Engineering:Solaris Urbino 12 electric

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Short description: Electric bus series produced by Solaris since 2013
Solaris Urbino 12 electric
Üstra eBus 9601.jpg
Solaris Urbino 12 electric 4th generation
Overview
ManufacturerSolaris Bus & Coach
Also calledŠkoda Perun
Production2013–present
AssemblyBolechowo, Poland
Body and chassis
ClassSingle-deck city-bus
PlatformSolaris Urbino
Doors2-3
Floor typeLow-floor
Powertrain
Electric motorAsynchronous electric motor
  • TSA TMF 35-28-4 (1 × 160 kW [210 hp]) (third and fourth generation)
  • ZF AVE130 350V driving axle (2 × 120 kW [160 hp]) (third generation and beginning of fourth generation)
  • ZF AVE130 400V axle (2 × 125 kW [168 hp]) (fourth generation)
BatterySolaris High Energy
Plug-in chargingPlug-in, pantograph, induction
Dimensions
Wheelbase5,900 mm (230 in)
Length12,000 mm (39 ft 4 in)
Width2,550 mm (100 in)
Height3,300–3,480 mm (10 ft 10 in–11 ft 5 in)
|uk|Kerb|Curb}} weight19 t
(19 long tons; 21 short tons)

The Solaris Urbino 12 electric is an electric version of the Solaris Urbino 12 low-floor transit bus series first unveiled in 2012. It has been in production since 2013, and in 2016, it was awarded the title of Bus of the Year 2017.

Origins

In 1999 Solaris unveiled its first city bus of the Urbino family – the Solaris Urbino 12. In subsequent years the city bus range was broadened, as new models were added, though initially these were conventionally fuelled vehicles. In 2002, Solaris presented a new version of the Urbino, the so-called 2nd generation. Two years later, in 2004, the third generation of the Urbino had its première. In 2006, at the IAA Nutzfahrzeuge trade fair in Hanover, Solaris Bus & Coach displayed a third generation bus which was also the first of its hybrid models, the Solaris Urbino 18 Hybrid made in collaboration with US firms Allison Transmission and Cummins. It was the first serially produced hybrid bus in Europe. As a result, Solaris joined the European leaders of eco-friendly technology in public transport.

Solaris' first fully electric bus, the Urbino 8,9 LE electric, was unveiled in 2012. Initially, the bus only had a 100-kilometre (62 mi) range, however, with time, thanks to technological progress, the achievable range increased. The vehicle was tested among others in Poznań, Cracow, and in Warsaw.[1][2] The first buyer of that electric Solaris bus was an Austrian operator, from Klagenfurt.[3] Vehicles of that type were also the first electric buses in Poland used by a public transport operator.[4]

  • Solaris Urbino 12 of the 1st generation

  • Solaris Urbino 18 Hybrid

Third generation

The IAA 2012 in Hanover saw the première of the first 100% electric bus of the MAXI class – the Urbino 12 electric.[2] The manufacturer used a powertrain based on an asynchronous, four-pole motor of 160 kW (210 hp) in the prototype vehicle. Moreover, lithium-ion batteries with a capacity of 210 kWh were used to store energy recuperated during braking. A plug-in connector installed in the vehicle enabled recharging by means of an external power source. The producer also decided to electrify all external devices usually fed from a diesel engine, including i.a. air conditioning with an in-built CO
2 heat pump, that is a device also used for heating in the bus. External and interior lighting was based on LED technology. The graphic symbol of the Urbino electric featured a green dachshund, the trademark symbol of Solaris, with a cable and plug instead of a tail.[5][1]

After its première in 2012, the Solaris Urbino 12 electric was produced in many different configurations, with a wide range of suppliers of powertrains and charging systems, so as to offer solutions fitted best to the individual needs of its clients.[6][2]

The first five 12-metre electric buses made it to the public transport operator in Braunschweig, Germany, in 2014, as part of the EMIL programme. They were equipped with the inductive charging system PRIMOVE by Bombardier.[6][7] In May 2015, public transport operator PKM Jaworzno was the first in Poland to receive an Urbino 12 electric.[8] The same month operator MPK Kraków started test runs for two prototype vehicles. Once the tests were completed, one of the buses was bought by MPK.[9] In May 2015, the first of a batch of 10 buses for Warsaw public transport operator MZA Warszawa was delivered.[10] Mid-2015, Solaris also supplied four emission-free buses to Berlin municipal operator BVG.[11] Other cities using Solaris Urbino 12 electric of the third generation include Oberhausen, Düsseldorf, Drezno and Västerås.[12]

