Organization:Western Washington University

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Short description: Public university in Bellingham, Washington, US
Western Washington University
WesternWashingtonUniversitySeal.png
Former names
Northwest Normal School (1886–1893)
New Whatcom Normal School (1893–1901)
State Normal School at Whatcom
Washington State Normal School at Bellingham (1901–1904)
Western Washington College of Education (1904–1937)
Western Washington State College (1937–1977)
Motto"Make Waves"[1]
TypePublic university
EstablishedFebruary 24, 1893; 131 years ago (1893-02-24)
Academic affiliation
COP[2]
Endowment$109.8 million (2022)[3]
PresidentSabah Randhawa
ProvostBrad Johnson[4]
Academic staff
684 full time (2022)[5]
Administrative staff
1,437 (2018)[6]
Students14,747 (2022)[5]
Undergraduates13,801 (2022)[5]
Postgraduates947 (2022)[5]
Location
Bellingham
,
Washington (state)
,
United States

[ ⚑ ] : 48°44′02″N 122°29′10″W / 48.734°N 122.486°W / 48.734; -122.486
CampusSmall city[7]
Other campuses[8]
  • Anacortes
  • Bremerton
  • Burien
  • Everett
  • Kirkland
  • Port Angeles
  • Poulsbo
  • Renton
NewspaperThe Western Front
|u}}rsBlue, light blue, gray, black, and white[9]
                        
NicknameVikings
Sporting affiliations
  • NCAA Division II - GNAC
  • NCRC
MascotVictor E. Viking[10]
Websitewwu.edu
Western Washington University Logo.png
Western Washington University is located in Washington (state)
Western Washington University
Location in Washington (state)

Western Washington University (WWU or Western) is a public university in Bellingham, Washington. The northernmost university in the contiguous United States, WWU was founded in 1893 as the state-funded New Whatcom Normal School, succeeding a private school of teaching for women founded in 1886. The university adopted its present name in 1977.

WWU offers a variety of bachelor's and master's degrees, as well as limited doctorates. (As of 2022), there were 14,747 students, 13,801 of whom were undergraduate students, and 664 full time faculty.[5] Its athletic teams are known as the Vikings, which compete in Division II of the National Collegiate Athletic Association.

The main campus is located on 215 acres in Bellingham[11][12] with a branch campus marine center in Anacortes.[13] The university is accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities. Additional accreditation is held by individual colleges.

History

Old Main

Western was established as the Northwest Normal School, a teachers' school predominantly for women although men also enrolled, by Phoebe Judson in Lynden, Washington, in 1886.[14] Eventually the school moved to Bellingham (then "New Whatcom"), and through the efforts of William R. Moultray and George Judson (Phoebe's son).[15] Governor John McGraw signed legislation establishing the New Whatcom Normal School on February 24, 1893. In November 1895, construction began on a permanent school building, now known as Old Main, the current administration building. Designed by prominent Seattle architects Warren Skillings & James Corner, it was completed by early 1897 but could not be opened to students until funds could be secured to install heating, lighting, and to do general grounds maintenance, which were not included in the original contract.[16] The first official class entered in 1899, composed of 88 students.

The institution that is now Western Washington University underwent several name changes. In 1901, the school's name was changed to State Normal School at Whatcom to reflect New Whatcom's name change. In 1904, the name was changed to Washington State Normal School at Bellingham when the townships of Whatcom and Fairhaven joined, and again in 1937, to Western Washington College of Education when it became a four-year college. Twenty-four years later it became Western Washington State College and finally, in 1977, the institution gained university status and changed to its present name.

The 1960s was a period of especially rapid growth for Western, as its enrollment increased from 3,000 students to over 10,000 during the decade. Also during this time, the Fairhaven College of Interdisciplinary Studies was founded (1967), with non-traditional education methods that would serve as a model for Evergreen State College in Olympia, Washington. Two years later, the College of the Environment, the nation's first dedicated environmental science college, was founded, continuing Western's trend toward "cluster" colleges. That same year, on a spring afternoon, students gained headlines by blocking Interstate 5 to protest the Vietnam War. Also in 1969, the College of Ethnic Studies was established; however, after being met with significant resistance, it was dismantled in 1975.[17]

Since this period, the College of Arts and Sciences was founded (1973) and divided into the College of Humanities & Social Sciences and the College of Science & Engineering (2003); the College of Fine and Performing Arts was formed from several art departments (1975); and the College of Business and Economics was established (1976).

