Religion:Textual variants in the Book of Leviticus
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Short description: Differences in Book of Leviticus manuscripts
There are textual variants in the Hebrew Bible found in the Book of Leviticus.
Legend
Purported inter-relationship between significant ancient Old Testament manuscripts (some identified by their siglum).
List
This list provides examples of known textual variants, and contains the following parameters: Hebrew texts written right to left, the Hebrew text romanised left to right, an approximate English translation, and which Hebrew manuscripts or critical editions of the Hebrew Bible this textual variant can be found in. Greek (Septuagint) and Latin (Vulgate) texts are written left to right, and not romanised. Sometimes additional translation or interpretation notes are added, with references to similar verses elsewhere, or in-depth articles on the topic in question.
Leviticus 18
Leviticus 18:4
- תִּשְׁמְר֖וּ לָלֶ֣כֶת, tiš-mə-rū lā-le-ḵeṯ, '[you] shall keep to walk' – WLC[1]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2] LXXRahlfs[3]
- Ancient Greek: – Brenton[4] ABP[5]
- et ambula[biti]s, 'and [you] shall walk' – OLL[6] OLW[6]
- servabitis, et ambulabitis, '[you] shall serve, and [you] shall walk' – VgColunga&Turrado.[7]
- The verb servāre is the root of the word service; the verb ambulāre is the root of the word ambulance.
Leviticus 18:5
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֹתָ֛ם הָאָדָ֖ם וָחַ֣י בָּהֶ֑ם, ’ă-šer ya-‘ă-śeh ’ō-ṯām hā-’ā-ḏām wā-ḥay bā-hem, '(because) if a man does [them,] (then/and/that) he shall live by them.' – WLC[1]
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֹתָ֛ם הָאָדָ֖ם וחיה בָּהֶ֑ם, ’ă-šer ya-‘ă-śeh ’ō-ṯām hā-’ā-ḏām wā-ḥā-yāh bā-hem, '(because) if a man does [them,] (then/and/that) she shall live by them.' – SP[8]
- Compare Exodus 1:16 (last verb). It is unclear whether the verb(s) used for "to live" is/are H2421 חָיָה chayah or H2421 חָיַי chayay.
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2] LXXRahlfs[3]
- Ancient Greek: – Brenton[4] ABP[5]
- qui ea fecerit, 'who shall have done them' – OLW[6]
- quae faciet homo, uiuet in eis:, 'which [a] man shall do, shall live by them.' – OLL[9]
- quae faciens homo, vivet in eis., 'which [a] man doing, shall live by them.' – VgColunga&Turrado[7]
Leviticus 18:5
- אֲנִ֖י יְהוָֽה׃ ס, ’ă-nî Yah-weh. s, 'I [am] Yahweh.' – WLC[1]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2] LXXRahlfs[3] ABP[5]
- Ancient Greek: – Brenton[4]
- Ego Dominus., 'I [am] (the) Lord.' – VgColunga&Turrado[7]
Leviticus 18:7
- matris suae, 'of his/her mother:' – OLL[9] OLW[6]
- matris tuae, 'of your mother:' – VgColunga&Turrado[7]
Leviticus 18:7
- אִמְּךָ֣ הִ֔וא, ’im-mə-ḵā hî, 'he [is] your mother' – MT[10] WLC[1]
- אִמְּךָ֣ היא, ’im-mə-ḵā hi, 'she [is] your mother' – SP[10]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2] LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[4] ABP[5]
- confusione enim., 'truly in confusion.' – OLL[9][6]
- mater tua est:, 'your mother is: or [she] is your mother:' – VgColunga&Turrado[7]
Leviticus 18:7
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2] LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[11]
- Ancient Greek: – ABP[5]
- omitted – OLL[9]
Leviticus 18:8
- Confusionem mulieris patris tui non denudabis, confusionem patris tui et., '[The] confusion of your father's woman/wife you shall not denude: and is your father's confusion.' – OLL[12]
- Turpitudinem uxoris patris tui non discooperies: turpitudo enim patris tui est., '[The] shame of your father's wife you shall not uncover: for it is your father's shame.' – VgColunga&Turrado[7]
Leviticus 18:9
- עֶרְוַ֨ת אֲחֹֽותְךָ֤ בַת־אָבִ֙יךָ֙ אֹ֣ו בַת־אִמֶּ֔ךָ, ‘er-waṯ ’ă-ḥō-wṯ-ḵā ḇaṯ- ’ā-ḇî-ḵā ’ōw ḇaṯ- ’im-me-ḵā,, 'The nakedness of your sister (the) daughter of your father or (the) daughter of your mother' – WLC[1]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[13] ABP[5]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2]
- