Physics:Penrose criterion
From HandWiki
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (February 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) |
In plasma physics, the Penrose criterion is a rule for the kinetic stability of a plasma with a given velocity-space distribution function. This criterion can be used to determine that all so-called "single-humped" distributions (those with a single maximum), are kinetically stable. It is not employed in accounting for the electric field.[1] The criterion is named after Oliver Penrose who proposed it in 1960.[2][1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Beving, L. P.; Hopkins, M. M.; Baalrud, S. D. (November 2023). "Electron-field instability: Excitation of electron plasma waves by an electric field". Physics of Plasmas 30 (11). doi:10.1063/5.0156041. Bibcode: 2023PhPl...30k2105B.
- ↑ Penrose, Oliver (1960-03-01). "Electrostatic Instabilities of a Uniform Non-Maxwellian Plasma" (in en). The Physics of Fluids 3 (2): 258–265. doi:10.1063/1.1706024. ISSN 0031-9171. https://pubs.aip.org/aip/pfl/article-abstract/3/2/258/852470/Electrostatic-Instabilities-of-a-Uniform-Non?redirectedFrom=fulltext. Retrieved 21 October 2025.
- Nicholson, Dwight R. (1983). Introduction to Plasma Theory. Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-09045-8.
 |  |