Today, WWU has a student body that currently consists of over 16,000 students. The university is the third largest in Washington after Washington State University and the University of Washington.

Campus

Campus, Looking North to Downtown Bellingham
Fisher Fountain

WWU is located in Bellingham, a city of about 95,000 people, overlooking Bellingham Bay and many of the San Juan Islands. The university is 90 miles (140 km) north of Seattle, 55 miles (89 km) south of Vancouver , British Columbia, and an hour's drive from 10,778-foot (3,285 m) Mount Baker. The university is located close to Interstate 5.

Wilson Library

The campus is 215 acres (87 ha), including the 38-acre (15 ha) Sehome Hill Arboretum, operated jointly with the City of Bellingham. Campus facilities include an electronic music studio, an air pollution lab, a motor vehicle research lab, a marine research lab, a wind tunnel, an electron microscope, and a neutron generator lab. Western's Vehicle Research Institute has led Automobile Magazine to describe Western as "very possibly the best school in the country for total car design."[18] Western also has off-campus facilities at Shannon Point Marine Center in Anacortes, Washington; Lakewood, a 15-acre (6.1 ha) student-university facility at nearby Lake Whatcom; and Whatcom County property used for environmental and aquatic analyses.

Public sculpture collection

Scepter (1966) by Steve Tibbetts

WWU's prized collection of outdoor and indoor public art sculptures is a major presence on its campus. The collection, funded by the Washington State Arts Commission, the National Endowment for the Arts, and private donations, includes 36 works:[19] Founded in 1960,[20] the collection includes large-scale works by James FitzGerald, Isamu Noguchi, Robert Morris, Mark di Suvero, Anthony Caro, Nancy Holt, Beverly Pepper, Richard Serra, Donald Judd and Bruce Nauman, among others.

Academics

Academic organization

Western offers multiple bachelor's degrees, as well as the degrees of Master of Arts, Master of Science, Master of Education, Master in Teaching, Master of Business Administration, Master of Professional Accounting, Master of Fine Arts, Master of Music, Clinical Doctorate in Audiology, and Doctor of Education.[21] The university is also authorized to award honorary degrees.[22] The university is composed of the following colleges:

Chemistry Building
Parks Hall, Home of the College of Business and Economics
  • College of Business & Economics
  • College of Fine & Performing Arts
  • College of Humanities & Social Sciences
  • College of Science & Engineering
  • College of the Environment
  • Fairhaven College of Interdisciplinary Studies
  • Woodring College of Education


Accreditation

The university is accredited by the following:

Honors

The undergraduate honors program offers merit scholarships worth up to $5,000. These scholarships are awarded to successful applicants to the honors program. No separate application is necessary.[30] High-achieving freshmen from colleges in other western states can enroll at Western at a reduced tuition level that is equivalent to a $30,000 four-year scholarship.[31]

Rankings

In 2022-23, U.S. News ranked Western as the top public master's granting university in the Pacific Northwest, while placing 14th overall in the West (both public and private).[32] Western was one of only two public schools ranked among the top 25 Master's-Granting Universities (West) category. The universities found in this ranking are schools that lack doctoral programs but still retain master's programs. The institution has a 93% acceptance rate.[33]

Western Washington University ranked first among the top medium-sized colleges and universities with alumni serving as Peace Corps volunteers in 2013 and 2014.[34]

Notable degree programs

  • The Philosophical Gourmet Report mentions Western as having one of the nation's best philosophy departments among colleges and universities that offer only a B.A. in the discipline. Western was among only seven public universities so honored.[35]
  • The Center for Canadian American Studies at Western Washington University is one of only two U.S. Department of Education–designated National Resource Centers for the study of Canada in the United States.[36]

Research institutes and laboratories

College of Business and Economics

  • Center for Economics and Business Research[37]
  • Center for Economic & Financial Education[38]
  • Center for Excellence in Management Education[39]
  • Center for International Business[40]
  • Small Business Development Center[41]
  • Center for Operations Research and Management Sciences[42]
  • Small Business Development Center[41]
  • Manufacturing Supply Chain Management[41]