The electric bus model Škoda Perun was crafted based on the third generation Solaris Urbino 12 electric, and in collaboration with Czech firm Škoda Transportation. The chassis and bodywork are made by Solaris, while powertrain and electric fittings are supplied by Škoda Electric. Vehicles in this configuration are offered by Škoda Electric mostly to customers on the Czech and the Slovak market.[13]

  • Worldwide première of Solaris Urbino 12 electric in Hanover

  • Solaris Urbino 12 electric in Braunschweig - one of the five first serially produced buses

  • Solaris Urbino 12 electric in Oberhausen

  • In Berlin, electric Solaris buses service line 204.

  • Warsaw's Urbino 12 electric running on representative street Krakowskie Przedmieście (line 222)

  • Ad informing about the environmentally friendly driveline of buses used by operator MZA Warszawa

  • Interior of MZA Warszawa bus

  • Plug-in charging socket

Fourth generation

In 2014, during the September IAA trade fair, Solaris displayed a diesel model of the Solaris 12 and 18 buses of the new generation (contrary to previous generations, this time instead of using the consecutive number, Solaris preferred the term ‘new generation’). A year later, at the Busworld in Kortrijk, Solaris presented the electric version of the new generation bus. Various configurations can be applied in the new generation vehicles, depending on customer needs, including two wheel hub-mounted ZF AVE 130 motors, each with an output of 125 kilowatts (168 hp) or, optionally, a central engine. The producer enables also the installation of different battery configurations, from 120 to 240 kWh (for Solaris High Energy batteries) and from 58 to 145 kWh (for Solaris High Power batteries) with or without the option of fast charging. The vehicles use either plug-in or pantograph recharging.[14]

The first order for new vehicles was secured even before the official unveiling; it was placed by public transport operator Üstra from Hanover, where three buses in the new design ended up in 2015.[15] In December 2015 tests of the battery bus of Solaris were launched by French operator RATP Paris.[16] The first Polish city to receive a new electric Urbino was Cracow. Later on, the buses made it also to Jaworzno[17] and Ostrów Wielkopolski,[18] as well as Warsaw[19] and Sosnowiec.[20]

An equivalent of the Škoda Perun for the Urbino 12 electric of the new, fourth generation was crafted on the same terms as the previous model.[21] In 2018 on international fair InnoTrans in Berlin German company Voith presented electric bus based on Solaris Urbino 12 electric.[22]

The Solaris Urbino 12 electric was on display at the Hannover Messe, a public transport fair, from 23 until 28 April 2017, on the stand representing Poland's innovation power. During the trade fair, this stand was visited among others by then Polish Prime Minister Beata Szydło and Germany's Chancellor Angela Merkel.[23]

  • Solaris Urbino 12 electric at the IAA 2016, with its title of Bus of the Year

  • Symbol of the model above front wheel arch

  • Driver's cabin

  • Interior

Prizes and distinctions

Bus of the Year

In May 2016, Solaris Bus & Coach announced that the Solaris Urbino 12 electric would take part in the Bus Euro Test 2016, an event during which the winner of the title “Bus of the Year 2017” was to be chosen. The vehicle test was held from 30 May until 3 June, on the streets of Brussels.[24] Three other electric vehicles competed against Solaris: Irizar i2e, EbusCo 2.1, VanHool Exqui.City and the CNG fuelled Mercedes-Benz Citaro NGT. According to jurors from 20 European states, the vehicle of the Polish manufacturer scored best. The award was handed out during the IAA Nutzfahrzeuge trade fair in Hanover, in September 2016.[25][26]

Other awards

  • 2012: The Solaris Urbino 12 electric was named best in the bus category by the jury of the International Fair of Public Transport Transexpo 2012 in Kielce[27]
  • 2013: Solaris Urbino 12 electric gets awarded the “Sustainability Prize” by German bus industry magazine “Busplaner”[28]
  • 2013: The Solaris Urbino 12 electric, with an automatic system for roof-mounted fast charging, is awarded the Gold Medal of trade fair TRANSEXPO in Kielce in the “Bus” category[29]
  • 2017: EBUS Award 2017 for Solaris Urbino 12 electric[30]

