Place:List of Mongol states

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This is a list of Mongol states. The Mongols founded many states such as the vast Mongol Empire and other states. The list of states is chronological but follows the development of different dynasties.

Pre-modern states

Name Years Area Map Capital
Khanates in the 10th–12th centuries
Khamag Mongol Khanate 900s–1206 Mongol Empire c.1207.png
Merkit Khanate XI–mid XII
Kerait Khanate −1203
Naiman Khanate −1204
Tatar Khanate VI—X/(IX – mid XII?)
Mongol Empire
Mongol Empire 1206–1368 24,000,000 km2[1] Mongol dominions.jpg Avarga (1206–1235)
Karakorum (1235–1260)
Khanbaliq (1260–1368)
Yuan dynasty
Yuan dynasty 1271–1368 14,000,000 km2 (1310)[2] Yuen Dynasty 1294 - Goryeo as vassal.png Khanbaliq
(Dadu, Beijing)
Flag of Golden Horde-2-.svg Golden Horde (Turco-Mongol)
Golden Horde 1240–1502 6,000,000 km2 (1310)[3] GoldenHorde1300.png Sarai Batu
Great Horde 1466–1502
Flag of the Chagatai Khanate.svg Chagatai Khanate (Turco-Mongol)
Chagatai Khanate 1225–1340s 3,500,000 km2 (1310)[3][2] Chagatai Khanate map en.svg Almaliq
Qarshi
Western Chagatai Khanate 1340s–1370
Moghulistan 1340–1462 Mongolia XVI.png
Kara Del Khanate 1383–1513
Turpan Khanate 1487–1660? 1517 Yarkent and Turpan.png
Yarkent Khanate 1514–1705
Flag of the Ilkhanate.svg Ilkhanate
Ilkhanate 1256–1335 3,750,000 km2
[3][2] 		Ilkhanate in 1256–1353.PNG Maragha (1256–1265)
Tabriz (1265–1306)
Soltaniyeh (1306–1335)
Chobanids 1335–1357 IranaftertheIlkhanate.png Tabriz
Injuids 1335–1357 Shiraz (Till 1353)
Isfahan (1353–1357)
Jalayirid Sultanate 1335–1432 Baghdad (Till 1411)
Basra (1411–1432)
Arghun dynasty 1479?–1599?
Genghisid Northern Yuan dynasty
Northern Yuan
 1368–1635 5,000,000 km2 (1550)[2] Mongolia XVI.png Shangdu (1368–1369)
Yingchang (1369–1370)
Karakorum (1371–1388)
Khalkha Khanates
(Northern Yuan subject by 1635) 		late 16th century–1691 Mongolia XVII.png Tüsheet Khan, Zasagt Khan, Setsen Khan and Altan Khan of the Khalkha
Oirats – Non-Genghisid states
Four Oirat 1399–1634 1,000,000 km2
(15th – late 16th)
~1,600,000 km2
(early 17th century) 		Mongolia XVI.png
Dzungar Khanate 1634–1758 3,500,000–4,000,000 km2 Mongolia XVII.png Ghulja
Khoshut Khanate 1642?–1717 ~1,400,000 km2
Kalmyk Khanate 1630–1771
Timurid states (Persianate Turco-Mongol states)
Timurid Empire 1370–1507 4,400,000 km2 (1405)[4] Das Reich Timur-i Lenks (1365-1405).GIF Samarkand (1370–1505)
Herat(1505–1507)
Mughal Empire 1526–1857 4,000,000 km2 (1700) The Mughal Empire.jpg Agra (1526–1571)
Fatehpur Sikri (1571–1585)
Lahore (1585–1598)
Agra (1598–1648)
Shahjahanabad/Delhi (1648–1857)
Other states/Khanate
Khanate of Sibir 1468–1598 Siberian Khanate map English revised.svg Chimgi-Tura/Qashliq

Modern states

Name Years Area Map Capital
Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
(Buryats) 		1919–1926[5][6][7][8] In Kizhinginsky District, Buryatia
Republic of Oirat-Kalmyk 1930 Kalmykia
Flag of Inner-Mongolian Autonomous Government.svg Inner Mongolian People's Republic 1945 Xilin Gol Sonid
Flag of Mongolia.svg Mongolia 1911–present Ulanbataar