College of Humanities and Social Sciences

  • Border Policy Research Institute[43]
  • Center for Cross-Cultural Research[44]
  • Center for Pacific Northwest Studies[45]
  • Center for Performance Excellence[46]
  • Critical Junctures Institute[47]
  • Demographics Research Laboratory
  • Institute for Literary Sciences
  • Karen W. Morse Institute of Leadership[48]

College of Science and Engineering

  • Advanced Material Science and Engineering Center[49]
  • Internet Studies Center[50]
  • Vehicle Research Institute[51]

College of the Environment

  • Institute for Watershed Studies[52]
  • The Spatial Institute[53]
  • Institute of Environmental Toxicology[54]
  • The Resilience Institute[55]

Multi-College

  • Center for Instructional Innovation and Assessment[56]
  • Shannon Point Marine Center[57]
  • BRAIN Behavioral Neuroscience program[58]
  • Institute for Energy Studies[59]
  • Center for Continuing Education and Rehabilitation[60] (with University of Washington)
  • Center for Education Data and Research[61] (with University of Washington)

Athletics

WWU is an official member of NCAA Division II,[62] having joined in September 1998. In 2011–12, approximately 350 students are participating in 15 varsity sports at Western, six for men and nine for women. In 2010–11, WWU placed seventh among 310 NCAA Division II schools in the Sports Director's Cup national all-sports standings, the second-highest finish in school history. The Vikings were sixth in 2009–2010 and tenth in 2008–2009. WWU has had eight straight Top 50 finishes and been among the Top 100 in each of its first 13 seasons as an NCAA II member.

In 2010–11, Western won its third straight and seventh overall Great Northwest Athletic Conference All-Sports championship, taking league titles in volleyball, men's golf and women's golf, and the regular-season crown in women's basketball. The Vikings, who won the Northwest Collegiate Rowing Conference championship, placed second in men's and women's cross country, men's and women's outdoor track, men's indoor track and softball.

The Vikings have won an NAIA national championship in softball (1998) and NCAA Division II national championships in women's rowing (2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2017),[63] men's basketball (2012)[64] and women's soccer (2016).[65] WWU athletes have also won individual national championships in track and field.[66]

Varsity sports

The Vikings field varsity teams for men and women in cross country, soccer, golf, basketball, and track & field. Women's teams compete in volleyball, softball, and rowing. Between 1903 and 2008 WWU fielded a football team but folded it in hopes of saving money to keep other WWU teams competitive.[67]

Club sports

In addition to its varsity sports programs, WWU also has a number of student-run club sports teams:[68][69]

  • Baseball
  • Rowing (Men's)
  • Climbing
  • Cycling
  • Equestrian
  • Fencing
  • Figure Skating
  • Golf
  • Hockey
  • Judo
  • Lacrosse (Men's and Women's)
  • Rugby (Men's and Women's)
  • Sailing
  • Swimming
  • Tennis
  • Ultimate (Men's and Women's)
  • Volleyball (Men's and Women's)
  • Wakeboarding
  • Water Polo (Men's and Women's)
  • Water Skiing
  • Wrestling

Students

A total of 16,121 students were in attendance at Western Washington University in the 2018–19 academic year.[5] 92 percent of students are under 25 years of age, and 84 percent are from Washington State.

Many students at Western Washington University participate in organized student government. The Associated Students of Western Washington University (ASWWU) is "an organization designed and run by Western students, the Associated Students (AS) seeks to ensure a fulfilling college and academic experience for all university students through the many services, facilities and programs it offers."[70] Within ASWWU, there are five main areas of focus: clubs, activities, programs, facilities & services, and governance.

The AS aims to provide "funding, space and services" to students "uniting around common interests."[70] The AS staff assist student development of clubs and provide advising, "continuity, referral and record keeping" throughout the entire process. Currently there are over two hundred student clubs in the following categories: Arts and Music, Cultural, Political, Special Interest, Gaming, Social Issues, Departmental, Limited Membership, Service, Religious, and Recreational.[70]

In the 2021–22 school year, the music department has a new course for music education majors called K-12 Classroom Accompanying Pedagogy (MUS 262.)[71] A new course in Music and Sustainability (MUS 397E) is available to all Western students.