Operators

Country City Operator Number of vehicles Years of delivery
 Poland Jaworzno PKM Jaworzno 10 2015, 2017 [17][8]
Cracow MPK Kraków 17 2015, 2016, 2017 [31][32][33]
Warsaw MZA Warszawa 20 2015, 2018 [19][34]
Inowrocław MPK Inowrocław 2 2015 [35]
Sosnowiec PKM Sosnowiec 3 2018 [20]
Opole MZK Opole 3/5 2022 [36]
Ostrów Wlkp. MZK Ostrów Wlkp. 4 2017 [18]
Rzeszów MPK Rzeszów 10 2018 [37][38]
Łomianki Komunikacja Miejska 2 2019 [39]
Bełchatów MZK Bełchatów 4 2019

2023

[40]
Piła MZK Piła 5 2022 [41]
Poznań MPK Poznań 0/6 2020 [42]
Włocławek MPK Włocławek 0/3 2019 [43]
country-wide in total 66 out of 80
 Germany Braunschweig Braunschweiger Verkehrs 5 2014 [44][7]
Berlin BVG 5/20 2015, 2018, 2019 [11][45][46]
Hamburg Hochbahn 7/15 2016, 2018, 2019 [47][48][49][50]
Dresden DVB 1 2015 [51]
Oberhausen STOAG 2 2015 [52]
Düsseldorf Rheinbahn 2 2014 [53]
Hanover Üstra 3 2015 [15]
Nuremberg VAG 1 2017 [54][55]
Fürth Fürth Verkehr 1 2017 [54][55]
Lahr SWAG 1 2018 [56]
Frankfurt In der City Bus 5 2018 [57][58]
Munich Ettenhuber 0/3 2019 [59]
country-wide in total 33 out of 59
 Italy Milan ATM Milano 170 2023 [60]
Bergamo ATB Bergamo 12 2018 [61]
Genova AMT S.p.A. 30 2022
country-wide in total 112'"
 Czechia Plzeň DP 3 (Škoda) 2015 [62]
Třinec Arriva Morava 10 (Škoda) 2017 [63]
Trutnov Arriva 0/4 (Škoda) 2019 [64]
Ostrava DP 24 2022
country-wide in total 13 out of 17
 Norway Oslo Unibuss 2 2017 [65][66]
Kristiansand Norgebuss 2 2017 [67][66]
Oppegård Boreal Norge 5 2018 [67][68][66]
country-wide in total 9
 Hungary Paks Paksi Közlekedési Kft. 6 2020 [69]
country-wide in total 6
 Sweden Västerås Västerås Lokaltrafik 1 2014 [70]
Ystad Ferry terminal 1 2018 [71]
country-wide in total 2
 Romania Cluj-Napoca CTP Cluj-Napoca 41 2018 [72][73][74][75]
Iași CTP Iași 20 2022 [76]
Pitești Publitrans 2000 40 2022 [76]
Sibiu Tursib 9 2022 [76]
Sighetu Marmației Mara Nord Transport 0/7 2022 [76]
Suceava TPL Suceava 11/15 2022 [76]
Târgu Mureș Transport Local 32 2022 [76]
country-wide in total 153 out of 164
 Finland Tampere TKL 4 2016 [77]
 France Paris RATP 1 2015 [16]
 Slovakia Šaľa Arriva Nove Zamky 1 (Škoda) 2017 [78]
Template:Country data Luxemburg Bascharage Sales-Lentz 0/2 2019 [79]
March 2021
 Latvia Riga Rīgas Satiksme 35 2023
December 2023

