Engineering:Dauntless (ship, 1866)

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Short description: Schooner Yacht
Schooner Dauntless-2.jpg
Schooner Yacht Dauntless
History
Union Navy JackUnited States
Name: Dauntless
Owner:
  • S. Dexter Bradford
  • James Gordon Bennett Jr.
Operator:
  • James Gordon Bennett Jr.
  • Samuel S. Samuels
Builder: Forsyth & Morgan
Cost: $80,000
Launched: June 1866
Christened: Spring 1867
Renamed: From L'Hirondelle to Dauntless
Fate: Broken up
General characteristics
Class and type: Schooner
Type: keel yacht
Displacement: 255 tonnage burden
Length: 114 ft 0 in (34.75 m) on deck
Beam: 25 ft 8 in (7.82 m)
Depth: 10 ft 2 in (3.10 m)
Propulsion: schooner sail
Sail plan:
  • 83.7 ft 7 in (25.69 m) foremast
  • 63.7 ft 0 in (19.42 m) mainboom
  • 6,000 sq ft (560 m2) sail area

The Dauntless was a 19th-century wooden yacht schooner, designed and built in 1866 by Forsyth & Morgan at Mystic Bridge, Connecticut, and owned and sailed by noted yachtsmen, among them James Gordon Bennett Jr. and Caldwell Hart Colt. She was first called the L'Hirondelle and later renamed the Dauntless. The Dauntless was in three Trans-Atlantic matches for the New York Yacht Club. She came in fourth in an unsuccessful America’s Cup defense in 1870.

Construction and service

Painting of the yacht Yacht L'Hirondelle by James E. Buttersworth.

The 97-foot keel sloop schooner L'Hirondelle was designed by J.B Van Deusen and built in May 1866 by the Forsyth & Morgan shipyard in Mystic Bridge, Connecticut for S. Dexter Bradford, Jr., of Newport, Rhode Island. Her dimensions were 114 feet length overall; 25.8 in beam, 10.2 in depth, and 255 tons burden. Her foremast was 83.7 feet; mainboom 63 feet. She had 4 galvanized iron water tanks.[1]

On October 31, 1866, the L'Hirondelle was in her first race with the yacht Vesta, owned by Pierre Lorillard. The course was from Sandy Hook Lightship and they sailed 20 miles windward and back. The L'Hirondelle won the race.[2]

Photograph of the schooner Dauntless by John S. Johnston.

In April 1867, James Gordon Bennett Jr., vice-president of the New York Yacht Club, purchased the yacht L'Hirondelle for $75,000 from Bradford.[3][4] In May 1867, Bennett refitted the L'Hirondelle and change her name to the Dauntless.[5] She was rebuilt and rigged as a schooner. Bennett added 23 feet to her length. Her new dimensions changed to 121 feet; 25-foot beam and 299-tons.[6][7]

In June 1867, Bennett entered the Dauntless in the annual June New York Yacht Club regatta. She raced against the Magic, Phantom, Widgeon, Vesta, and other schooners and sloops. The course was from Owl's Head to the Sandy Hook Light and back.[5] The schooner Phantom came in 1st place at 5hr. 40min, and 57 secs; the Magic 2nd place at 5hr. 48min, and 24 secs and the Dauntless 4th place at 6hr. 7min, and 12 secs.[8]

On June 28, 1869, the Dauntless left New York and sailed to Queenstown, Ireland on July 11. 1878 in 12 days 17 hours and 6 minutes.[9]

The America's Cup challenges

Sappho Leads Dauntless, 1870 by James E. Buttersworth.