Autonomous areas

In Russia

Name Years Capital Area Map
State of Buryat-Mongolia 1917–1921 Chita
Mongol-Buryat Autonomous Oblast 1922–1923
Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Oblast 1921–1923
Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic 1923–1958 Ulan-Ude Buryat-Mongol ASSR in 1925.jpg
Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic 1958–1992 Russia - Buryat Republic (2008-01).svg
Republic of Buryatia 1992–present 351,300 km2
Agin Buryat-Mongol National Okrug 1937–1958 Aginskoye Russia - Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug (2008-01).svg
Agin-Buryat National Okrug 1958–1977
Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug 1977–2008
Agin-Buryat Okrug 2008–present 9,6002
Ust-Orda Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Okrug 1937–1958 Ust-Ordynsky RussiaUst-OrdaBuryatia2007-07.svg
Ust-Orda Buryat National Okrug 1958–1978
Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug 1978–2008
Ust-Orda Buryat Okrug 2008–present 22,1382
Kalmyk Autonomous Oblast 1920–1935
1957–1958 		Astrakhan (till 1928)
Elista
Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic 1935–1943
1958–1990 		Elista
(Elstei) 		Russia - Republic of Kalmykia (2008-01).svg
Kalmyk Soviet Socialist Republic 1990–1992
Kalmyk Republic-Halmg-Tangch 1992–1994
Kalmyk Republic 1994–present 76,100 km2

In China

Name Years Capital Area Map
Mengjiang state 1936–1945 Kalgan
(Khaalgan) 		Mengjiang.png
Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region 1947–present Huhhot 1,183,000 km2
 Inner Mongolia in China (+all claims hatched).svg
Gansu Province
Subei Mongol Autonomous County Location of Subei within Gansu (China).png
Hebei Province
Weichang Manchu and Mongol Autonomous County
Heilongjiang Province
Dorbod Mongol Autonomous County
Jilin Province
Qian Gorlos Mongol Autonomous County
Liaoning Province
Harqin Left Mongol Autonomous County
Fuxin Mongol Autonomous County
Qinghai Province
Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Qinghai subdivisions - Haixi.svg
Henan Mongol Autonomous County
Xinjiang Province
Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture Korla 462,700 km2
 China Xinjiang Bayingolin.svg
Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture Bortala
(Bortal) 		China Xinjiang Bortala.svg
Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous County Hoboksar
(Khovogsair) 		Location of Hoboksar within Xinjiang (China).png

See also

  • History of Mongolia
  • List of heads of state of Mongolia
  • List of Mongol rulers
  • Timeline of Mongolian history

Maps

  • Rouran Khaganate c. 500

  • Rouran Khaganate, Northern Wei, Tuyuhun Kingdom, Southern Liang, Later Yan, Yueban and Northern Liang, 400 AD

  • Rouran, Northern Wei, Tuyuhun Kingdom, 500 AD

  • Tuyuhun Kingdom, Northern Zhou, Khitans and Tatabi people, 565 AD

  • Liao dynasty c. 1000

  • Western Liao c. 1060

  • Mongol Empire in 1227

  • Mongol Empire

  • The Dzungar Khanate (c. 1750) (in blue line)

  • A map of the Dzungar Khanate, by a Swedish officer in captivity there in 1716–1733, which include the region known today as Zhetysu

  • The Dzungar Khanate (a fragment of the map of Russian Empire of Peter The Great, that was created by a Sweden soldier in c. 1725)

  • This map fragment shows territories of the Dzungar Khanate as in 1706. (Map Collection of the Library of Congress: "Carte de Tartarie" of Guillaume de L'Isle (1675-1726))

  • Mongolia

  • Mongolia

References

  1. ↑ Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D. (December 2006). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires". Journal of World-Systems Research 12 (2): 222–223. ISSN 1076-156X. http://jwsr.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/jwsr/article/view/369/381. Retrieved 25 August 2016. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Rein Taagepera (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly 41 (3): 475–504.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Jonathan M. Adams, Thomas D. Hall and Peter Turchin (2006). East-West Orientation of Historical Empires.Journal of World-Systems Research (University of Connecticut). 12 (no. 2): 219–229.
  4. ↑ Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D. (2015). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires and Modern States". Journal of World-Systems Research 12 (2): 219. doi:10.5195/jwsr.2006.369. ISSN 1076-156X. open access
  5. ↑ Бидия Дандарон (Russian)
  6. ↑ Балагатское движение (Russian)
  7. ↑ Теократическое движение в Хоринском ведомстве Бурятии :1919–1926 гг. (Russian)
  8. ↑ БАЛАГАТСКОЕ ДВИЖЕНИЕ (Russian)

Bibliography

Further reading

  • Weiers, Michael (ed.) (1986): Die Mongolen. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
  • Dughlát Muhammad Haidar, Norbert Elias, Edward Denison Ross – The Tarikh-i-rashidi
  • Henry Hoyle Howorth-History of the Mongols
  • Herbert Franke, Denis Twitchett, John King Fairbank -The Cambridge History of China: Alien regimes and border states, 907–1368
  • William Bayne Fisher, Peter Jackson, Laurence Lockhart, J. A. Boyle -The Cambridge history of Iran, 5
  • Konstantin Nikolaevich Maksimov – Kalmykia in Russia's past and present national policies and administrative system



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