Engineering:Delfim-class submarine
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| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Name | Delfim-class submarine |
| Builders | Vickers-Armstrongs, Barrow-in-Furness, England |
| Operators |  Portuguese Navy |
| Preceded by | Foca class |
| Succeeded by | S class |
| Built | 1933–1935 |
| In commission | 1934-1950 |
| Completed | 3 |
| Retired | 3 |
| __1B0X_5H1P__ | class overview |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Submarine |
| Displacement | |
| Length | 69.23 m (227 ft 2 in) |
| Beam | 6.50 m (21 ft 4 in) |
| Draught | 3.86 m (12 ft 8 in) |
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed |
|
| Range | |
| Complement | 36 |
| Armament |
|
| Notes | SOURCE:[1] |
| __1B0X_5H1P__ | characteristics |
The Delfim-class submarines were a class of three submarines built in the United Kingdom for Portugal in the 1930s. They served in the Portuguese Navy between 1934 and 1950.
Design
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By the late 1920s, the Portuguese Navy had decommissioned its first submarine, Espadarte, and its remaining submarine force — which consisted of the three aging vessels of the Foca class — was in such poor material condition that its submarines no longer could operate except in protected coastal waters under controlled conditions.[2][3][4] To address the obsolescence and decreasing operability of its submarine force and replace the Foca-class submarines, the 1930 naval program designed by Minister of the Navy Contra-almirante (Counter Admiral) Luís Magalhães Correia included three new submarines of the Delfim class.
Vickers-Armstrongs designed the Delfim class as medium-sized patrol submarines. They were somewhat smaller than British submarines of the era but similar to them in appearance, except that the deck gun was housed in a fully enclosed gunhouse. The Delfim-class submarines were 69.23 metres (227 ft 2 in) long and had a beam of 6.50 metres (21 ft 4 in) and a draft of 3.86 metres (12 ft 8 in). They displaced 800 long tons (813 t) on the surface and 1,092 long tons (1,110 t) submerged.[1]
Two Vickers diesel engines producing a combined 2,300 bhp (1,715 kW) drove two screws and gave the Delfim-class submarines a top speed on the surface of 16.5 knots (30.6 km/h; 19.0 mph). Their two electric motors produced a combined 1,000 shp (746 kW) and gave them a maximum submerged speed of 9.25 knots (17.13 km/h; 10.64 mph). On the surface, they had a range of 2,000 nmi (2,300 mi; 3,700 km) at full speed and 5,000 nmi (5,800 mi; 9,300 km) at 10 knots (18.5 km/h; 11.5 mph). Submerged, their range was 8 nmi (9.2 mi; 15 km) at full speed and 110 nmi (127 mi; 204 km) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph).[1]
Each Delfim-class submarine had six 533 mm (21-inch) torpedo tubes, four in the bow and two in the stern. They carried 12 torpedoes, giving them one reload for each tube. Each submarine also had a 4-inch (102-mm) deck gun and two machine guns. The Delfim-class submarines had a crew of 36.[1]
Construction
The Vickers-Armstrongs shipyard at Barrow-in-Furness, England, built the submarines.[1] It laid down all three of them in March 1933[1] and delivered them to the Portuguese Navy between December 1934 and March 1935.
Delfim-class submarines
The Delfim-class submarines served in the Portuguese Navy from the mid-1930s until 1950, forming the 2nd Submarine Squadron. Although this included the World War II period (1939–1945), Portugal remained neutral during the war, limiting the submarines to patrol and training duties along the Portuguese coast during the conflict. They thus had fairly uneventful careers.
| Ship name | Builder | Laid down | Launched | Commissioned | Decommissioned | Fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delfim | Vickers-Armstrongs, Barrow-in-Furness, England |
9 March 1933 | 1 May 1934 | 16 December 1934 | 14 November 1950 | Stricken 29 May 1953; scrapped |
| Espadarte | 30 May 1934 | 24 January 1935 | Stricken 30 November 1954; scrapped | |||
| Golfinho | 30 May 1934 | 14 March 1935 | Stricken 1952; scrapped |
References
Citations
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Conway's 1922–1946 1980, p. 397.
- ↑ "Efeméride: Chegada ao Tejo dos submersíveis Foca, Golfinho e Hidra" (in pt). Marinha Portuguesa. https://www.marinha.pt/pt/media-center/efemerides/Paginas/Efemeride-Chegada-ao-Tejo-dos-submersiveis-Foca-Golfinho-e-Hidra-.aspx.
- ↑ "Efeméride: Submarino Delfim aumentado ao efetivo" (in pt). Direção Cultural da Marinha. 16 December 2021. https://cultura.marinha.pt/pt/museumarinha_web/multimedia_web/Paginas/efemeride-submarino-delfim-aumentado-efetivo.aspx.
- ↑ "Efeméride: Portugal recebe o submersível Espadarte" (in pt). Direção Cultural da Marinha. 24 January 2021. https://cultura.marinha.pt/pt/museumarinha_web/multimedia_web/Paginas/efemeride-portugal-recebe-submersivel-espadarte-24jan21.aspx.
- ↑ Lauret, p. 65.
- ↑ "Portaria n.º 13352" (in pt). Diário do Governo (Ministério da Marinha - Superintendência dos Serviços da Armada) (232/1950, Série I): 785. 14 November 1950. https://diariodarepublica.pt.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "cite archive".
Bibliography
- Chesneau, Roger, ed (1980). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. Greenwich, UK: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-146-7.
- Lauret, Pedro (2015) (in pt). A Marinha de Guerra Portuguesa - Do fim da II Guerra Mundial ao 25 de Abril de 1974. Vila do Conde: Verso da História. p. 41. ISBN 978-989-8657-96-1.
- Oliveira, Maurício de (1972) (in pt). Os Submarinos na Marinha Portuguesa. Lisbon: Sociedade Nacional de Tipografia.
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