Organization:Green America

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Green America (known as Co-op America until January 1, 2009) is a nonprofit membership organization based in the United States that promotes environmentally aware, ethical consumerism. Founded in 1982, by Paul Freundlich,[1][2]Green America states that the purpose is to harnessing the economic power of consumers and businesses to promote social justice and environmental sustainability.[3] The approach of helping consumers find environmentally compliant companies[4] in the marketplace. Green America provides businesses with the Green America Seal of Approval. have completed Green America's screening process and have been approved to be listed in their National Green Pages[5] directory. The Green America Approved seal is given to applicant businesses that operate in ways that support workers, communities, and protect the environment.[6][7]

History

Co-op America (now Green America) had its roots in the environmental and social justice movements of the '70s. Founder, Paul Freundlich, thought that there was a significant segment of Americans who had been changed by the culture of recent decades,[8] yet had not found a way to express that in their lives.[9] Some regional businesses had grown out of similar values, yet lacked access to a customer base sufficient for growth.[10] Co-op America began as a collaborative marketplace, speaking to the shared interests of consumers and business, by a staff and an elected governance structure. Co-op America published a quarterly journal, Building Economic Alternatives, and a catalog of goods and services.[10]

Co-op America received support from Consumers United's President, James P. Gibbons. The Co-op Catalog was developed and supervised by Denise Hamler, who joined staff in 1982, and has continued to manage major program including National Green Pages and Green Festivals. Alisa Gravitz became a consultant in 1983 and in 1990 succeeded Paul Freundlich as Executive Director. Paul remained on the Board of Directors as Founder and President Emeritus.

Programs

Green America has programs to promote environmental preservation and on the improvement of human rights, in the areas of food, finance, labor, and climate. In 2019 these were some of the programs were available:

Cocoa season in Cameroon

The true cost of two-day shipping is a program exposing the poor conditions in the warehouses that pack and ship for Amazon.[11][12][13]

The immigrants who feed the country:[14] exposing the low wages and poor working conditions of workers who harvest food crops in the US.[15]

Raise the Bar, Hershey is a campaign urge the Hershey chocolate company to go fair trade, as well as adopt more transparent sourcing policies.[16] Green America is part of Voice, an watchdog coalition for a reformed cocoa industry.[17] Godiva chocolates and child labor is one focus.[18][19]Global Exchange and International Labor Rights Forum are also part of the program[20]

Publications

Green America publishes the National Green Pages,[21][5][22]a nationwide directory of screened, socially and environmental responsible businesses in the United States.[23] It is intended to connect consumers with green products from green businesses.

Your Green Life is an annual publication that is a guide for consumers who wish to make responsible choices when purchasing goods or services.[24]