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Maxi elektryczny Urbino". Magazyn Klientów Solaris (2/2012). ISSN 1689-6076. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Historia - Solaris Bus & Coach S.A." (in pl). https://www.solarisbus.com/pl/firma/historia. 
  3. ↑ "Solaris kursuje w austriackim Klagenfurcie | Lepszy Poznań – informacje z Twojego fyrtla" (in pl-PL). 5 July 2013. http://www.lepszypoznan.pl/2013/07/06/solaris-kursuje-w-austriackim-klagenfurcie.html. 
  4. ↑ "Ostrołęka kupiła dwa elektryki od Solarisa" (in pl-PL). http://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/ostroleka-kupila-dwa-elektryki-od-solarisa-3075.html. 
  5. ↑ Solaris Bus & Coach S.A. (2013), Katalog produktowy Urbino electric 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 IW (8 April 2014). "Elektryczny Solaris w Brunszwiku" (in pl). https://www.logistyka.net.pl/aktualnosci/transport-i-spedycja/item/86024-elektryczny-solaris-w-brunszwiku. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Detlef Schulz (2015). Nachhaltige Energieversorgung und Integration von Speichern. Springer Vieweg. ISBN 978-3-658-10957-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=McdeCwAAQBAJ. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 A. Zielonka (2015-05-06). "Solarisa Urbino 12 Electric - pierwszy elektrobus w Polsce, jeździ po Jaworznie [ZDJĘCIA"] (in pl). Jaworzno.naszemiasto.pl. http://jaworzno.naszemiasto.pl/artykul/solarisa-urbino-12-electric-pierwszy-elektrobus-w-polsce,3374116,artgal,t,id,tm.html. Retrieved 2018-01-03. 
  9. ↑ SymiSun* - symisun.com. "www.kmk.krakow.pl - Solaris Urbino 12 Electric". http://www.kmk.krakow.pl/solaris_u12_electric_test.html. 
  10. ↑ "Warszawa testuje swoje Urbino 12 electric" (in pl). http://infobus.pl/warszawa-testuje-swoje-urbino-12-electric_more_73649.html. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "E-Bus - BVG.de" (in de). https://www.bvg.de/de/Aktuell/E-Bus. 
  12. ↑ "E-mobilna rewolucja". Magazyn klientów Solaris (2/2017). ISSN 1689-6076. 
  13. ↑ "Škoda Perun – SamochodyElektryczne.org" (in pl). http://samochodyelektryczne.org/skoda_perun.htm. 
  14. ↑ "Nowy Solaris Urbino 12 electric – SamochodyElektryczne.org" (in pl). http://samochodyelektryczne.org/nowy_solaris_urbino_12_electric.htm. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 "Hannover bestellt drei Solaris Urbino 12 Electric - Auto-Medienportal.Net" (in de). https://www.auto-medienportal.net/artikel/detail/28911. 
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 "Paryż testuje autobus elektryczny firmy Solaris" (in pl). http://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/paryz-testuje-autobus-elektryczny-firmy-solaris-50094.html. 
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 "Jaworzno w 40 proc. oparte na elektrobusach od Solarisa" (in pl). http://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/jaworzno-w-40-proc-oparte-na-elektrobusach-od-solarisa-57044.html. 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 "Ostrów Wlkp. Cztery nowe Solarisy Urbino Electric" (in pl). http://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/ostrow-wlkp-cztery-nowe-solarisy-urbino-electric-57249.html. 
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 "Nowe Urbino electric dla Warszawy. MZA wybiera" (in pl). http://infobus.pl/nowe-urbino-electric-dla-warszawy-mza-wybiera_more_95360.html. 