The History Department offers HIST 390 which is a special topics class with in-depth readings of primary and secondary sources. In Spring of 2023, a HIST 390 on Indigenous History of North America was offered. The class covers the formation of the Iroquois confederacy, Mississipian chiefdoms, the Illinois people, Caddo people, and more.[72]

Students who desire to set up a table in Red Square to promote their club need to sign up for a space through the university. A blue board at the West side of Red Square has general university policy on freedom of speech and also guidelines for using chalk on the bricks.

There is a livestream of Red Square filmed from the top of Bond Hall.[73]

KUGS radio station accepts albums from students to air. KUGS also has a large library of vinyl records that can be listened to in the studio.

Media

There are multiple news outlets associated with the university.

Student publications

Student-run publications at WWU include:

  • The Front (formerly The Western Front)[74] is Western’s official student newspaper covering city-wide and greater county-wide news. It operates independently of the university itself, though articles are written, edited, and published by students of the university.[75] The Front was awarded as the "Best All-Around Non-Daily Student Newspaper" by the Society of Professional Journalists' Region 10 in 2017.[76] The newspaper's first edition as the Western Front was published on October 10, 1967.[77]
  • Klipsun Magazine is a quarterly student magazine.[78] Each issue of the magazine has a specific theme, and the periodical as a whole is intended to be an example of multimedia journalism.[79]
  • Occam's Razor, as well as Jeopardy, are formatted as academic journals, and aim to publish academic research done by Western undergraduates.[80]
  • The Planet is published as part of the university's environmental studies program.[81] The magazine promotes environmental awareness.[82]
  • Window: The Magazine of Western Washington University (often referred to as Window Magazine),[83] a magazine published two to three times a year by the university.[84] It won multiple silver and bronze Council for Advancement and Support of Education Circle of Excellence awards in 2019.[85]

The Student Publications Office of the university publishes the Front, Klipsun, Occam's Razor, and the Planet, as well as Jeopardy.[86] The Associated Students of Western Washington University also operates media services, including Wavelength, a weekly online and printed alternative news source.[87]

Official publications

An official source of news is WWU News (formerly Western Today), a source for official campus news operated by the Office of University Communications.[88]

Police

A WWUPD car in downtown Bellingham

The Western Washington University Police Department (abbreviated WWUPD) are a university police force at the university. The police chief of the department is Katryne "Katy" Potts,[89] who was sworn into the position in January 2023.[90] The department also has a staff of "Green Coats" under their public safety branch, who offer "safety escorts on campus, event security staffing and building access services for current students."[91]

People

Notable faculty

  • James Bertolino, English
  • Jeff Carroll, Psychology
  • Catherine T. Montgomery, Education
  • Suzanne Paola, English
  • Richard Purtill, Philosophy (emeritus)
  • Ada Swineford, Geologist[92]
  • Edward Vajda, Modern & Classical Languages
  • Christopher Wise, English

Notable alumni

  • Robert Angel, creator of Pictionary[93]
  • Richard Barlow, intelligence analyst[94]
  • Carrie Brownstein, member of the band Sleater-Kinney, star and co-creator of comedy television series Portlandia.[95]
  • Ryan Couture (2004), professional Mixed Martial Artist formerly competing in the UFC, and son of former UFC Heavyweight Champion Randy Couture[96]
  • Sarah Crouch, long-distance runner[97]
  • Mike Duncan (2002),[98] podcaster and author best known for The History of Rome and Revolutions
  • Darril Fosty (1992), author and documentarian
  • Ben Gibbard (1998), lead vocalist and guitarist of Death Cab for Cutie and The Postal Service[99]
  • Agnes Martin, minimalist artist
  • TJ Martin, Oscar winner of Best Feature Documentary for Undefeated, 2012[100][101]
  • Douglas Massey (1974), sociologist working as a professor at Princeton University and an adjunct professor at the University of Pennsylvania
  • Harrison Mills and Clayton Knight (2012), creators of electronic dance duo ODESZA[102]
  • Heather Purser, Seattle LGBT rights activist and Native American advocate[103]
  • Hiro Yamamoto, founding member and bassist of the rock band Soundgarden
  • Ijeoma Oluo, author and writer
  • William Dietrich, author and journalist
  • Julie Larson-Green, former CXO of Office Experience Organization at Microsoft
  • Agnes Martin, abstract painter known for her minimalist style
  • Ralph Munro, former Secretary of State of Washington
  • Elizabeth Peratrovich, civil rights activist who worked for equality on behalf of Alaska Natives
  • Jesse Moore, White House Associate Director of Public Engagement and Speechwriter to President Barack Obama[104]
  • Bob Robertson, voice of Washington State University Cougar Athletics for over 50 years[105]
  • Heidi Grant Murphy, a Canadian-American operatic soprano
  • Erin Wall, a Canadian-American operatic soprano[106]
  • John Michael Greer, author and druid[107]
  • Michael Farris,[108] CEO of Alliance Defending Freedom, an anti-LGBTQ hate group as designated by the Southern Poverty Law Center[109]
  • Kelli Linville, former Mayor of Bellingham and Member of the Washington House of Representatives[110]
  • Ben Dragavon, former American soccer player who is currently an assistant coach for Seattle Reign FC
  • Larry Springer, Member of the Washington House of Representatives[111]
  • Matt Overton, long snapper for the Los Angeles Chargers of the National Football League
  • Daulton Hommes, former professional basketball player for the New Orleans Pelicans of the National Basketball Association
  • Tori Black, adult film actress

