Organization:International Dark-Sky Association

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Short description: Environmental organization
International Dark-Sky Association
The International Dark-Sky Association Inc.
International Dark-Sky Association logo.png
AbbreviationIDA
Formation1988; 36 years ago (1988)
Founded atUnited States
TypeNonprofit
74-2493011
Legal status501(c)(3)
HeadquartersTucson, Arizona, United States
Board President
Tom Reinert
CEO & Executive Director
Ruskin Hartley
Tom Reinert; Nalayini Brito-Davies; Brad Schlesselman; Ken Walczak; Diane Knutson; Connie Walker; Kevin Gaston Ph.D.; Sibylle Schroer; SergioMontúfar Codoñer; Mike Simmons; Paulina Villalobos; Samyukta Manikumar; Fernando Avila Castro; Doug Barker
Websitehttps://www.darksky.org/

The International Dark-Sky Association (IDA) is a United States-based non-profit organization incorporated in 1988 by founders David Crawford, a professional astronomer, and Tim Hunter, a physician and amateur astronomer. The mission of the IDA is "to preserve and protect the night time environment and our heritage of dark skies through quality outdoor lighting."[1]

Light pollution is the result of outdoor lighting that is not properly shielded, allowing light shine into the eyes and night sky. Direct light that shines into the eyes is called glare, and light directed into the night sky above the horizon causes skyglow. Lighting can also cause light trespass when it enters areas where unwanted (e.g. a neighbor's yard and windows). IDA was the first organization in the dark-sky movement, and is currently the largest.

Principal approach

IDA's principal approach is to raise awareness about the value of dark, star-filled night skies and encourage their protection and restoration through education about the problems and solutions, including outdoor lighting practices that create less light pollution. In 2011, the organization had about 5,000 members in 70 countries.

International Dark Sky Places

To promote awareness about the issues, the IDA has an International Dark Sky Places program that aims "to encourage communities, parks and protected areas around the world to preserve and protect dark sites through responsible lighting policies and public education". There are currently five types of designation for International Dark Sky Places: [2]

  • International Dark Sky Sanctuaries
  • International Dark Sky Parks
  • International Dark Sky Reserves
  • International Dark Sky Communities
  • Urban Night Sky Places

International Dark Sky Sanctuaries

IDA describes Dark Sky Sanctuaries as "the most remote (and often darkest) places in the world whose conservation state is most fragile".

  • !Ae!Hai Kalahari Heritage Park South Africa, designated 2019
  • Aotea / Great Barrier Island New Zealand, designated 2017[3]
  • Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness, Minnesota, United States, designated 2020
  • Beaver Island[4]
  • Cosmic Campground United States, designated 2016
  • Devils River State Natural Area – Del Norte Unit United States, designated 2019
  • Bardsey Island/Ynys Enlli - Wales (United Kingdom), designated 2023[5]
  • Gabriela Mistral Dark Sky Sanctuary Elqui Valley, Chile, designated 2015
  • Katahdin Woods and Waters National Monument United States, designated 2020
  • Massacre Rim Wilderness Study Area Washoe County, Nevada United States, designated 2019
  • Medicine Rocks State Park United States, designated 2020
  • Niue, designated 2020 – the first entire country to be designated.[6]
  • Pitcairn Islands designated 2019[7]
  • Rainbow Bridge National Monument United States, designated 2018
  • Stewart Island / Rakiura New Zealand, designated 2019 [8]
  • The Jump-Up Queensland, Australia, designated 2019[9]

International Dark Sky Parks

IDA describes Dark Sky Parks as "publicly- or privately-owned spaces protected for natural conservation that implement good outdoor lighting and provide dark sky programs for visitors".

