Engineering:Grillo telephone

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Short description: 1960s flip phone telephone from Italy
Grillo telephone
Telefono automatico a batteria centrale (BCA) - Museo scienza tecnologia Milano D0953 02.jpg
Grillo telephone designed by Richard Sapper and Marco Zanuso
Inception1967
ManufacturerItaltel
Last production year1979
Grillo telephone designed by Richard Sapper and Marco Zanuso telephone (open, showing button dial)

The Grillo telephone is a 1960s flip phone telephone from Italy. It was designed by Richard Sapper and Marco Zanuso, and introduced in 1967.[1] The "Grillo" was manufactured by Italtel, a subsidiary former state-owned telecommunications company SIP (now part of Telecom Italia), and remained in production until 1979.[2][3] It was a popular and iconic symbol of 1960s Italian design.

Design

The modern styling, compact form factor, and automatically opening clamshell design set "Grillo" apart from other telephones that were available at the time. Innovative features that contributed to the phone's compact size include a dial that replaced the conventional rotary finger stop mechanism with a button in each of the number holes which, when actioned, pushed a pin through the back of the dial to stop the mechanism in its correct position.[citation needed] The incorporation of the ringer mechanism into the wall plug rather than the phone itself, and the use of a thin ABS plastic shell also helped reduce both its size and weight.[3][4][5] The name "Grillo", which means cricket in Italian, "derives from its shape and its chirping ringtone: an insect-like metallic chirp has replaced the harassing ring."[6][7][8]

"Grillo" was designed in 1965 by Richard Sapper and Marco Zanuso, who, as a team, also collaborated with Italian companies such as Brionvega, Gavina, Kartell, and Alfa Romeo throughout the 1960s and 1970s.[9][10] The design was awarded the 1967 Compasso d'oro in Milan and the Gold Medal at the 1968 Ljubljna Biennale of Design (BIO3).[11][12] Examples of the telephone are held in the collections of the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) and the Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum in New York, the Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Israel Museum in Jerusalem, the Pompidou Centre in Paris, and the ADI Design Museum and Museo Nazionale Scienza e Tecnologia in Milan.[13][14][15][2]

Grillo telephone (wall plug with integrated ringer)

The "Grillo" would subsequently influence the design of flip phone mobile telephones developed during the 1990s like the Motorola StarTAC and RAZR, as well other electronic devices such as portable computers and games.[16]

In popular culture

The "Grillo" telephone appears in multiple episodes of the original 1960s Mission Impossible television series.[17]

Patrizia Reggiani (played by Lady Gaga) uses a "Grillo" telephone in the 2021 film House of Gucci.[citation needed]

Gallery

  • Complete unit with body and wall plug/ringer

  • Detail showing underside of base

  • Detail showing button dial mechanism

  • Detail showing wall plug/ringer casing

  • Schematic drawing showing overall dimensions

  • Wooden model of the Grillo made by Giovanni Sacchi (it)

See also

  • Communicator (Star Trek)
  • Ericofon
  • Trimphone
  • Motorola StarTAC
  • Motorola RAZR

References

  1. ↑ "The telephones that made the history of design" (in en-gb). https://www.domusweb.it/en/product-news/gallery/2020/04/28/21-telephone-that-made-the-history-of-design.html. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Grillo Telephone designed by Marco Zanuso and Richard Sapper (1965)". Philadelphia Museum of Art. http://www.philamuseum.org/collections/permanent/184014.html?mulR=6243#. Retrieved 3 January 2015. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Grillo Telefono – Industria, manifattura, artigianato" (in it). https://www.lombardiabeniculturali.it/scienza-tecnologia/schede/ST140-00028/. 
  4. ↑ Magliano, Daniele (2020-11-15). "Il Telefono "Grillo" compie 55 anni: il rivoluzionario cambiamento della telefonia." (in it-IT). https://www.salernonews24.com/arte/il-telefono-grillo-compie-55-anni-il-rivoluzionario-cambiamento-della-telefonia/. 
  5. ↑ "Iconic 1960s ‘Grillo’ phone study helps preserve the past and ring changes for the future" (in en). https://www.esrf.fr/home/news/general/content-news/general/iconic-1960s-grillo-phone-study-helps-preserve-the-past-and-ring-changes-for-the-future.html. 
  6. ↑ "Grillo" (in en-US). https://www.museoomero.it/en/opere/grillo/. 
  7. ↑ "Grillo (Cricket) telephone". https://www.imj.org.il/en/collections/397440-0. 
  8. ↑ "Vintage Grillo Telephone designed by Richard Sapper and Marco Zanuso" (in it). https://www.design-mkt.com/161101-vintage-grillo-telephone-designed-by-marco-zanuso-1960s.html. 
  9. ↑ "Richard Sapper | MoMA" (in en). https://www.moma.org/artists/5162. 
  10. ↑ "Marco Zanuso | MoMA" (in en). https://www.moma.org/artists/6544. 
  11. ↑ "Grillo telephone, Compasso d'Oro (1967)" (in en-US). https://www.adidesignmuseum.org/en/schede/grillo/. 
  12. ↑ "Ljubljana Biennale of Design (BIO) – About BIO". http://www.bio.si/about. 
  13. ↑ "Marco Zanuso and Richard Sapper: Selections from the Design Collection | MoMA" (in en). https://www.moma.org/calendar/exhibitions/402. 
  14. ↑ Institution, Smithsonian. "Grillo (Cricket)" (in en). https://www.si.edu/object/grillo-cricket%3Achndm_1987-91-3. 
  15. ↑ "Téléphone Grillo" (in fr-FR). https://www.centrepompidou.fr/fr/ressources/oeuvre/ce7R4A. 
  16. ↑ "Design Museum Collection: telephones" (in en). 2012-08-22. https://www.dezeen.com/2012/08/22/design-museum-collection-app-telephones/. 
  17. ↑ "Mission: Impossible IMF 'Grillo' Telephone replica TV series prop". https://www.yourprops.com/IMF-Grillo-Telephone-replica-movie-prop-Mission-Impossible-TV-1966-YP814223.html. 

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