverstone was a lighter but no more powerful version of the 1.8 L, even though the race car it was homologating had a 2.0 L engine. This anomaly came about because the 1.8 L engine block, with its narrower bore, allowed Alfa to use a longer stroke on the racing car and stay within the 2.0 L capacity limit.

The Silverstone was only available in either Alfa red or Black paintwork with plain, unpainted bumpers.

Facelift

Enlarged wheel arches after 1995
The Q4 version was the top of range model, fitted with 2 litre turbocharged straight-4 engine and four wheel drive system, the powertrain was borrowed from Lancia Delta Integrale.

In 1995, the 155 was given an extensive revamp, resulting in wider front and rear tracks with subtle enlargement to the wheel arches to accommodate the changes underneath.[15]

The revised car also received a quicker steering rack, with 2.2 turns lock-to-lock (initially only on the 2.0 litre model, but later followed by the 1.8 litre). The four cylinder cars retained the twin spark ignition system but received the Alfa Romeo designed 16 valve cylinder heads with belt driven camshafts based on engine blocks of Fiat design. They replaced the elderly 8 valve, chain driven camshaft motors of the earlier models.

The 2.5 L V6 engine continued in wide body form (but without the steering changes) while the Q4 was discontinued. In Europe, the 1.7 L Twin Spark was replaced by a 1.6 L 16 valve Twin Spark. Some 8 valve engines continued in series 2 cars in some markets. The wide bodied cars also received revised interiors and equipment specifications to keep the cars competitive in the market.

The wide body ("Series 2") 155s can be distinguished from their earlier counterparts by their flared front and smooth rear wheel arches (the latter replacing the lip round the wheel arch of the original). They also sported round or oblong indicator side-repeaters and had their model badges moved below the rear lights rather than having them above.

Engines

Model Type Family Displacement Power Torque 0–100 km/h
0–62 mph 		Top speed Note
Petrol engines
1.7 8V I4 Alfa Twin Spark 1,749 cc (106.7 cu in) 84 kW (115 PS) at 6,000 rpm 146 N⋅m (108 lb⋅ft) at 3,500 rpm 10.6 s 191 km/h (119 mph)
1.8 8V I4 Alfa Twin Spark 1,773 cc (108.2 cu in) 98 kW (129 PS) at 6,000 rpm 165 N⋅m (122 lb⋅ft) at 5,000 rpm 10.3 s 200 km/h (124 mph)
2.0 8V I4 Alfa Twin Spark 1,995 cc (121.7 cu in) 104 kW (143 PS) at 6,000 rpm 187 N⋅m (138 lb⋅ft) at 5,000 rpm 9.3 s 205 km/h (127 mph)
2.5 V6 V6 Alfa 'Busso' V6 2,492 cc (152.1 cu in) 120 kW (166 PS) at 5,800 rpm 216 N⋅m (159 lb⋅ft) at 4,500 rpm 8.4 s 215 km/h (134 mph)
Q4 I4 Fiat Twin Cam 1,995 cc (121.7 cu in) 137 kW (190 PS) at 6,000 rpm 291 N⋅m (215 lb⋅ft) at 2,500 rpm 7.0 s 225 km/h (140 mph)
1.6 16V I4 Alfa Twin Spark 1,598 cc (97.5 cu in) 88 kW (120 PS) at 6,300 rpm 144 N⋅m (106 lb⋅ft) at 4,500 rpm 11.4 s 195 km/h (121 mph) since 1995
1.8 16V I4 Alfa Twin Spark 1,747 cc (106.6 cu in) 103 kW (140 PS) at 6,300 rpm 165 N⋅m (122 lb⋅ft) at 4,000 rpm 10.0 s 205 km/h (127 mph) since 1995
2.0 16V I4 Alfa Twin Spark 1,970 cc (120 cu in) 110 kW (150 PS) at 6,200 rpm 187 N⋅m (138 lb⋅ft) at 4,000 rpm 9.0 s 210 km/h (130 mph) since 1995
Diesel engines
2.0 TD I4 1,929 cc (117.7 cu in) 66 kW (90 PS) at 4,100 rpm 186 N⋅m (137 lb⋅ft) at 2,500 rpm 13.5 s 180 km/h (112 mph)
2.5 TD I4 2,500 cc (150 cu in) 92 kW (125 PS) at 4,200 rpm 294 N⋅m (217 lb⋅ft) at 2,000 rpm 10.4 s 195 km/h (121 mph)