  • Natural Bridges National Monument, Utah, United States, designated 2006
  • Cherry Springs State Park, Pennsylvania, United States, designated 2008
  • Galloway Forest Park, Scotland, United Kingdom, designated 2009
  • Zselic National Landscape Protection Area, Hungary, designated 2009
  • Clayton Lake State Park, New Mexico, United States, designated 2010
  • Goldendale Observatory State Park, Washington (state) , United States, designated 2010, suspended 2016, revoked 2017
  • Hortobágy National Park, Hungary, designated 2011
  • The Headlands, Michigan, United States, designated 2011
  • Observatory Park, Ohio, United States, designated 2011
  • Big Bend National Park, Texas , United States, designated 2012
  • Big Bend Ranch State Park, Texas, United States, designated 2017[10]
  • Death Valley National Park, California , United States, designated 2013
  • Chaco Culture National Historical Park, New Mexico, United States, designated 2013
  • Northumberland National Park, England, United Kingdom, designated 2013
  • Eifel National Park, Germany , designated 2014
  • Mayland Community College Blue Ridge Observatory and Star Park, North Carolina, United States, designated 2014
  • Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument, Arizona, United States, designated 2014
  • Hovenweep National Monument, Utah and Colorado, United States, designated 2014[11]
  • Copper Breaks State Park, Texas, United States, designated 2014
  • Enchanted Rock State Natural Area, Texas, United States, designated 2014
  • Elan Valley Estate, Wales, United Kingdom, designated 2015[12]
  • Yeongyang Firefly Eco Park, Yeongyang, South Korea , designated 2015[13]
  • Mayo International Dark Sky Park, County Mayo, Republic of Ireland, designated 2016[14][15]
  • Warrumbungle National Park, New South Wales, Australia, designated 2016[16][17]
  • Dead Horse Point State Park, Utah, United States, designated 2016
  • Wupatki National Monument, Arizona, United States, designated 2016
  • Walnut Canyon National Monument, Arizona, United States, designated 2016
  • Sunset Crater National Monument, Arizona, United States, designated 2016
  • Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park, Alberta, Canada and Montana, United States, designated 2017[18]
  • Ramon Crater, Negev Desert, Israel, designated 2017[19]
  • Kartchner Caverns State Park, Arizona, United States, designated 2017[20]
  • Joshua Tree National Park, California, United States, designated 2017
  • Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve, Idaho, designated 2017[21]
  • Obed Wild and Scenic River, Tennessee, United States, designated 2017
  • Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, California, United States, designated 2018[22]
  • Iriomote-Ishigaki National Park, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, designated 2018
  • Steinaker State Park, Utah, United States, designated 2018
  • Middle Fork River Forest Preserve, Illinois, United States, designated 2018
  • Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, United States, designated 2019
  • Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, Colorado, United States, designated 2019[23]
  • Hehuan Mountain, Nantou County, Taiwan, designated 2019[24]
  • El Morro National Monument, New Mexico, United States, designated 2019[25]
  • Kōzu-shima, Tokyo Metropolis, Japan, designated 2020
  • Quetico Provincial Park, Ontario, Canada, designated 2021[26]
  • Valles Caldera National Preserve, New Mexico, United States, designated 2021[27]
  • Sky Meadows State Park, Virginia, United States, designated 2021
  • City of Rocks National Reserve, Idaho, United States, designated 2023[28]
  • Aenos National Park, Cephalonia, Greece, designated 2023[29]

International Dark Sky Reserves

IDA describes Dark Sky Reserves as "dark 'core' zones surrounded by a populated periphery where policy controls are enacted to protect the darkness of the core".