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 "Solaris z umową na elektryczne autobusy w Sosnowcu" (in pl). http://infobus.pl/solaris-z-umowa-na-elektryczne-autobusy-w-sosnowcu_more_95502.html. 
  21. ↑ Beneš & Michl, www.benes-michl.cz. "Elektrické autobusy | Škoda Transportation a.s." (in cs). https://www.skoda.cz/produkty/elektricke-a-hybridni-autobusy/. 
  22. ↑ "InnoTrans 2018: Voith debiutuje z elektrobusem [FILM]" (in pl). http://infobus.pl/innotrans-2018-voith-debiutuje-z-elektrobusem_more_108398.html. 
  23. ↑ "Cały artykuł - PolskiTraker.pl" (in pl). http://www.polskitraker.pl/caly-artykul-51/771. 
  24. ↑ "Solaris powalczy elektrykiem o" (in pl). http://infobus.pl/solaris-powalczy-elektrykiem-o-bus-of-the-year-2017-_more_84604.html. 
  25. ↑ "Elektryczny Solaris Urbino autobusem roku 2017!" (in pl). http://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/elektryczny-solaris-urbino-autobusem-roku-2017-52783.html. 
  26. ↑ Dariusz Drukała. "Tytuł Bus of the Year dla Urbino electric". Polski Traker Bus (5/2016). ISSN 1734-9583. 
  27. ↑ "TRANSEXPO 2012: Solaris i Mercedes z Medalami!" (in pl). http://infobus.pl/transexpo-2012-solaris-i-mercedes-z-medalami-_more_49572.html?dokument=37&zmienna1=49572. 
  28. ↑ "Solarisem na podbój Europy. Nagroda na KTP 2014" (in pl-PL). http://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/solarisem--na-podboj-europy-nagroda-na-ktp-2014-3193.html. 
  29. ↑ "TRANSEXPO 2013: Solaris z Euro 6 i elektrykiem" (in pl). http://infobus.pl/transexpo-2013-solaris-z-euro-6-i-elektrykiem-_more_43697.html. 
  30. ↑ "Solaris z kolejna nagrodą. Tym razem EBUS Award 2017" (in pl-PL). http://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/solaris-z-kolejna-nagroda-tym-razem-ebus-award-2017-54605.html. 
  31. ↑ Ideo Sp. z o.o. - www.ideo.pl. "/ Tabor / Autobusy elektryczne". http://www.mpk.krakow.pl/pl/tabor/autobusy-elektryczne/. 
  32. ↑ "-=[Fotogaleria Transportowa=- - Miejskie Przedsiębiorstwo Komunikacyjne S.A. w Krakowie MPK Kraków"] (in en). http://phototrans.pl/24,73,0.html. 
  33. ↑ "Nowe Urbino electric w Krakowie i Solaris numer 15000!" (in pl). http://www.infobus.pl/nowe-urbino-electric-w-krakowie-i-solaris-numer-15000-_more_97487.html. 
  34. ↑ "Warszawski debiut Nowego Urbino 12. Elektrycznie!" (in pl). http://infobus.pl/warszawski-debiut-nowego-urbino-12-elektrycznie-_more_106164.html. 
  35. ↑ "Inowrocław odbiera hybrydy i elektryki" (in pl). http://infobus.pl/inowroclaw-odbiera-hybrydy-i-elektryki-_more_75832.html. 
  36. ↑ "Pierwsze autobusy elektryczne już w Opolu" (in pl-PL). https://doxa.fm/aktualnosci/region/pierwsze-autobusy-elektryczne-juz-w-opolu/. 
  37. ↑ "Solaris dostarczy do Rzeszowa 10 autobusów elektrycznych oraz 30 z napędem konwencjonalnym" (in pl). http://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/solaris-dostarczydo-rzeszowa-10-autobusow-elektrycznych-oraz-30-z-napedem-konwencjonalnym-56604.html. 
  38. ↑ "Przyłącze na drodze rzeszowskich elektrobusów" (in pl). http://infobus.pl/przylacze-na-drodze-rzeszowskich-elektrobusow_more_111370.html. 
  39. ↑ "Łomianki kupują Solarisy z elektryczną osią. Umowa podpisana" (in pl). http://infobus.pl/lomianki-kupuja-solarisy-z-elektryczna-osia-umowa-podpisana_more_106248.html. 
  40. ↑ "W Bełchatowie będą kolejne Solarisy. Elektryczne i spalinowe!" (in pl). http://www.infobus.pl/w-belchatowie-beda-kolejne-solarisy-elektryczne-i-spalinowe-_more_106575.html. 
  41. ↑ "Autobus elektryczny już w taborze!" (in pl). https://mzk.pila.pl/aktualnosci/autobus-elektryczny-juz-w-taborze.html. 
