IEC 61851

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Short description: International standards for vehicle charging technology
Left to right: IEC Type 1, NACS, IEC Type 2

IEC 61851 is an international standard for electric vehicle conductive charging systems, parts of which are currently still under development(written 2017). IEC 61851 is one of the International Electrotechnical Commission's group of standards for electric road vehicles and electric industrial trucks and is the responsibility of IEC Technical Committee 69 (TC69).[1]

Standard documents

IEC 61851 consists of the following parts, detailed in separate IEC 61851 standard documents:

  • IEC 61851-1: General requirements[2]
  • IEC 61851-21-1: Electric vehicle on-board charger EMC requirements for conductive connection to AC/DC supply[3]
  • IEC 61851-21-2: Electric vehicle requirements for conductive connection to an AC/DC supply - EMC requirements for off board electric vehicle charging systems[4]
  • IEC 61851-23: DC electric vehicle charging station[5]
  • IEC 61851-24: Digital communication between a DC EV charging station and an electric vehicle for control of DC charging[6]
  • IEC 61851-25: DC EV supply equipment where protection relies on electrical separation[7]

IEC 61851-1

IEC 61851-1 defines four modes of charging:

IEC 61851-1 charging modes[8][9][10]
Mode Diagram Limits Supply & Interface RCD Protection Applications Notes
Phases Current Voltage
1 Schneider Mode 1.svg
EV connected directly to AC grid 		1φ 16A 250V AC, non-dedicated No electric bikes & scooters Direct connection of vehicle to conventional electrical outlets. Not allowed in the US, Israel, and England; prohibited for public charging by Italy; restricted in Switzerland, Denmark, Norway, and Germany.
3φ 16A 480V
2 Schneider Mode 2.svg
EV connected to AC grid through cable incorporating RCD protection 		1φ 32A 250V AC, non-dedicated Yes "slow AC" Requires control box between vehicle and electrical outlet incorporating RCD protection. Prohibited for public charging by Italy; restricted in US, Canada, Switzerland, Denmark, France, and Norway. Typical portable / "emergency" charger.
3φ 32A 480V
3 Schneider Mode 3.svg
EVSE connected to AC grid, supplies EV using tethered cable or socket-outlet with bidirectional communication 		1φ 32A 250V AC, dedicated (IEC 62196-2) Yes "slow and quick AC" EVSE permanently connected to electrical grid; includes RCD protection and bidirectional (EVSE/EV) communication. Typical public AC charger installation. Tethered (cable permanently attached) & untethered (dedicated socket outlet only) configurations.
3φ 32A 480V
4 Schneider Mode 4.svg
EVSE rectifies AC grid & supplies DC power to EV using tethered cable with bidirectional communication 		– 200A 400V DC, dedicated (IEC 62196-3) Yes "fast DC" Current conversion handled by EVSE, not EV.

References

  1. ↑ IEC Technical Committee 69
  2. ↑ IEC 61851-1
  3. ↑ IEC 61851-21-1
  4. ↑ "IEC 61851-21-2:2018 | IEC Webstore". https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/31282. 
  5. ↑ IEC 61851-23
  6. ↑ IEC 61851-24
  7. ↑ IEC 61851-25
  8. ↑ "Charging modes (IEC-61851-1)". http://circutor.com/en/training/electric-vehicle/charging-modes-iec-61851-1. 
  9. ↑ Ferrari, Lorenzo. "Charging modes for electric vehicles". https://www.dazetechnology.com/charging-modes-for-ev/. 
  10. ↑ "Guide to Electric Vehicle Infrastructure". Association for the British Electrotechnical Industry (BEAMA). May 2012. https://www.lewelectrical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/beama_elec-vehicles.pdf. 

See also



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