References

  1. ↑ "20 Years of Green Living : Columbia River". https://www.greenlivingjournal.com/page.php?p=1000410. 
  2. ↑ The new village green : living light, living local, living large. Morris, Stephen, 1948-. Gabriola, B.C.: New Society Publishers. 2007. ISBN 978-1550923445. OCLC 567901307. 
  3. ↑ Hardner, Jared; Rice, Richard (2002). "Rethinking GREEN CONSUMERISM". Scientific American 286 (5): 88–95. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0502-88. ISSN 0036-8733. PMID 11951336. 
  4. ↑ Sustainability in America's cities : creating the green metropolis. Slavin, Matthew I.. Washington: Island Press. 2011. ISBN 9781610910286. OCLC 755081438. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "National Green Pages". https://www.sustainable.org/living/responsible-buying-a-consumption/602-national-green-pages. 
  6. ↑ Ottman, Jacquelyn A. (1992-04-01). "Industry's Response to Green Consumerism" (in en). Journal of Business Strategy 13 (4): 3–7. doi:10.1108/eb039498. ISSN 0275-6668. PMID 10120307. 
  7. ↑ "Can Trustmarks Be Trusted? BBMG Report Finds That Very Few Green Certifications Having an Impact – Press Releases on CSRwire.com". https://www.csrwire.com/press_releases/27704-Can-Trustmarks-Be-Trusted-BBMG-Report-Finds-That-Very-Few-Green-Certifications-Having-an-Impact-. 
  8. ↑ Mazar, Nina; Zhong, Chen-Bo (April 2010). "Do Green Products Make Us Better People?" (in en). Psychological Science 21 (4): 494–498. doi:10.1177/0956797610363538. ISSN 0956-7976. PMID 20424089. 
  9. ↑ Green culture : environmental rhetoric in contemporary America. Herndl, Carl George., Brown, Stuart C. (Stuart Cameron), 1955-. Madison, Wis.: University of Wisconsin Press. 1996. ISBN 0299149900. OCLC 33335361. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Boström, Magnus. (2008). Eco-standards, product labelling and green consumerism. Klintman, Mikael, 1968-. Basingstoke [England]: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9780230584006. OCLC 314769591. 
  11. ↑ Spitznagel, Eric (2019-07-13). "Inside the hellish workday of an Amazon warehouse employee" (in en). https://nypost.com/2019/07/13/inside-the-hellish-workday-of-an-amazon-warehouse-employee/. 
  12. ↑ Glaser, April (2019-07-16). "What's Prime Day Like for Amazon Warehouse Workers? We Asked One." (in en). https://slate.com/technology/2019/07/amazon-prime-day-fulfillment-center-working-conditions.html. 
  13. ↑ Gurley, Lauren Kaori (2019-10-03). "60 Amazon Workers Walked Out Over Warehouse Working Conditions" (in en). https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/pa7qny/60-amazon-workers-walked-out-over-warehouse-working-conditions. 
  14. ↑ "The Hands That Feed Us" (in en). https://www.emersoncollective.com/articles/2018/03/the-hands-that-feed-us. 
  15. ↑ "America cannot eat without immigrant food workers. These are their stories." (in en-CA). 2018-10-29. https://newfoodeconomy.org/hands-that-feed-us-immigrant-food-workers-in-their-own-words/. 
  16. ↑ Satre, Lowell J. (Lowell Joseph), 1942- (2005). Chocolate on trial : slavery, politics, and the ethics of business (1st ed.). Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press. ISBN 0821416251. OCLC 58478938. 
  17. ↑ "VOICE Network – A watchdog and catalyst for a reformed cocoa sector" (in en-US). https://www.voicenetwork.eu/. 
  18. ↑ "Hershey, Nestle and Mars won't promise their chocolate is free of child labor" (in en). https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2019/business/hershey-nestle-mars-chocolate-child-labor-west-africa/. 
  19. ↑ "Child Labor and Slavery in the Chocolate Industry" (in en-US). https://foodispower.org/human-labor-slavery/slavery-chocolate/. 
  20. ↑ "Raise the Bar, Hershey! Campaign Welcomes Hershey's Announcement to Source 100% Certified Cocoa by 2020 | International Labor Rights Forum". https://laborrights.org/releases/raise-bar-hershey-campaign-welcomes-hersheys-announcement-source-100-certified-cocoa-2020. 
  21. ↑ DC, Green America, Washington. "New 2017 "National Green Pages" is Definitive Consumer Resource for Responsible Shopping for the Holidays and Every Day" (in en). https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/new-2017-national-green-pages-is-definitive-consumer-resource-for-responsible-shopping-for-the-holidays-and-every-day-300365149.html. 
  22. ↑ Ottman, Jacqueline. "Know Thy Target | Sustainability Marketing, The New Rules of Green Marketing Book | J. Ottman Consulting" (in en). http://www.greenmarketing.com/articles/complete/know-thy-target/. 
  23. ↑ Scruton, Roger. (2012). How to think seriously about the planet : the case for an environmental conservatism. Scruton, Roger.. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199895588. OCLC 794003747. 
  24. ↑ Green America. (2012). National green pages. [the directory of products and services for people and the planet]. Green America. OCLC 841811305. 

External links




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