  • Aoraki Mackenzie International Dark Sky Reserve, South Island, New Zealand, designated 2012[30]
  • Brecon Beacons National Park, Wales, United Kingdom, designated 2013
  • Central Idaho Dark Sky Reserve, Idaho, United States, designated 2017
  • Exmoor National Park, England, United Kingdom, designated 2011
  • Kerry International Dark-Sky Reserve, County Kerry, Ireland, designated 2014
  • The Reserve at Mont-Mégantic, Quebec, Canada, designated 2008
  • Moore's Reserve (South Downs), England, designated 2016
  • NamibRand Nature Reserve, Namibia, Africa, designated 2012
  • Pic du Midi, France, designated 2013
  • Rhön Biosphere Reserve, Germany, designated 2014
  • River Murray International Dark Sky Reserve, near Swan Reach, South Australia, designated 2019[31]
  • Snowdonia National Park, Wales, designated 2015
  • Westhavelland Nature Park, Germany, designated 2014
  • Newport State Park, Wisconsin, United States, designated 2017
  • Indian Astronomical Observatory (IAO), India, designated 2022
  • Wairarapa Dark Sky Reserve, New Zealand, designated 2023 [32]

International Dark Sky Communities

IDA describes Dark Sky Communities as "legally organized cities and towns that adopt quality outdoor lighting ordinances and undertake efforts to educate residents about the importance of dark skies".

  • Flagstaff, Arizona, United States, designated 2001
  • Borrego Springs, California, United States, designated 2009
  • Sark, Channel Islands, designated 2011
  • Homer Glen, Illinois, United States, designated 2011
  • Coll in the Inner Hebrides of Scotland, designated 2013[33]
  • Dripping Springs, Texas, United States, designated 2014
  • Beverly Shores, Indiana, United States, designated 2014[34]
  • Sedona, Arizona, United States, designated 2014[35]
  • Westcliffe and Silver Cliff, Colorado, United States, designated 2015[36]
  • Thunder Mountain Pootsee Nightsky, Arizona, United States, designated 2015[37]
  • Bon Accord, Alberta, Canada, designated 2015[38]
  • Horseshoe Bay, Texas, designated 2015
  • Moffat, Scotland, designated 2016
  • Big Park/Village of Oak Creek, Arizona, designated 2016
  • River Oaks, Texas, Dark Sky Friendly Development of Distinction, designated 2017
  • Ketchum, Idaho, designated 2017
  • Møn, Denmark & Nyord, Denmark, designated 2017
  • Fountain Hills, Arizona, designated 2018
  • Torrey, Utah, designated 2018
  • Camp Verde, Arizona, designated 2018
  • Wimberley and Woodcreek, Texas designated 2018
  • Lakewood Village, Texas, designated 2020
  • Crestone, Colorado, designated in 2020[39]
  • Groveland, Florida, designated in 2023

Urban Night Sky Places

IDA describes Urban Night Sky Places as "sites near or surrounded by large urban environs whose planning and design actively promote an authentic nighttime experience in the midst of significant artificial light at night, and that otherwise do not qualify for designation within any other International Dark Sky Places category".

  • Fry Family Park, Ohio, U.S., designated 2021
  • Palos Preserves, Illinois, U.S., designated 2021
  • Stacy Park, Missouri, U.S., designated 2021
  • Timpanogos Cave National Monument, Utah, U.S., designated 2020
  • Valle de Oro National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico, U.S., designated 2019