  42. ↑ "MPK Poznań wybrało 21 'tytanowych' elektrobusów Solarisa!" (in pl). http://infobus.pl/mpk-poznan-wybralo-21-tytanowych-elektrobusow-solarisa-_more_108997.html. 
  43. ↑ "Włocławek. Solaris z umową na 3 elektrobusy" (in pl-PL). https://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/wloclawek-solaris-z-umowa-na-3-elektrobusy-60561.html. 
  44. ↑ Gazeo.pl. "Solaris Urbino electric dla Brunszwiku | gazeo.pl" (in pl). http://gazeo.pl/samochody-hybrydowe-elektryczne/samochody-elektryczne/Solaris-Urbino-electric-dla-Brunszwiku,artykul,7670.html. 
  45. ↑ "Fotogaleria Transportowa - Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe AöR BVG Berlin" (in en). http://phototrans.eu/24,84,0,Berliner_Verkehrsbetriebe_A__R.html. 
  46. ↑ "Berlin. Solaris i Daimler dostarczą po 15 autobusów elektrycznych" (in pl-PL). https://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/berlin-solaris-i-daimler-dostarcza-po-15-autobusow-elektrycznych-58879.html. 
  47. ↑ "Nowe Urbino 12 electric w Hamburgu." (in pl). Szef Utrzymania Ruchu. 2016-09-05. http://www.szefur.pl/nowe-urbino-12-electric-w-hamburgu/. Retrieved 2018-01-03. 
  48. ↑ "Hamburg. Solaris dostarczy 10 autobusów elektrycznych" (in pl-PL). https://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/hamburg-solaris-dostarczy-10-autobusow-elektrycznych-58551.html. 
  49. ↑ Solaris Bus & Coach S.A.. "Elektryczny Hamburg". Magazyn Klientów Solaris (2/2018 (21)). ISSN 1689-6076. 
  50. ↑ "Solaris dostarczył pierwsze elektrobusy do Hamburga z nowego zamówienia" (in pl). 2019-02-13. https://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/solaris-dostarczyl-dwa-pierwsze-elektrobusy-do-hamburga-60864.html. 
  51. ↑ "Elektryczny Solaris Urbino 12 wyjechał na linię w Dreźnie" (in pl). http://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/elektryczny-solaris-urbino-12-wyjechal-na-linie-w-dreznie-49833.html. 
  52. ↑ STOAG. "STOAG: Elektromobilität" (in de). https://www.stoag.de/stoag/elektromobilitaet.html. 
  53. ↑ "Dziesięciotysięczny autobus Solarisa to Urbino 12 electric – SamochodyElektryczne.org" (in pl). http://samochodyelektryczne.org/dziesieciotysieczny_autobus_solarisa_to_urbino_12_electric.htm. 
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 "Busmania" (in de). https://www.solarisbus.com/de/busmania/elektrobusse-von-solaris-in-nurnberg-und-furth-701. 
  55. ↑ 55.0 55.1 "Solaris dostarczy elektryczne autobusy do Norymbergi i Furth" (in pl). http://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/solaris-dostarczy-elektryczne-autobusy-do-norymbergi-i-furth-55288.html. 
  56. ↑ "Lahr: SWEG nimmt Solaris-Elektrobus in Betrieb - electrive.net" (in de-DE). 2018-04-11. https://www.electrive.net/2018/04/11/lahr-sweg-nimmt-solaris-elektrobus-in-betrieb/. 
  57. ↑ "Solaris dostarczy pięć autobusów elektrycznych do Frankfurtu nad Menem" (in pl). Business Insider. 2017-12-11. https://businessinsider.com.pl/motoryzacja/solaris-urbino-12-electric-dla-frankfurtu/q48fnzc. Retrieved 2018-01-03. 
  58. ↑ "Kolejne elektryczne Solarisy w Niemczech. Frankfurt nad Menem!". 2018-12-19. http://infobus.pl/kolejne-elektryczne-solarisy-w-niemczech-frankfurt-nad-menem-_more_110925.html. 
  59. ↑ "Ettenhuber wybiera elektryczne Solarisy" (in pl). https://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/ettenhuber-wybiera-elektryczne-solarisy-60374.html. 
  60. ↑ "A che punto è il piano di Milano per gli autobus elettrici" (in it). ilpost.it. https://www.ilpost.it/2023/07/09/milano-autobus-elettrici/. Retrieved 2023-07-09. 
