Engineering:Snakeboard
A Snakeboard, also known as streetboard, or pivotboard is a board that was invented in South Africa in 1989[1] by James Fisher,[2] Simon King[2] and Oliver Macleod Smith.[2] The concept was to fuse the original skateboard with elements of snowboarding and surfing to create a fun riding experience. The first prototype was constructed using two square wooden boards, an old roller skate chopped in half, and a piece of plumbing pipe to join them together. Many variants were tried before manufacturing began. The first boards to be mass-produced were made from a strong plastic nylon known as Zytel ST801.
Performance
The rider of a snakeboard stands with one foot on each footplate (the feet are usually fixed to the board using bindings) and, by moving their feet in and out in conjunction with the shoulders and hips, is able to propel the board in any direction using only body weight. This transfer of energy is called nonholonomic locomotion.[3] The board moves in a motion similar to that of a snake—hence the sport's original name of snakeboarding. The rider of a snakeboard can ride the board on almost any terrain (depending on the setup and model of board) and even propel himself uphill and perform extreme stunts similar to those done by skateboarders and snowboarders. Snakeboards allow riders to gain momentum without the need to push themselves with their feet like skateboarders.
History
Skatex International (Pty) Ltd[4] is the name of the first company that manufactured boards of this kind and was the inventors' original company. Skatex International licensed Snakeboard USA to sell and distribute the boards in the United States; the sport rapidly became known as "snakeboarding". James Fisher, Simon King and Oliver Macleod Smith jointly owned the patents and trademarks for the sport. In the late 1990s, the inventors licensed PMS (UK), a toy retailer, to manufacturer the "Sydewynder" under license. Over 50,000 Sydewynders were sold in the UK and Europe. The inventors then listed their company Snakeboard International AIM market, a division of the London Stock Exchange. Later there was a reverse acquisition of Snakeboard International by a company called MV Sports. MV Sports eventually stopped manufacturing the Snakeboard. However, the sport survives today with more advanced boards and is becoming more widely known as streetboarding. The remaining snakeboard patents expired in 2011.[5]
A snakeboard is self-propelled, and there is no need to touch a foot on the ground. Moreover, it is considerably easier to generate and maintain momentum than on a skateboard. To perform a trick, one's feet must be strapped to the board, which makes it harder to "bail out" of a trick or dismount. Although the footstraps limit the amount a rider can manipulate the board, they also facilitate certain techniques. Much like a snowboarder, the rider can perform spins and somersaults higher and farther than any skateboarder. At the same time, this means a faster learning curve. While a skateboarder will spend weeks learning the most basic manoeuvres, such as the ollie, or jump, a streetboarder (snakeboarder) simply has to strap himself to the board and jump as he would without the board attached.
Toe-hooks have been developed in more recent years as an alternative to straps for riders who are not performing complex tricks. These allow the rider to jump with the board but also enable the rider to dismount from the board or "bail" in the event of a fall as they are not strapped to the board.Some of the pro snakeboarder were Ashley Morgan (South Africa),Kelly Dean(USA) Marnie Raath(South Africa), the twins,Lucky(South Africa) Ingo from Germany to name just a few Pro snakeboaders that traveled the globe and all over South Africa and the U.S.A [6]
Names
Snakeboard is the brand name created by the original inventors of the board and comes from its snake-like movement. The trademark for the term snakeboard expired in 2002. The term streetboard began to be used around that time to describe any board where the wheels and trucks rotate with the rider's feet without referring to a specific brand. The name "streetboard" comes from the idea that it is a "snowboard for the streets". The original patent for the snakeboard refers to the board as a "Pivoting Skateboard" and in recent years the more descriptive terms pivotboard and pivotskate have been used as a result.[7] The term swingboard has also been used.[8]
Original Snakeboard USA Models
- Viper
- Competition
- Viper Pro
- Pro
- Pro X (Longbar)
- Browser/Stud
- Ashley Pro
- Skinner
- Loadie
- Stiffy
- Spludge
Gallery
Modern streetboard with bindings (foot straps) and a streetboarder in action.
See also
References
- ↑ Manjunath, R. (2021) (in English). Timelines of Nearly Everything. p. 887. https://books.google.com/books?id=17I2EAAAQBAJ&dq=snake+board&pg=PA887.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 , James; Simon King & Eric Oliver Macleod Smith"Skateboard" patent AU626705B2, issued 1992-08-06
- ↑ Jim Ostrowski; Andrew Lewis (1994). "Nonholonomic Mechanics and Locomotion: The Snakeboard Example". Department of Mechanical Engineering, California Institute of Technology. https://authors.library.caltech.edu/93892/1/00351153.pdf.
- ↑ "SNAKEBOARD Trademark of SKATEX INTERNATIONAL (PTY) LTD. Serial Number: 74625324 :: Trademarkia Trademarks" (in en). https://trademark.trademarkia.com/snakeboard-74625324.html.
- ↑ "Power Technology Appoints New CEO to Steer Company Down the Half Pipe" (in en). 20 July 2011. https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20110720005993/en/Power-Technology-Appoints-New-CEO-to-Steer-Company-Down-the-Half-Pipe.
- ↑ "How to Attach Dragan Toe Hooks to a Streetboard" (in en). https://draganboards.com/blogs/streetboard-tutorials/how-to-attach-dragan-toe-hooks-to-a-streetboard.
- ↑ "Pipogrosso.com: The Name of the Sport" (in en). https://pipogrosso.com/index.php/snakeboard-streetboard-and-now-pivotskate/.
- ↑ "Engorile: The Snake Concept" (in en). http://rodes.es/the-snake-concept.html.
Sunday Times, Business Times August 14, 1994 'Board on a Roll in US Market'
Sandton Chronicle, July 21, 1991 'Young Inventor redesign the skateboard'
New York Times, Feb 22 1992 'For Skateboard Fans, A New Way to Travel' by Barbara Lloyd https://www.nytimes.com/1992/02/22/news/for-skateboard-fans-a-new-way-to-travel.html
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