See also

References

  1. ↑ "WWU Brand Guide". https://brand.wwu.edu/western-washington-university-brand. 
  2. ↑ "About -Council of Presidents". https://councilofpresidents.org/about/. 
  3. ↑ "Endowment Management Reports". Western Washington University. https://foundation.wwu.edu/endowment-management-reports. 
  4. ↑ "Brad Johnson Named WWU's New Provost and Executive Vice President". Western Washington University. April 26, 2022. https://news.wwu.edu/brad-johnson-named-wwu-s-new-provost-and-executive-vice-president. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 "Western Washington University". https://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/?id=237011. 
  6. ↑ "Diversity, Equity & Inclusion". https://www.wwu.edu/diversity#enrollment-statistics. 
  7. ↑ "IPEDS-West Washington University". https://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/?q=Washington&s=all&pg=3&id=237011. 
  8. ↑ "Locations". https://www.wwu.edu/locations. 
  9. ↑ "Western Washington University Athletics Brand". Western Washington University. https://brand.wwu.edu/western-washington-university-athletics-brand. 
  10. ↑ "Victor E. Viking". https://wwuvikings.com/sports/2018/6/4/victor-e-viking.aspx. 
  11. ↑ Berend, Emily; Ekstrom, Mandy (Winter 2018). "Sustainability Signage". Western Washington University. https://sustain.wwu.edu/files/2021-08/Sustainability-Signage-Final-Proposal-1.pdf. 
  12. ↑ "Contact Us". Western Washington University. https://www.wwu.edu/wwucontact. 
  13. ↑ "Western Washington University Locations" (in en). Western Washington University. https://www.wwu.edu/locations. 
  14. ↑ "Lynden Chamber of Commerce - Lynden, Washington". Lynden Chamber of Commerce. http://lynden.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=27&Itemid=54. 
  15. ↑ Judson, Phoebe Goodell (1984). A Pioneer's Search for an Ideal Home: A Book of Personal Memoirs. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press. p. 289. ISBN 0-8032-2563-6. 
  16. ↑ "Whatcom Normal School". The Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers: p. 12. 3 January 1897. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1897-01-03/ed-1/seq-12/#date1=1889&sort=relevance&date2=1963&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=11&words=Skillings&proxdistance=5&state=Washington&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=&andtext=skillings&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=3. 
  17. ↑ Bryan, Maurice (1993-01-01). "The College of Ethnic Studies at Western Washington University: A Case Study". WWU Graduate School Collection. https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/825. 
  18. ↑ Tice, Carol (27 October 2007). "Notable in the Northwest". http://old.seattletimes.com/html/localnews/2003975210_collwebhotprograms.html. 
  19. ↑ About the WWU Outdoor Sculpture Collection.
    The WWU campus map has a list of sculptures.
  20. ↑ "Find a Program". Western Washington University. https://gradschool.wwu.edu/admissions. 
  21. ↑ "Honorary Degrees". Western Washington University. https://provost.wwu.edu/honorary-degrees. 
  22. ↑ "Accredited Institutional Members". Nasm.arts-accredit.org. http://nasm.arts-accredit.org/index.jsp?page=List_Accredited_Members&memberId=b2a264f1a8a3ba009a606026b8f2cddf. 
  23. ↑ "NCATE Accredited Institution". Ncate.org. January 1, 1954. http://www.ncate.org/tabid/178/Default.aspx?ch=106&CO_ID=11760&state=wa. 
