Engineering:Audi straight-five engine

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An Audi R5 2.3 L SOHC 10V I5 engine in a 1988 Audi 80 quattro

The Audi straight-five engine is a series of four-stroke SOHC and DOHC five-cylinder engines, designed, developed and produced by German manufacturer Audi for over 45 consecutive years, since 1976.[1][2][3] The engines have also been used in various Volkswagen models, as part of the VAG partnership, as well as Volvo using a few of these engines in their diesel model cars.[4][5][6]

History

Diesel engines

In 1978, the Audi 2.0 R5 D engine was introduced in the Audi 100 sedan. In 1983, a turbocharged version was introduced, initially for the U.S. market Audi 100. Several Volvo cars, from March 1996 to 2001, were produced with Audi straight-five diesel engines, prior to the introduction of the Volvo D5 turbo-diesel engine; this engine was produced from 2001 to 2017 and was used in several diesel hybrid applications (marketed as "twin engine" models).[7][8]

The Volkswagen Group's first TDI engine was introduced in the 1989 Audi 100 TDI sedan.[9][10] The Audi 100 was powered by the Volkswagen 2.5 R5 TDI straight-five engine which used an electronic distributor injection pump (called "VerteilerPumpe" by Volkswagen) and two-stage direct injection. The initial version of this engine generated 88 kW (118 hp) at 3,250 rpm and 275 N⋅m (203 lb⋅ft) at 2,500 rpm.

Gasoline engines

The first production straight-five petrol engine was the Audi 2.1 R5 introduced in the Audi 100 in 1977.[11][12] Audi has continued use of straight-five petrol engines (in both naturally aspirated and turbocharged versions) to the present day. The Audi TT RS and Audi RS3 currently use straight-five engines. In motorsport, the first car to use a straight-five engine was the Audi Quattro rally car;[13] other racing cars which used straight-five engines include the 1985-1986 Audi Sport Quattro E2 and the 1989 Audi 90 Quattro IMSA GTO.[14][15][16][17] For the year 1987 factory team tested a 1000 hp version of the inline-5 powered Audi S1 Sport Quattro.[18]

Several Volkswagen-branded straight-five engines have been produced, beginning with the Volkswagen WH/WN 1.9 litre 10v engine used in the 1981 Volkswagen Passat. The final Volkswagen straight-five petrol engine was the Volkswagen EA855 2.5 litre 20v engine used in the North American Passat models until 2014.[19][20]

References

  1. ↑ "Audi 5 Cylinder Engines. Since 1976 Audi Have Made It A Cult Of It's [sic] Own". February 3, 2022. https://thejalopy.com/audi-5-cylinder-engines/. 
  2. ↑ Acosta, Greg (August 6, 2021). "Audi's Inline 5 Cylinder Engine Celebrates 45 Years Of Production". https://www.enginelabs.com/news/audis-inline-5-cylinder-engine-celebrates-45-years-of-production/. 
  3. ↑ "2.5 TFSI: Audi's Most Powerful Series Five-Cylinder". September 30, 2021. https://audiclubna.org/2-5-tfsi-audis-most-powerful-series-five-cylinder/. 
  4. ↑ "40 years of Audi five-cylinder engines". https://www.audi-mediacenter.com:443/en/press-releases/40-years-of-audi-five-cylinder-engines-6616. 
  5. ↑ "Powerhouses: five-cylinder engines at Audi". https://www.audi-mediacenter.com:443/en/press-releases/powerhouses-five-cylinder-engines-at-audi-14239. 
  6. ↑ Taylor, Cameron (August 18, 2021). "The Best Audi Engines Have Five Cylinders". https://www.motorbiscuit.com/best-audi-engines-five-cylinders/. 
  7. ↑ "V60_GBen". Ipaper.ipapercms.dk. http://ipaper.ipapercms.dk/Volvocars/GB/V60GBen/. 
  8. ↑ "History of the Volvo 5 Cylinder". 11 October 2017. https://www.matthewsvolvosite.com/history-volvo-5-cylinder/. 
  9. ↑ "8 Cars That Tell the History of Diesel in the U.S.". 13 April 2017. https://www.motorbiscuit.com/8-cars-that-tell-the-history-of-diesel-in-the-u-s/. 
  10. ↑ "History" (in en). https://www.audi-mediacenter.com/en/audi-at-a-glance-3757/history-3766. 
  11. ↑ "The five-cylinder model from Audi". https://www.audi-mediacenter.com:443/en/the-audi-tt-rs-2924/the-five-cylinder-model-from-audi-2959. 
  12. ↑ "Straight five Cylinder engine". https://motor-car.net/innovation/engine-components/item/13732-straight-five-cylinder-engine. 
  13. ↑ Graham Robson (2008-06-15). Audi Quattro. p. 12. ISBN 9781845841416. https://books.google.com/books?id=3r114-3gRuAC&pg=PA12. 
  14. ↑ "Audi 90 quattro IMSA-GTO". http://www.classicdriver.com/de/article/audi-90-quattro-imsa-gto. 
  15. ↑ "Detailed specs review of 1989 Audi 90 Quattro IMSA-GTO model for North America racing/rallye". http://www.automobile-catalog.com/car/1989/1588910/audi_90_quattro_imsa-gto.html. 
  16. ↑ "ableitet.no - Audi 90 IMSA GTO". http://www.ableitet.no/mod/audi-90-imsa-gto_en.htm. 
  17. ↑ "Retrospective>> Quattro Firepower: The Imsa Audi 90 Gto - Speedhunters". 26 May 2009. http://www.speedhunters.com/2009/05/retrospective_gt_gt_quattro_firepower_the_imsa_audi_90_gto/. 
  18. ↑ "Secret Rally Car: Audi Group S Prototype". http://www.thesmokingtire.com/2012/secret-rally-car-audi-group-s-prototype/. 
  19. ↑ "2014 Volkswagen Passat". https://www.cars.com/research/volkswagen-passat-2014/. 
  20. ↑ George, Jeo (July 9, 2022). "Why We Love Audi's EA855 Five-Cylinder Engine: A Look Back At Its Legacy". https://www.hotcars.com/why-we-love-audis-ea855-five-cylinder-engine-a-look-back-at-its-legacy/. 



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