Engineering:Jug

Short description: Container used to hold liquid

French ceramic jug

Covered cream jug, 1735, silver, Cleveland Museum of Art (USA)

A jug is a type of container commonly used to hold liquids. It has an opening, sometimes narrow, from which to pour or drink, and has a handle, and often a pouring lip. Jugs throughout history have been made of metal, and ceramic, or glass, and plastic is now common.

In British English, jugs are pouring vessels for holding drinkable liquids, whether beer, water or soft drinks. In North American English these table jugs are usually called pitchers. Ewer is an older word for jugs or pitchers, and there are several others.

Several other types of containers are also called jugs, depending on locale, tradition, and personal preference. Some types of bottles can be called jugs, particularly if the container has a narrow mouth and has a handle. Closures such as stoppers or screw caps are common for these retail packages.

Etymology

The word jug is first recorded in the late 15th century as jugge or jubbe. It is of unknown origin, but perhaps comes from jug a term for a maidservant, in the same period. This in turn comes from the alteration of common personal names such as Joan or Judith.^[1]

Beer

In certain countries, especially New Zealand and Australia, a "jug" refers to a plastic container filled with two pints (just over a litre) of beer. It is usually served along with one or more small glasses from which the beer is normally consumed, although in some student bars it is more common for the beer to be drunk directly from the jug, which is usually served without the accompanying glass. (In the U.S., this may be called a pitcher—although few US pitchers are as small as a litre, generally holding between 64 and 128 U.S. fluid ounces, approximately 2-4 litres. In New Zealand and Australia a pitcher sometimes can refer to a much larger measure of beer.)^[2]

In Britain in those parts of the country where there is a choice between a pint (20 fluid ounces) tankard and a straight glass of beer, a tankard may be called a tankard or a "jug".^[3] A jug of beer may also refer to a jug containing larger amounts (usually sized in pints), but if a large jug is sold it will be advertised as such in the pub and this helps to reduce confusion.

Music

In American folk music, an empty jug (often stoneware used for American whiskey) is sometimes used as a musical instrument, being played with buzzed lips to produce a trombone-like tone. It is often part of a jug band, to which ensemble it lends its name.

Examples

A variety of containers are sometimes called “jugs”.

Stoneware whiskey jug
Hamilton and Inches silver claret jug, Edinburgh 1902
Cider jugs. Somerset, England
Silver hot water jug, Dublin c1770, using a coffee-pot shape with a higher base.
Two 17th-century German Bartmann jugs
18 L refillable plastic water jug
Blow molded plastic bottle of milk; sometimes called a “milk jug” in America
A growler beer bottle or “jug”
Roman glass juglet with vertical ribbing. 2nd half of 1st century C.E.
Enamel wash-basin and jug
Man with a jug, Portugal, 1950
Syro-Palestinian coast, or possibly Egypt. 8th-11th century AD. Khalili Collection.