  24. ↑ "Accredited Programs details". Main.abet.org. http://main.abet.org/aps/AccreditedProgramsDetails.aspx?OrganizationID=356. 
  25. ↑ "Chemistry Department at Western Washington University". Chem.wwu.edu. http://www.chem.wwu.edu/dept/undergraduate/index.shtml. 
  26. ↑ "AACSB List of Member Schools by Country". Aacsb.net. https://www.aacsb.net/eweb/DynamicPage.aspx?Site=AACSB&WebKey=CADEF77A-6573-49BB-9BA2-CE21EC93841E. 
  27. ↑ "Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs – Directory". Cacrep.org. January 1, 1980. http://www.cacrep.org/directory/directory.cfm?state=WA&degreeLevel=&program_type_id=&program_characteristic_prev=&keywords=&submitthis=. 
  28. ↑ Meehan, Douglas. "Planning Accreditation Board: Accredited Planning Programs" (in en). http://www.planningaccreditationboard.org/index,php?id=30. 
  29. ↑ "Honors Program". http://www.wwu.edu/depts/honors/faq.html#scholar. 
  30. ↑ "Freshman Out-of-State Scholarships". http://admissions.wwu.edu/tuition/t_wue.html. 
  31. ↑ "Western Washington University | Overall Rankings | Best College | US News". Colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com. https://www.usnews.com/best-colleges/rankings/regional-universities-west?_sort=rank&_sortDirection=asc. 
  32. ↑ "Western Washington University Admissions". https://www.usnews.com/best-colleges/western-washington-3802/applying. 
  33. ↑ "WWWU again ranked No. 1 by Peace Corps". News.wwu.edu. February 11, 2014. http://onlinefast.org/wwutoday/features/wwu-again-ranked-no-1-by-peace-corps. 
  34. ↑ "WWU Named Among Best Undergraduate Philosophy Programs in the Country". News.wwu.edu. December 13, 2011. http://news.wwu.edu/go/doc/1538/1256499/WWU-Named-Among-Best-Undergraduate-Philosophy-Programs-in-the-Country. 
  35. ↑ "Canadian-American Studies Center". http://www.wwu.edu/canam/index.shtml. 
  36. ↑ "CEBR". Cbe.wwu.edu. http://cbe.wwu.edu/cebr/. 
  37. ↑ "CEFE". Cbe.wwu.edu. http://cbe.wwu.edu/cefe/. 
  38. ↑ "CEME". Cbe.wwu.edu. February 1, 2012. http://cbe.wwu.edu/CEME/. 
  39. ↑ "CIB". Cbe.wwu.edu. http://cbe.wwu.edu/CIB/. 
  40. ↑ 41.0 41.1 41.2 "SBDC". Cbe.wwu.edu. http://www.cbe.wwu.edu/SBDC/. 
  41. ↑ "CIB". Cbe.wwu.edu. http://cbe.wwu.edu/CIB/. 
  42. ↑ "Border Policy Research Institute". http://www.wwu.edu/bpri/. 
  43. ↑ "Associates of the Center for Cross-Cultural Research, www.wwu.edu/~culture". http://www.wwu.edu/culture/. 
  44. ↑ "CPNWS – Home | Western Libraries @ Western Washington University". http://library.wwu.edu/cpnws. 
  45. ↑ "CPE – home". http://www.wwu.edu/cpe/home.htm. 
  46. ↑ "Critical Junctures Institute: Research Affiliates". July 25, 2011. http://www.wwu.edu/cji/ResearchAffiliates.shtml. 
  47. ↑ "Morse Institute for Leadership: Home". http://www.wwu.edu/morseleadership/. 
  48. ↑ "AMSEC: Homepage". May 31, 2012. http://www.wwu.edu/amsec/. 
  49. ↑ "Internet Studies Center – Internet Studies Center ISC WWU". Yorktown.cbe.wwu.edu. http://yorktown.cbe.wwu.edu/ISC/. 
  50. ↑ "Wwu Vri". Vri.etec.wwu.edu. http://vri.etec.wwu.edu/. 
  51. ↑ "Institute of Watershed Studies". http://www.wwu.edu/iws/. 
  52. ↑ "Spatial Institute Home". https://cenv.wwu.edu/spatial-institute. 
  53. ↑ "Institute of Environmental Toxicology: Home". January 20, 2012. http://www.wwu.edu/toxicology/. 
  54. ↑ "The Resilience Institute". October 24, 2011. https://cenv.wwu.edu/ri. 
  55. ↑ "Center for Instructional Innovation and Assessment". Pandora.cii.wwu.edu. July 11, 2012. http://pandora.cii.wwu.edu/cii/default.asp. 
