Medicine:Cerebral laceration
| Cerebral laceration |
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A cerebral laceration is a type of traumatic brain injury that occurs when the tissue of the brain is mechanically cut or torn.[1] The injury is similar to a cerebral contusion; however, according to their respective definitions, the pia-arachnoid membranes are torn over the site of injury in laceration and are not torn in contusion.[2][3] Lacerations require greater physical force to cause than contusions,[1] but the two types of injury are grouped together in the ICD-9 and ICD-10 classification systems.
Signs and symptoms
A fifth of people with cerebral lacerations have a lucid interval and no significant changes in level of consciousness.[2] The level of consciousness decreases as the laceration bleeds and blood begins to build up within the skull.[2]
Associated injuries
Cerebral lacerations usually accompany other brain injuries and are often found with skull fractures on both sides of the head.[2] Frequently occurring in the same areas as contusions, lacerations are particularly common in the inferior frontal lobes and the poles of the temporal lobes.[1] When associated with diffuse axonal injury, the corpus callosum and the brain stem are common locations for laceration.[1] Lacerations are very common in penetrating and perforating head trauma and frequently accompany skull fractures; however, they may also occur in the absence of skull fracture.[1] Lacerations, which may result when brain tissue is stretched, are associated with intraparenchymal bleeding (bleeding into the brain tissue).[1]
Diagnosis
Prognosis
A cerebral laceration with large amounts of blood apparent on a CT scan is an indicator of poor prognosis.[2] The progression and course of complications (health effects that result from but are distinct from the injury itself) do not appear to be affected by a cerebral laceration's location or a mass effect it causes.[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 "Pathology of Head Trauma". Neuroimaging Clinics of North America 12 (2): 175–187, vii. 2002. doi:10.1016/S1052-5149(02)00009-6. PMID 12391630.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Granacher RP (2007). Traumatic Brain Injury: Methods for Clinical & Forensic Neuropsychiatric Assessment, Second Edition. Boca Raton: CRC. pp. 26. ISBN 978-0-8493-8138-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=xt1YFydzXKQC&pg=PA32. Retrieved 2008-07-06.
- ↑ "Neuropathology". Textbook Of Traumatic Brain Injury. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. 2005. pp. 29. ISBN 1-58562-105-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=3CuM6MviwMAC&pg=PA47. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
External links
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