155 GTA Stradale

155 GTA Stradale

In 1992, Alfa Romeo on the wake of the wins obtained by the 155 GTA in the Italian CIVT championship, decided to start the production of a "Stradale" version to be manufactured at the Abarth workshop. The car was displayed at Bologna Motor Show and being used at Monza GP d'Italia as safety car.

Designed by Abarth engineer Sergio Limone, the Stradale used the 155 Q4 as a base using its drivetrain and four-wheel drive system. The interior was stripped of some creature comforts and the car was fitted with a race inspired body kit with a large rear spoiler. Only one unit was made before the project was abandoned due to high manufacturing costs.[16][17]

155 TI.Z and GTAZ

External image
155 TI.Z

Two special editions of the 155 were made by Zagato. In 1993, the 155 TI.Z was introduced,[18] followed by the 155 GTAZ in 1995.[19] Both models had more muscular looking exterior and increased power than the standard 155, the TI.Z had the 170 PS (125 kW; 168 hp) Twin Spark engine and GTAZ had the 155 Q4's turbocharged two litre engine now rated at 215 PS (158 kW; 212 hp). Both models were built only in limited numbers and many of the cars were sent to Japan.[20]

Motorsport

The 155 was very successful in touring car racing, using the Supertouring-homologated GTA and the V6 TI for the DTM. Between 1992 and 1994, the 155 managed to take the Italian Superturismo Championship, the Germany DTM championship (both with Nicola Larini at the wheel), the Spanish Touring Car Championship (with Adrián Campos), and the British Touring Car Championship (with Gabriele Tarquini).

The 155 remained competitive until it was replaced with the 156, finishing third in the DTM (then known as the International Touring Car Championship, or ITC) in 1996 with Alessandro Nannini and winning the Spanish championship again in 1997 with Fabrizio Giovanardi. In 1993, Larini in an Alfa 155 placed second in the FIA Touring Car Challenge behind Paul Radisich in a Ford Mondeo. The 156 was to continue the high standard set by the 155, winning the European Touring Car Championship multiple times.

155 V6 TI

The Alfa Romeo 155 V6 TI was a FIA Class 1 touring car that Alfa Corse raced from 1993 to 1996 in the Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft and the subsequent International Touring Car Championship. A naturally-aspirated high-revving 2.5 L 60° V6 engine was coupled to a four wheel drive system, rated at 426 PS (313 kW; 420 hp) at 11,500 rpm.[21][22][23][24][25][26][27]

Alfa Corse entered two 155 V6 TIs for works drivers Alessandro Nannini and Nicola Larini; the 1993 season was dominated by Larini winning 11 of 22 races.[28]

In 1994, the rivals from Mercedes seemed to have the advantage, but Alfa did manage to win a further eleven races. A more consistent performance from the Germans gave them the title. Since the 1995 season, the team got new sponsorship livery from Martini Racing.

The 1996 version had a 2.5 L naturally-aspirated 90° V6 engine based on the PRV engine[29][30] rated at 490 PS (360 kW; 483 hp) at 11,900 rpm. The car has a top speed of around 300 km/h (190 mph) and weighed 1,060 kilograms (2,340 lb).[31][32][33][34][35][36]

The Alfa 155 V6 TI has a record of 38 wins (plus 3 other non championship races). The victories were obtained by seven different drivers: 17 (+1) Nicola Larini, 13 (+1) Alessandro Nannini, 2 Stefano Modena, 2 (+1) Christian Danner, 2 Michael Bartels, 1 Kris Nissen and 1 Gabriele Tarquini.