  56. ↑ "Shannon Point Marine Center – Welcome". http://www.wwu.edu/spmc/. 
  57. ↑ "WWU Neuroscience: Home". July 17, 2012. http://www.wwu.edu/neuroscience/. 
  58. ↑ "Institute for Energy Studies". November 2, 2012. http://www.wwu.edu/energy/. 
  59. ↑ "Center for Continuing Education in Rehabilitation (CCER)| University of Washington". CCER. http://www.ccer.org/. 
  60. ↑ "Mike Puma". Center for Education Data & Research. http://www.cedr.us/researchers_puma.html. 
  61. ↑ "Division II Schools". NCAA. August 2, 2018. http://www.ncaa.org/about/division-ii-schools. 
  62. ↑ "Rowing: Division 2". NCAA. https://www.ncaa.com/history/rowing/d2. 
  63. ↑ "Division 2 Men's Basketball". NCAA. https://www.ncaa.com/history/basketball-men/d2. 
  64. ↑ "Division 2 Women's Soccer". NCAA. https://www.ncaa.com/history/soccer-women/d2. 
  65. ↑ Facts about Western Athletics http://www.wwuvikings.com/ot/about-viking-athletics.html
  66. ↑ Jensen, Stacy (12 January 2009). "Western Washington Football Officials Call It Quits". Bleacher Report. https://bleacherreport.com/articles/109987-western-washington-football-officials-call-it-quits. 
  67. ↑ WWU active sport clubs https://wp.wwu.edu/campusrec/activeclubs/
  68. ↑ WWU AS clubs list http://asclubs.wwu.edu/
  69. ↑ 70.0 70.1 70.2 "About the Associated Students". Western Washington University. http://as.wwu.edu/about/. 
  70. ↑ "Music Education P-12, BMus". Western Washington University. 2021. https://catalog.wwu.edu/preview_program.php?catoid=18&poid=8768. 
  71. ↑ "HIST 390 - Topics in History - Acalog ACMS™". https://catalog.wwu.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=19&coid=130728. 
  72. ↑ "Western Live Cameras" (in en). https://www.wwu.edu/western-live-cameras. 
  73. ↑ Sanford, Nate (June 2, 2021). "We're changing the name. Here's why" (in en-US). https://www.westernfrontonline.com/article/2021/06/the-front-welcome. 
  74. ↑ "About Us" (in en-US). https://www.westernfrontonline.com/page/about. 
  75. ↑ "Region 10 Mark of Excellence Awards winners announced in Seattle" (Press release). Indianapolis: Society of Professional Journalists (SPJ). 2017-04-14. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  76. ↑ "Department Timeline" (in en-US). https://western.journalismalumni.online/department-timeline/. 
  77. ↑ "About Klipsun Magazine". https://klipsunmagazine.com/about-klipsun-magazine-fcf4f1d605a7. 
  78. ↑ "Publications". Western Washington University. https://chss.wwu.edu/journalism/publications. 
  79. ↑ "Occam's Razor" (in en-US). http://occamsrazorwwu.org/. 
  80. ↑ "The Planet | Western Student Publications | Western Washington University". https://cedar.wwu.edu/planet/. 
  81. ↑ "Our Team" (in en-US). https://www.theplanetmagazine.net/our-story. 
  82. ↑ "About". Western Washington University. https://window.wwu.edu/about. 
  83. ↑ "Window Magazine". Western Washington University. https://cedar.wwu.edu/window_magazine/. 
  84. ↑ "WWU's Window Magazine wins trio of awards at recent CASE conference". Western Washington University. https://westerntoday.wwu.edu/news/wwus-window-magazine-wins-trio-of-awards-at-recent-case-conference. 
  85. ↑ "Student Publications". Western Washington University. https://studentpubs.wwu.edu/. 
  86. ↑ "Organizations". Western Washington University. https://as.wwu.edu/organizations/. 
  87. ↑ "About Western Today". Western Washington University. https://westerntoday.wwu.edu/about-western-today. 
  88. ↑ "Contact Us". Western Washington University. https://police.wwu.edu/contact-us. 