Fixture Seal of Approval

To promote the use of responsible outdoor lighting that minimizes light pollution, the IDA offers a Fixture Seal of Approval program. The program provides objective, third-party certification for lighting products that minimize glare, reduce light trespass, and do not pollute the night sky.[40]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "IDA Mission & Goals". Archived from the original on March 28, 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20090328131744/http://www.darksky.org/mc/page.do?sitePageId=56411&orgId=idsa. 
  2. ↑ "International Dark Sky Places". International Dark-Sky Association. https://www.darksky.org/our-work/conservation/idsp/. 
  3. ↑ Maude, Simon (20 August 2017). "Great Barrier Island recognised as a Dark Sky Sanctuary". Stuff. https://www.stuff.co.nz/science/95959306/great-barrier-island-recognised-as-a-dark-sky-sanctuary. 
  4. ↑ "Dark Sky Island | Beaver Island Trails" (in en-US). http://www.beaverislandbirdingtrail.org/dark-sky-island/. 
  5. ↑ Morris, Steven; Barkham, Patrick (2023-02-23). "Ynys Enlli off Welsh coast designated as a dark sky sanctuary" (in en-GB). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/feb/23/ynys-enlli-bardsey-island-off-welsh-coast-designated-dark-sky-sanctuary. 
  6. ↑ Valerie Stimack (March 10, 2020). "Pacific Island Niue Becomes The World's First Dark Sky Nation". https://www.forbes.com/sites/valeriestimac/2020/03/10/pacific-island-niue-to-become-worlds-first-dark-sky-nation/#35ef6c334067. 
  7. ↑ Carter, Jamie (16 April 2019). "It Takes Two Days To Reach The Latest Super-Remote 'Dark Sky Sanctuary'. Blame Light Pollution". https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamiecartereurope/2019/04/16/it-takes-two-days-to-reach-the-latest-super-remote-dark-sky-sanctuary-as-light-pollution-spreads/?sh=1ca9538e3cec. 
  8. ↑ "New night sky sanctuary tipped to shine a spotlight on Stewart Island". RNZ. 7 January 2019. https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/379570/new-night-sky-sanctuary-tipped-to-shine-a-spotlight-on-stewart-island. 
  9. ↑ Ciampi, Marissa (18 March 2021). "The Best Places for Stargazing Around Australia". https://concreteplayground.com/sydney/travel-leisure/the-best-places-for-stargazing-around-australia. 
  10. ↑ "Big Bend Ranch State Park (U.S.)" (in en-US). https://www.darksky.org/our-work/conservation/idsp/parks/big-bend-ranch-state-park/. 
  11. ↑ "Hovenweep National Monument Named World's Newest International Dark Sky Park" (Press release). Tucson: SBWire. 2014-07-01. Retrieved 2014-07-14.
  12. ↑ "Elan Valley Estate gets Dark Sky Status". ITV News. 2015-07-17. http://www.itv.com/news/wales/2015-07-17/all-eyes-to-the-skies-elan-valley-estate-gets-dark-sky-park-status/. 
  13. ↑ "Yeongyang Firefly Eco Park (South Korea)". http://darksky.org/idsp/parks/yeongyang/. 
  14. ↑ "First International Dark Sky Park in Ireland Receives Accreditation" (in en-US). IDA. 5 May 2016. http://darksky.org/first-international-dark-sky-park-in-ireland-receives-accreditation/. 
  15. ↑ "Mayo Dark Sky Park" (in en-gb). http://www.ballycroynationalpark.ie/mayo-dark-sky-park. 
  16. ↑ "Warrumbungles Becomes Australia's First 'Dark Sky Park&#039". http://www.huffingtonpost.com.au/2016/07/03/warrumbungles-becomes-australias-first-dark-sky-park/. 
  17. ↑ "First Dark Sky Park in Australia Designated". IDA. 2016-07-04. http://darksky.org/first-dark-sky-park-in-australia-designated/. 
  18. ↑ "2017: Summer Guide to Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park". National Park Service. p. 1. http://www.nps.gov/glac/upload/WGG-Web-2017.pdf. 
  19. ↑ "Ramon Crater Named First International Dark Sky Place in the Mideast". IDA. 2017-09-14. http://www.darksky.org/ramon-crater-named-first-international-dark-sky-place-in-the-mideast/. 
