Multivesicular release
Multivesicular Release (MVR) is the phenomenon by which individual chemical synapses, forming the junction between neurons, is mediated by multiple releasable vesicles of neurotransmitter.[1] In neuroscience, whether one or many vesicles are released per action potential[2] depends on the synapse and has been shown to be more prevalent in humans.[3]
Examples
In the mammalian brain, MVR has been shown to be common throughout the brain including in hippocampus[1][4][5] and cerebellum.[6] It has also been proposed[7] and then refuted[8] at the ribbon synapses formed between inner hair cell and spiral ganglion neurons.[9] Recent evidence points to a possibility of MVR at neocortical connections of the somatosensory cortex[10] as well as in other brain regions (for a review see).[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Multivesicular release from excitatory synapses of cultured hippocampal neurons". Neuron 12 (1): 51–59. January 1994. doi:10.1016/0896-6273(94)90151-1. PMID 7507341.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "The ubiquitous nature of multivesicular release". Trends in Neurosciences 38 (7): 428–438. July 2015. doi:10.1016/j.tins.2015.05.008. PMID 26100141.
- ↑ "Human pyramidal to interneuron synapses are mediated by multi-vesicular release and multiple docked vesicles". eLife 5: e18167. August 2016. doi:10.7554/eLife.18167. PMID 27536876.
- ↑ "Facilitation at single synapses probed with optical quantal analysis". Nature Neuroscience 5 (7): 657–664. July 2002. doi:10.1038/nn867. PMID 12055631.
- ↑ "Multivesicular release at Schaffer collateral-CA1 hippocampal synapses". The Journal of Neuroscience 26 (1): 210–216. January 2006. doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4307-05.2006. PMID 16399689.
- ↑ "Multivesicular release at climbing fiber-Purkinje cell synapses". Neuron 32 (2): 301–313. October 2001. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00488-3. PMID 11683999.
- ↑ "Transmitter release at the hair cell ribbon synapse". Nature Neuroscience 5 (2): 147–154. February 2002. doi:10.1038/nn796. PMID 11802170.
- ↑ "Uniquantal release through a dynamic fusion pore is a candidate mechanism of hair cell exocytosis". Neuron 83 (6): 1389–1403. September 2014. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2014.08.003. PMID 25199706.
- ↑ "Time and intensity coding at the hair cell's ribbon synapse". The Journal of Physiology 566 (Pt 1): 7–12. July 2005. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2004.082214. PMID 15845587.
- ↑ "Multivesicular release differentiates the reliability of synaptic transmission between the visual cortex and the somatosensory cortex". The Journal of Neuroscience 30 (36): 11994–12004. September 2010. doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2381-10.2010. PMID 20826663.
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