On April 4, 1870, the Bennett's yacht, Dauntless sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to England with Bennett for an international ocean yacht race. In May 1870, Sappho won the race against James Lloyd Ashbury's English yacht Cambria. The Dauntless came in third place.[10] On July 4, 1870, the Bennett's yacht, Dauntless raced across the Atlantic Ocean from Ireland to New York in challenge the English yacht Cambria.[11] Cambria won the race by arriving first off Sandy Hook lightship in 23 days 5 hours and 17 minutes; 1 hour 43 minutes ahead of Dauntless.[12]

Bennett made an unsuccessful challenge for the first race for the 1870 America's Cup, held since 1851 by the New York Yacht Club. Bennett's first challenge was on August 8, 1870, with his yacht Dauntless, with "Bully" Samuels at the helm. The Dauntless faced 14 yachts of the New York Yacht Club. The course was from Daunt's Rock, off Queenstown, to the America's Sandy Hook lightship. The race was won by the Franklin Osgood's Magic with the Dauntless finishing in fifth place.[13][14][15]

The Dauntless was in the July 1871 New York Yacht Club's Cape May Regatta. She came in second place over the Sappho. Other boats in the race included the yachts: Franklin Osgood's Columbia, Gracie, and Dauntless.[16]

In October 1871, there was a second America's Cup. The rules for the race stated that the "first yacht to win four races would be the victor." As result, the Franklin Osgood's Columbia, skippered by Andrew J. Comstock, won the first two races. Livonia won the third race. The yacht Sappho was chosen to replace the Columbia that was damaged from the second and third race. The Dauntless defeated the Livonia in the race for a Fifty Guinea Cup.[17] The Sappho won the final race to win America's Cup for the New York Yacht Club.[18][19]

Dauntless sold

On May 15, 1879, the Dauntless was sold to John R. Waller, of the N.Y.Y.C, who owned the sloop Gracie. He had her for 3 years before Captain Caldwell H. Colt bought her in 1882.[20][21]

Captain Samuel Samuels was on Caldwell H. Colt's yacht Dauntless in the March 5, 1887 transatlantic ocean yacht race with the R. T. Bush's yacht Coronet. Each yachtsmen put up $10,000 for the race. The course was from Owl's Head to Roche's Point, Cork Harbour, Ireland, with the New York Yacht Club was in charge of the race. The Royal Cork Yacht Club judged the race. The Coronet won the race.[22][23][24]

On August 8, 1892, the Dauntless was in the Morgan Cup for schooners at the New York Yacht Club's annual race. The course was around Cape Cod from Martha's Vineyard. She won the keel-schooner prize.[25]

End of service

In 1902, the Dauntless was moved to Essex, Connecticut on the condition that the schooner would never sail again. She was leased to a New York sportsman to serve as a hunting lodge. It was then transformed into a houseboat and became a mainstay of the town's waterfront. In the winter of 1915, she sank at her moorings into the Connecticut River. It was raised and towed by Captain Thomas Scott to his boatyard, where it was broken up, put on a train, and shipped to Wisconsin for firewood. The Dauntless name became part of the towns legend and lore.[6]

Legacy

Good Shepherd Parish House, Hartford, Connecticut.

Dauntless will be remembered for her transatlantic trips and her America's Cup challenges. The Caldwell Hart Colt Memorial Hall was presented to the Church of the Good Shepherd by Mrs. Elizabeth Colt, as a memorial her son.[26] One of the more prominent features on the second floor is an alcove memorial to Caldwell. This memorial features two brass cannons, which the vessel carried and the ship's bell. A large painting of Commodore Colt standing on the deck of the Dauntless near the wheel. In addition, the Dauntless Club at Essex is named after the famous vessel.[27]

