Medicine:Dennie–Morgan fold
| Dennie–Morgan fold | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Morgan's line, Dennie's sign[1][2] |
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| Dennie–Morgan fold below the lower eyelid | |
A Dennie–Morgan fold, also known as a Dennie–Morgan line or an infraorbital fold, is a fold or line in the skin below the lower eyelid. It can simply be an ethnic/genetic trait,[3] but was found in one study to occur in 25% of patients with atopic dermatitis.[4] The presence of Dennie–Morgan folds can be used as a diagnostic marker for allergy,[5][6] with a sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 76% for atopic dermatitis according to one study,[7] although another study found them to be of diagnostic significance in atopic dermatitis.[8] The condition was described by Charles Clayton Dennie and David B. Morgan in 1948. [9][10]
The pathophysiology of this sign is not clear. One proposed mechanism is that continuous spasm of the superior tarsal muscle and skin edema could be due to hypoxia from poor circulation.[4]
A Dennie–Morgan fold should not be confused with an "allergic shiner", which is a purple-gray discoloration with associated fullness beneath the lower eyelid. This is related to the accumulation of blood and other fluid in the infraorbital groove resulting from nasal congestion.[4]
See also
- Charles Clayton Dennie
References
- ↑ CTMA 2019: Compendium of therapeutics for minor ailments (2018). Ottawa, Ontario: Canadian Pharmacists Association.
- ↑ Yen, Angela; Sanchez, Ramon; Oblender, Melanie; Raimer, Sharon (February 1996). "Leukemia cutis: Darier's sign in a neonate with acute lymphoblastic leukemia". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 34 (2): 375–378. doi:10.1016/S0190-9622(07)80012-0.
- ↑ "Infraorbital crease, ethnic group, and atopic dermatitis". Archives of Dermatology 132 (1): 51–4. January 1996. doi:10.1001/archderm.1996.03890250061010. PMID 8546483.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "Dennie-Morgan fold plus dark circles: suspect atopy at first sight". The Journal of Pediatrics 166 (6): 1541. June 2015. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.03.033. PMID 25890677.
- ↑ "A suggestive sign of allergy". Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology 57 (6): 1050. June 1948. doi:10.1001/archderm.1948.01520190129018. PMID 18098747.
- ↑ "Infraorbital fold in atopic dermatitis". Archives of Dermatology 117 (10): 627–9. October 1981. doi:10.1001/archderm.1981.01650100029022. PMID 7283456.
- ↑ "Validation and refinement of the Millennium Criteria for atopic dermatitis". The Journal of Dermatology 38 (9): 850–8. September 2011. doi:10.1111/j.1346-8138.2011.01202.x. PMID 21453318.
- ↑ "Minor clinical features of atopic dermatitis. Evaluation of their diagnostic significance". Dermatologica 177 (6): 360–4. 1988. doi:10.1159/000248607. PMID 3234581.
- ↑ "I Thought the Lines Around My Eyes Were Age-Related. They Were Actually Dennie-Morgan Lines". 12 February 2021. https://www.realself.com/news/dennie-morgan-lines?amp.
- ↑ MORGAN DB (1948). "A suggestive sign of allergy". Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology 57 (6): 1050. doi:10.1001/archderm.1948.01520190129018. PMID 18098747. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18098747/.
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