  89. ↑ "New police chief takes helm at Western" (in en). https://www.cascadiadaily.com/news/2023/jan/29/new-police-chief-takes-helm-at-western/. 
  90. ↑ Template:Cite Instagram
  91. ↑ Gait, Robert I. (1991-07-01). "Who's Who in Mineral Names: Ada Swineford (b. 1917)". Rocks & Minerals 66 (4): 279–284. doi:10.1080/00357529.1991.11761629. ISSN 0035-7529. 
  92. ↑ Ravulur, Nandita (October 12, 1997). "Game Boys". Puget Sound Business Journal. http://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/stories/1997/10/13/smallb1.html. 
  93. ↑ "The CIA agent who exposed US complicity in helping Pakistan develop a nuclear bomb". October 13, 2007. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/oct/13/usa.pakistan. 
  94. ↑ de Barros, Paul (March 3, 2012). "Carrie Brownstein: the Northwest's funny girl". The Seattle Times. https://www.seattletimes.com/pacific-nw-magazine/carrie-brownstein-the-northwests-funny-girl/. 
  95. ↑ "Ryan Couture UFC Bio". September 14, 2018. http://www.ufc.com/fighter/Ryan-Couture. 
  96. ↑ "Hockinson's Crouch second U.S. finisher in women's Boston Marathon". The Columbian. 2016-04-18. http://www.columbian.com/news/2016/apr/18/hockinsons-crouch-second-u-s-finisher-in-womens-boston-marathon/. 
  97. ↑ "Class Notes | Political Science | Western Washington University". https://chss.wwu.edu/political-science/class-notes. 
  98. ↑ "The Wire Spring 2013 Edition". http://www.wwu.edu/alumni/eblast2013/wire/april.html#gibbard. 
  99. ↑ "Oscar Nominee TJ Martin to Host Screening of 'Undefeated' at WWU March 1". News.wwu.edu. February 14, 2012. http://news.wwu.edu/go/doc/1538/1307895/. 
  100. ↑ Kam Williams (February 9, 2012). "Oscar-Nominated Director Weighs-In on His Heartwarming Documentary | The Afro-American Newspapers | Your Community. Your History. Your News". Afro.com. http://www.afro.com/sections/arts_entertainment/story.htm?storyid=74010. 
  101. ↑ Daneet Steffens. "From Here to ODESZA". http://forms.alumni.wwu.edu/s/1710/interior.aspx?pgid=552&gid=2&cid=1392. 
  102. ↑ Yardley, William (2011-08-11). "Suquamish Tribe Approves Same-Sex Marriage" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/12/us/12tribe.html. 
  103. ↑ "Alumni Profile - Jesse Moore". https://chssdepts.wwu.edu/political-science/alumni-profile-jesse-moore. 
  104. ↑ Lazenby, Oliver. "BHS grad and voice of longtime WSU sports Bob Robertson passes away" (in en). https://www.thenorthernlight.com/stories/bhs-grad-and-voice-of-longtime-wsu-sports-bob-robertson-passes-away,11433. 
  105. ↑ Woolfe, Zachary (2020-10-14). "Erin Wall, 44, Dies; Acclaimed Soprano in Mozart and Strauss" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/14/arts/music/erin-wall-dead.html. 
  106. ↑ "John Michael Greer: Independent scholar, History of ideas, Cultural critic, Neo-Druidism, Hermeticism". 2011-06-26. https://www.morebooks.de/store/fr/book/john-michael-greer/isbn/978-613-6-77535-7. 
  107. ↑ "Our Campaigns - Candidate - Michael P. "Mike" Farris". https://www.ourcampaigns.com/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=93351. 
  108. ↑ "Alliance Defending Freedom" (in en). https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/group/alliance-defending-freedom. 
  109. ↑ "Kelli Linville". http://web.leg.wa.gov/WomenInTheLegislature/Members/LinvilleK.htm. 
  110. ↑ "Biography – Larry Springer" (in en-US). https://housedemocrats.wa.gov/springer/biography/. 

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