References

  1. ↑ "The Yachting Season.". New York Daily Herald. 27 May 1866. p. 8. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79395613/lhirondelle/. 
  2. ↑ "Yacht Race.". Buffalo Courier (New York, New York): p. 7. 17 Oct 1866. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79463904/race/. 
  3. ↑ "Literary And Personal.". The Buffalo Commercial (Buffalo, New York): p. 1. 14 Apr 1867. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79464415/purchased/. 
  4. ↑ "The International Match.". New-York Tribune (New York, New York): p. 8. 24 Apr 1867. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79464601/75000/. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Topics of To-Day.". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle (Brooklyn, New York): p. 2. 1 May 1867. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79465008/dauntless/. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Griswold, Wick; Major, Ruth (5 October 2020). Connecticut River Shipbuilding. Arcadia. p. 143. ISBN 9781439670491. https://books.google.com/books?id=4ljcDwAAQBAJ. Retrieved 2021-06-11. 
  7. ↑ "Sketch of the Dauntless.". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle (Brooklyn, New York): p. 2. 28 Jul 1870. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79465567/rebuilt/. 
  8. ↑ "Yachting. Annual Regatta of the New York Yacht Club.". New York Daily Herald (New York, New York): p. 7. 14 Jun 1867. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79467313/result/. 
  9. ↑ "THE YACHT DAUNTLESS OF NEW YORK". Mariners' Museum and Park. https://catalogs.marinersmuseum.org/object/CL30147. 
  10. ↑ "The International Yacht Race.". The Pall Mall Gazette (London, Greater London, England): p. 8. 11 May 1870. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79489616/international/. 
  11. ↑ "The Transocean Yacht Race. The Dauntless and Cambria Started July the Fourth.". The New York Herald: p. 4. 5 July 1870. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79490291/yacht-race/. 
  12. ↑ "the Optimist.". Pittston Gazette. 4 Aug 1870. p. 2. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79491584/cambria/. Retrieved 2021-06-13. 
  13. ↑ "St. Louis Represented in America-to-Spain Yacht Race". St. Louis Post-Dispatch (St. Louis, Missouri): p. 81. 27 May 1928. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79578995/samuels/. 
  14. ↑ "Yachting. Official Announcement of the Result of the great Race.". The New York Herald (New York, New York): p. 4. 11 Aug 1870. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79492871/americas-cup/. 
  15. ↑ "The Yachts and the Coming Race; Visiting the Cambria, Dauntless and America--Arrangements for the Great Race on Monday Next--The Entries--The Course, &c.". The New York Times. 4 August 1870. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1870/08/04/83468841.pdf. 
  16. ↑ "Cape May Regatta. Successful Accomplishment of the Programme.". The New York Times (New York, New York): p. 1. 6 Jul 1871. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79582678/regatta/. 
  17. ↑ "The Leeds Mercury.". Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. 27 Oct 1871. p. 2. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79583438/fifty-guinea-cup/. 
  18. ↑ "COLUMBIA 1871". america-scoop.com. http://www.america-scoop.com/index.php/en/1871-2/columbia. 
  19. ↑ Kelley, James Douglas Jerrold (1884). American Yachts Their Clubs and Races. p. 277. https://books.google.com/books?id=MG3XnCstq1MC&dq=%22Columbia%22+yacht+Deusen&pg=PA276. Retrieved 2021-06-06. 
  20. ↑ Griswold, Wick; Major, Ruth (5 October 2020). Connecticut River Shipbuilding. Arcadia. ISBN 9781439670491. https://books.google.com/books?id=4ljcDwAAQBAJ. Retrieved 2021-06-07. 
  21. ↑ "Mr. Bennett's Dauntless Sold". The Sun. 15 May 1879. p. 2. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79581266/sold/. 
  22. ↑ "The Ocean Yacht Race. The Dautless and Coronet To Start On March 5.". The New York Times (New York, New York): p. 2. 17 Feb 1887. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79547108/ocean-race/. Retrieved 2021-06-14. 
  23. ↑ "Trip of the Dauntless.". Democrat and Chronicle (Rochester, New York): p. 1. 9 Apr 1887. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79548659/samuels/. Retrieved 2021-06-14. 
  24. ↑ "Coronet". Ships of the World: An Historical Encyclopedia. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. 1997. pp. 123. ISBN 0-395-71556-3. https://archive.org/details/shipsofworldhist00pain/page/123. 
  25. ↑ "With Ballon Jibs Set. The Yacht Cruising Fleet Rounds Cape Cod.". The New York Times (New York, New York): p. 2. 9 Aug 1892. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79580011/morgan-cup/. Retrieved 2021-06-14. 
  26. ↑ National American Society (1914). Americana, American historical magazine. p. 894. https://books.google.com/books?id=wws7AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA894. Retrieved 20 December 2011. 
  27. ↑ "Noted Dauntless Yields To Storm.". Hartford Courant (Hartford, Connecticut): p. 13. 7 Feb 1915. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79611729/memorial/. Retrieved 2021-06-15. 

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