  20. ↑ "Fifth International Dark Sky Park in Arizona Designated". IDA. 2017-08-31. http://www.darksky.org/fifth-international-dark-sky-park-in-arizona-designated/. 
  21. ↑ Craters Of The Moon National Monument (U.S.)
  22. ↑ "Anza-Borrego Desert State Park (U.S.)". http://darksky.org/idsp/parks/anzaborrego/. 
  23. ↑ "Great Sand Dunes Designated as International Dark Sky Park". IDA. 2019-05-10. https://www.darksky.org/great-sand-dunes-designated-as-international-dark-sky-park/. 
  24. ↑ "Hehuan Mountain becomes Taiwan's first International Dark Sky Park". IDA. 2019-07-31. https://www.darksky.org/hehuan-mountain-becomes-taiwans-first-international-dark-sky-park/. 
  25. ↑ "El Morro National Monument Certified as an International Dark Sky Park" (in en-US). 2019-12-17. https://www.darksky.org/el-morro-national-monument-certified-as-an-international-dark-sky-park/. 
  26. ↑ "Quetico Provincial Park Awarded International Dark Sky Park Designation". 23 February 2021. https://www.darksky.org/quetico-provincial-park-awarded-international-dark-sky-park-designation/?eType=EmailBlastContent&eId=29540577-eed9-4a74-a709-76d148c7e893. 
  27. ↑ "Valles Caldera National Preserve Receives International Dark Sky Park Certification". 3 February 2021. https://www.darksky.org/valles-caldera-national-preserve-receives-international-dark-sky-park-certification/?eType=EmailBlastContent&eId=29540577-eed9-4a74-a709-76d148c7e893. 
  28. ↑ "City of Rocks National Reserve Achieves International Dark Sky Park Certification" (in en-US). 2 February 2023. https://www.darksky.org/city-of-rocks-national-reserve-achieves-international-dark-sky-park-certification/. 
  29. ↑ "Aenos National Park named first International Dark Sky Park in Greece" (in en-US). 9 June 2023. https://www.darksky.org/aenos-national-park-named-first-international-dark-sky-park-in-greece/. 
  30. ↑ Gibson, Jacqui (3 August 2021). "'There's drama Everywhere': Dark Sky adventure at Takapō". New Zealand Herald. https://www.nzherald.co.nz/travel/go-nz-stargazing-in-mackenzie-country-and-winter-dark-sky-adventures/ANXARIQRPXTUSKILTAZEN2QGWM/. 
  31. ↑ "The International Dark-Sky Association (IDA)". 7 November 2019. https://www.darksky.org/our-work/conservation/idsp/reserves/river-murray/. 
  32. ↑ "Wairarapa Dark Sky Reserve (New Zealand)". https://www.darksky.org/our-work/conservation/idsp/reserves/wairarapa-dark-sky-reserve-new-zealand/. 
  33. ↑ "Isle of Coll secures 'dark isle' status". BBC News. 9 December 2013. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-glasgow-west-25300740. 
  34. ↑ Keagle, Lauri Harvey (2014-06-25). "Beverly Shores named world's seventh Dark Sky Community". NWI Times. http://www.nwitimes.com/news/local/porter/duneland/beverly-shores/beverly-shores-named-world-s-seventh-dark-sky-community/article_aac7c92a-371a-5958-915b-aa40c79876ec.html. 
  35. ↑ Heinsius, Ryan (2014-08-05). "Sedona Becomes the Newest International Dark Sky Community". KNAU. http://knau.org/post/sedona-becomes-newest-international-dark-sky-community. 
  36. ↑ "Two Colorado Towns Come Together as Colorado's First International Dark Sky Community status". IDA. 9 March 2015. http://www.darksky.org/assets/Night_Sky_Conservation/Communities/WSC_IDSC_press_release_FINAL.pdf. 
  37. ↑ "Thunder Mountain Pootsee Nightsky (U.S.)". http://darksky.org/idsp/communities/kaibabpaiute/. 
  38. ↑ "Alberta Town Named First International Dark Sky Community In Canada". International Dark-Sky Association. August 12, 2015. http://darksky.org/alberta-town-named-first-international-dark-sky-community-in-canada/. 
  39. ↑ "International Dark Sky Association" (in en-US). https://www.darksky.org/. 
  40. ↑ "Fixture Seal of Approval" (in en-US). 2014-09-04. https://www.darksky.org/our-work/lighting/lighting-for-industry/fsa/. 

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