  • The 155 2.0 TS of Derek Warwick at Brands Hatch, 1995

  • Rear view of Alfa Romeo 155 GTA

  • 1993 DTM winner car, Nicola Larini's 155 V6 TI.

  • Alfa Romeo 155 V6 TI DTM 1996 in the National Automobile Museum of Turin

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "The 20 best-selling cars of the biscione". https://www.quattroruote.it/news/curiosita/2020/12/22/alfa_romeo_le_20_auto_piu_vendute_nella_storia_del_biscione_foto_gallery.html?wtk14=a. 
  2. ↑ "The Company". alfaromeo.com.. https://www.alfaromeo.com/history. 
  3. ↑ Chris Koopmann. "Ercole Spada". zagato-cars.com. http://www.zagato-cars.com/contents/en-us/d562_Ercole_Spada.html. 
  4. ↑ "Fiat Type platform". Fiat-tipo-portugal.com. http://fiat-tipo-portugal.com/curiosidades.htm#TDUE. 
  5. ↑ "Technical specifications". daiblack.f2s.com. http://www.daiblack.f2s.com/alfa155com/Technical/tech-specifications.html. 
  6. ↑ (in en) Alfa Romeo 155 Q4 Test - Top Gear, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o42zPxnYLDI, retrieved 2020-05-07 
  7. ↑ "Alfa Romeo 155 (1992 - 1998) used car review". https://www.rac.co.uk/drive/car-reviews/alfa-romeo/155/155-1992-1998/. 
  8. ↑ "1992 Alfa Romeo 155 | Hagerty – Classic Car Price Guide". https://www.hagertyinsurance.co.uk/price-guide/1992-Alfa_Romeo-155. 
  9. ↑ "Alfa Romeo 155 Sport Wagon". espera-sbarro.com.fr. http://www.espera-sbarro.com.fr/modeles/1994/alfa_romeo_155/alfa_romeo_155_en.html. 
  10. ↑ "Production". Quattroruote.it. 22 December 2020. https://www.quattroruote.it/news/curiosita/2020/12/22/alfa_romeo_le_20_auto_piu_vendute_nella_storia_del_biscione_foto_gallery.html?wtk14=a/drupal/nl/Production. 
  11. ↑ "Alfa Romeo 155". vmmotori.it. http://www.vmmotori.it/en/01/02/01/dettaglio.jsp?id=25. [yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
  12. ↑ "New models". italiaspeed.com. http://www.italiaspeed.com/new_models/new_models_2004/crosswagon/history.html. 
  13. ↑ "SOTW: Alfa Romeo 155 Silverstone | PistonHeads". https://www.pistonheads.com/news/ph-features-sheds/sotw-alfa-romeo-155-silverstone/21305. 
  14. ↑ 1990sBTCC (2021-12-26). "Interview with Alfa Romeo Star – Giampiero Simoni" (in en-US). https://1990sbtcc.com/2021/12/26/interview-with-alfa-romeo-star-giampiero-simoni/. 
  15. ↑ "Alfa 155". www.alfaromeo.com. http://www.alfaromeo.com/cgi-bin/pbrand.dll/ALFAROMEO_COM/history/history.jsp?BV_SessionID=@@@@0370253775.1186245294@@@@&BV_EngineID=ccceaddljdekgdfcefecejgdfiidgnk.0&categoryOID=-1073750523&contentOID=1073793975. [yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
  16. ↑ "Why you need to buy this Alfa Romeo 155 GTA Stradale" (in en). 2018-10-09. https://www.topgear.com/car-news/classic/why-you-need-buy-alfa-romeo-155-gta-stradale. 
  17. ↑ "The Alfa Romeo 155 GTA Stradale Was Italy's Answer To The BMW M3" (in en-us). 2018-10-11. https://carbuzz.com/news/the-alfa-romeo-155-gta-stradale-was-italy-s-answer-to-the-bmw-m3. 
