Finance:Coupon (bond)
A coupon payment on a bond is the annual interest payment that the bondholder receives from the bond's issue date until it matures.
Coupons are normally described in terms of the coupon rate, which is calculated by adding the sum of coupons paid per year and dividing it by the bond's face value. For example, if a bond has a face value of $1,000 and a coupon rate of 5%, then it pays total coupons of $50 per year. Typically, this will consist of two semi-annual payments of $25 each.[1]
History: bearer bonds
The origin of the term "coupon" is that bonds were historically issued in the form of bearer certificates. Physical possession of the certificate was proof of ownership. Several coupons, one for each scheduled interest payment, were printed on the certificate. At the date the coupon was due, the owner would detach the coupon and present it for payment (an act called "clipping the coupon").[2]
The certificate often also contained a document called a talon, which (when the original block of coupons had been used up) could be detached and presented in exchange for a block of further coupons.[3]
Zero-coupon bonds and valuation
Not all bonds have coupons. Zero-coupon bonds are those that pay no coupons and thus have a coupon rate of 0%. Such bonds make only one payment: the payment of the face value on the maturity date. Normally, to compensate the bondholder for the time value of money, the price of a zero-coupon bond will always be less than its face value on any date before the maturity date. During the European sovereign-debt crisis, some zero-coupon sovereign bonds traded above their face value as investors were willing to pay a premium for the perceived safe-haven status these investments hold. The difference between the price and the face value provides the bondholder with the positive return that makes purchasing the bond worthwhile.
Between a bond's issue date and its maturity date (also called its redemption date), the bond's price is determined by taking into account several factors, including:
- The face value;
- The maturity date;
- The coupon rate and frequency of coupon payments;
- The creditworthiness of the issuer; and
- The yield on comparable investment options.
See also
- Credit (finance)
- Credit spread (options)
- TED spread
- Yield curve
References
- ↑ O'Sullivan, Arthur; Sheffrin, Steven M. (2003). Economics: Principles in Action. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458: Pearson Prentice Hall. pp. 277. ISBN 0-13-063085-3. https://archive.org/details/economicsprincip00osul.
- ↑ Belson, Ken (2006-02-12). "Coupon Clipping, the Old-Fashioned Way". New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/12/business/yourmoney/12bearer.html?_r=1&scp=1&sq=Coupon%20Clipping,%20the%20Old-Fashioned%20Way&st=cse. Retrieved 2009-03-03.
- ↑ [1]
io:Kupono
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