Engineering:Windjammer

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Short description: Commercial sailing ship with multiple masts and rig configurations
Main page: Engineering:Iron-hulled sailing ship
Four-masted, iron-hulled barque Herzogin Cecilie—one of the fastest windjammers built

A windjammer is a commercial sailing ship with multiple masts that may be square rigged, or fore-and-aft rigged, or a combination of the two. The informal term "windjammer" arose during the transition from the Age of Sail to the Age of Steam during the 19th century. The Oxford English Dictionary records the word "windjamming" from 1886 and "windjammer" with reference to a ship from 1892.[1] The term has evolved to include such a vessel, carrying passengers on overnight cruises in the Caribbean, the U.S. state of Maine and elsewhere.[2][3]

Etymology

A New England windjammer—the Luther Little, a four-masted schooner—just after its construction in 1917

The word "windjammer" has a variety of associations, both nautical and not. In the late 19th century the term was pejorative, as used by sailors aboard steamships.[4]

  • In 1892, Rudder Magazine said in a story, "The deck hands on the liners contemptuously refer to [sailing vessels] as 'wind-jammers'."[4]
  • In 1917, the American Dialect Society recorded residents of the U.S. state of Maine referring to fore-and-aft sailing vessels as "windjammers" in a list of regional word usages.[5]
  • The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea calls windjammer "a non-nautical name by which square-rigged sailing ships are sometimes known".[6]
  • The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military calls windjammer "a merchant sailing ship".[7]
  • The following languages have adopted "windjammer" as a loanword from English in reference to sailing ships:
  • Green's Dictionary of Slang has a variety of non-nautical definitions for the term.[16]

Examples

Windjammers
Full-rigged ship
Barque
Barquentine
Schooner
Showing three-masted examples, progressing from square sails on each to all fore-and-aft sails on each.

Any of the following ships may be called a "windjammer":

In literature

Windjammers have figured prominently in both historical and fictional literature. Some examples include:

References

  1. ↑ windjammer (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press, September 2005, http://oed.com/search?searchType=dictionary&q=windjammer  (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  2. ↑ Laird, Scott (2022-04-12). "A Windjammer Cruise on Penobscot Bay Is the Best Way to Experience Maine's Coast" (in en-US). https://www.cntraveler.com/story/maine-windjammer-cruises-on-penobscot-bay. 
  3. ↑ Crowell, Ed (2003). Barefoot pirate : the tall ships and tales of Windjammer. Robert W. Schachner. [New York]: Orion Press. ISBN 0-7570-0128-9. OCLC 52985865. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52985865. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "wind, n.1" (in en-GB), OED Online (Oxford University Press), https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/229181, retrieved 2019-06-25 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Chase, George D. (1917). "Lists from Maine" (in en). Dialect Notes. 1. IV. American Dialect Society. https://books.google.com/books?id=c1NFAQAAIAAJ&q=windjammer+etymology&pg=PA6. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Dear, I. C. B. DearI C. B.; Kemp, Peter (2007-01-01), Kemp, Peter; Dear, I. C. B., eds., "Windjammer" (in en), The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea (Oxford University Press), doi:10.1093/acref/9780199205684.001.0001, ISBN 9780199205684, https://www.oxfordreference.com/abstract/10.1093/acref/9780199205684.001.0001/acref-9780199205684-e-2687, retrieved 2019-06-24 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 "Windjammer" (in en), The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military (Oxford University Press), 2001, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199891580.001.0001, ISBN 9780199891580, https://www.oxfordreference.com/abstract/10.1093/acref/9780199891580.001.0001/acref-9780199891580-e-9168, retrieved 2019-06-24 
  8. ↑ "windjammer - Czech translation - bab.la English-Czech dictionary". https://en.bab.la/dictionary/english-czech/windjammer. 
  9. ↑ Van Veen, Pieter A. F.; Van der Sijs, Nicoline (1997). "Windjammer". Etymologisch woordenboek: de herkomst van onze woorden. Utrecht Antwerpen: Van Dale Lexicografie. 
  10. ↑ Hueber; Bönzli, Werner (2009) (in de). Mit Deutsch durchs Jahr: Sprachkalender Deutsch. Hueber Verlag. ISBN 9783190079209. https://books.google.com/books?id=EWIKgjGxVgsC&q=%22Windjammer%22+Deutsch&pg=PT262. 
  11. ↑ Penzkofer, Markus (2017-09-27) (in de). Thematisches Wörterbuch Deutsch-Englisch (2): Aufbauwortschatz. BoD – Books on Demand. ISBN 9783744822619. https://books.google.com/books?id=ss83DwAAQBAJ&q=%22Windjammer%22+Deutsch&pg=PA240. 
  12. ↑ Nguyen, Nam H. (2018-02-03) (in ja). Essential 120000 English-Japanese Words Dictionary. Nam H Nguyen. https://books.google.com/books?id=CEFKDwAAQBAJ&q=Japanese+dictionary+%22Windjammer%22&pg=PA2400. 
  13. ↑ Milewski, Szymon; Zadrożna, T. (1965) (in en). Maritime dictionary Polish-English. Wydawn. Naukowo-Techniczne. https://books.google.com/books?id=RlkmAAAAMAAJ&q=Polish+dictionary+%22Windjammer%22. 
  14. ↑ "Винджаммер - translation - Russian-English Dictionary" (in en). https://glosbe.com/. 
  15. ↑ "Виндјамер - translation - Serbian-English Dictionary" (in en). https://glosbe.com/. 
  16. ↑ Green, Jonathon (2011), "Windjammer" (in en), Green's Dictionary of Slang (Chambers Harrap Publishers), doi:10.1093/acref/9780199829941.001.0001, ISBN 9780199829941, https://www.oxfordreference.com/abstract/10.1093/acref/9780199829941.001.0001/acref-9780199829941-e-51541, retrieved 2019-06-24 
  17. ↑ Simpson, Paul W. (2017-05-11) (in en). Windjammer. Lulu Press, Inc. ISBN 9780244305727. https://books.google.com/books?id=0UAkDwAAQBAJ&q=windjammer. 
  18. ↑ Historian), Tom Bennett (Shipwreck (2016-11-24) (in en). Bells from Shipwrecks -after 1830: Victorian and Modern Ship's Bells. TOM Bennett. https://books.google.com/books?id=qbGNDQAAQBAJ&q=Iron-hulled+windjammer&pg=PT14. 
  19. ↑ Marsden, Ben (2015-07-28) (in en). Uncommon Contexts: Encounters Between Science and Literature, 1800–1914. Routledge. ISBN 9781317320357. https://books.google.com/books?id=IYlECgAAQBAJ&q=Iron-hulled+windjammer&pg=PA146. 
  20. ↑ Williams, Deborah (September 1999). "Windjammin' in Maine" (in en). Cruise Travel. Cruise Travel. https://books.google.com/books?id=rDEDAAAAMBAJ&q=windjammer+etymology&pg=PA31. 
  21. ↑ Kerr, Jim (September 1994). "Fantome—Setting sail for romance with Windjammer Barefoot Cruises" (in en). Cruise Travel. Cruise Travel. https://books.google.com/books?id=UTEDAAAAMBAJ&q=windjammer+origin&pg=PA43. 



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