  18. ↑ "155Ti.Z". 246g.com. http://www.246g.com/155tiz/index.html. 
  19. ↑ "The List". zagato.it. http://www.zagato.it/uklistzc.htm. 
  20. ↑ "Alfa Romeo 155 Zagato" (in fr). leblogauto.com. http://www.leblogauto.com/2007/02/tiroirs-de-l%E2%80%99insolite-alfa-romeo-155-zagato.html. 
  21. ↑ "1993 - 1996 Alfa Romeo 155 V6 TI DTM Specifications". https://www.ultimatecarpage.com/spec/756/Alfa-Romeo-155-V6-TI-DTM.html. 
  22. ↑ "1993 - 1996 Alfa Romeo 155 V6 TI DTM - Images, Specifications and Information". https://www.ultimatecarpage.com/car/756/Alfa-Romeo-155-V6-TI-DTM.html. 
  23. ↑ "Alfa Romeo 155 2.5 V6 TI". https://www.fcaheritage.com/en-uk/heritage/stories/alfa-romeo-155v6. 
  24. ↑ "Alfa Romeo 155 V6 TI DTM". 30 September 2020. https://www.collierautomedia.com/alfa-romeo-155-v6-ti-dtm. 
  25. ↑ "For Sale: An Alfa Romeo 155 V6 TI – A 490 BHP 1990s Touring Car Icon". 11 June 2021. https://silodrome.com/alfa-romeo-155-ti-touring-car/. 
  26. ↑ "Going for DTM glory with Jägermeister Racing's Alfa Romeo 155 V6 Ti". https://www.classicdriver.com/en/article/cars/going-dtm-glory-jagermeister-racings-alfa-romeo-155-v6-ti. 
  27. ↑ "AutoItalia Magazine, October 2017". https://porschecarshistory.com/wp-content/old/lib/magazines/AI/2017/AutoItaliaOctober2017.pdf. 
  28. ↑ "Nicola Larini". driverdb.com. http://www.driverdb.com/racingdriver432.html. 
  29. ↑ YouTube: Limone Racconta: La verità sul motore Alfa 155 V6 Ti + 156 e Fulvia Concept - Davide Cironi (SUBS) - YouTube, accessdate: 26. July 2018
  30. ↑ Collins, Peter (2012). Alfa Romeo 155/156/147 Competition Touring Cars. Dorset, England: Veloce Publishing. pp. 91–94. ISBN:978-1-845843-42-7.
  31. ↑ "Alfa Romeo 155 V6 TI". museoauto.it. http://www.museoauto.it/website/en/collezione/23-alfa-romeo/24-alfa-romeo-mod-155-v6-ti-. 
  32. ↑ "Italy's Greatest Touring Car: Experiencing the Alfa Romeo 155 V6 TI DTM High in the Swiss Alps". October 2021. https://petrolicious.com/articles/italys-greatest-touring-car-experiencing-the-alfa-romeo-155-v6-ti-dtm-high-in-the-swiss-alps. 
  33. ↑ "Wild Alfa 155 V6 TI Race Car Lets You Live Out Your DTM Dreams". https://www.motor1.com/news/554299/alfa-romeo-155-v6-auction/. 
  34. ↑ "This Celebrated Nicola Larini-Driven 1996 Alfa Romeo 155 V6 TI ITC is Headed for Auction". 2 June 2021. https://hypebeast.com/2021/6/nicola-larini-1996-alfa-romeo-155-v6-ti-itc-dtm-touring-car-auction. 
  35. ↑ "1996 Alfa Romeo 155 V6 TI ITC | Milan 2021". https://rmsothebys.com/en/auctions/mi21/milan/lots/r0014-1996-alfa-romeo-155-v6-ti-itc/1097324. 
  36. ↑ "Invelt - Alfa Romeo 155 DTM - invelt Rallied & Raced". http://www.inveltclassic.com/eng/road/alfa_romeo_155_dtm. 

External links



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