  61. ↑ "Polskie autobusy w Bergamo i Mediolanie. Solaris dostarczy pojazdy do Włoch - Polsat News" (in pl). Polsatnews.pl. http://www.polsatnews.pl/wiadomosc/2017-07-14/polskie-autobusy-w-bergamo-i-mediolanie-solaris-dostarczy-pojazdy-do-wloch/. Retrieved 2018-01-08. 
  62. ↑ "Pilzno ze Škodą rozpoczyna projekt ZeEUS" (in pl). http://infotram.pl/pilzno-ze-%C5%A0koda-rozpoczyna-projekt-zeeus_more_73904.html. 
  63. ↑ "Třinec dostane deset elektrobusů Škoda Perun s novou karoserií Solaris". http://www.proelektrotechniky.cz/elektromobilita/271.php. 
  64. ↑ "Czechy. Arriva z kontraktem w Trutnovie i autobusami od Skody i Solarisa" (in pl-PL). https://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/czechy-arriva-z-kontraktem-w-trutnovie-i-autobusami-od-skody-i-solarisa-58935.html. 
  65. ↑ "Dwa nowe elektrobusy od Solarisa w Norwegii" (in pl). http://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/dwa-nowe-elektrobusy-od-solarisa-w-norwegii-54871.html. 
  66. ↑ 66.0 66.1 66.2 "Solarisy z elektrycznym napędem w Kristiansand" (in pl-PL). https://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/solarisy-z-elektrycznym-napedem-w-kristiansand-59269.html. 
  67. ↑ 67.0 67.1 "Solaris dostarczy pięć elektrobusów dla Boreal Norge AS" (in pl). http://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/solaris-dostarczy-piec-elektrobusow-dla-boreal-norge-as-56086.html. 
  68. ↑ "Solarisy z elektrycznym napędem w Kristiansand" (in pl-PL). https://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/solarisy-z-elektrycznym-napedem-w-kristiansand-59269.html. 
  69. ↑ "Megérkezett Paksra a teljes Solaris villanybusz-flotta" (in hu-HU). https://magyarbusz.info/2020/10/22/megerkezett-paksra-a-teljes-solaris-villanybusz-flotta\. 
  70. ↑ "39 elektrycznych autobusów Solarisa" (in pl). http://inforail.pl/39-elektrycznych-autobusow-solarisa_more_74471.html. 
  71. ↑ "Specjalistyczne autobusy elektryczne - polska specjalność?" (in pl). http://infobus.pl/specjalistyczne-autobusy-elektryczne-polska-specjalnosc-_more_109105.html. 
  72. ↑ "Solaris dostarczy elektryczne pojazdy do Rumunii" (in pl). http://www.transport-publiczny.pl/wiadomosci/solaris-dostarczy-elektryczne-pojazdy-do-rumunii-56019.html. 
  73. ↑ "Pierwsze autobusy elektryczne w Rumuni. Od Solarisa" (in pl). http://infobus.pl/pierwsze-autobusy-elektryczne-w-rumuni-od-solarisa-_more_105651.html. 
  74. ↑ "Solaris bierze rumuńską opcję. Plus 12 elektrobusów" (in pl). http://infobus.pl/solaris-bierze-rumunska-opcje-plus-12-elektrobusow-_more_106196.html. 
  75. ↑ "Elektryczny Solaris podbija Rumunię. 18 pojazdów dla Klużu". 2018-09-26. https://www.transport-publiczny.pl/mobile/elektryczny-solaris-podbija-rumunie-18-pojazdow-dla-kluzu-59710.html. 
  76. ↑ 76.0 76.1 76.2 76.3 76.4 76.5 "131 de autobuze electrice pentru transportul public urban din 7 municipii" (in ro). https://www.mdlpa.ro/subarticles/5/mdlpapor131autobuzeelectricetransportpublicurban7municipii. 
  77. ↑ "Pierwsze elektryczne Solarisy dla Finlandii" (in pl). http://www.infobus.pl/pierwsze-elektryczne-solarisy-dla-finlandii_more_81199.html. 
  78. ↑ "Arriva elektryzuje transport na Słowacji" (in pl). http://infobus.pl/arriva-elektryzuje-transport-na-slowacji_more_95711.html. 
  79. ↑ "Zielone Solarisy pojadą do Luksemburga" (in pl). http://infobus.pl/zielone-solarisy-pojada-do-luksemburga-_more_109060.html?dokument=37&zmienna1=109060. 

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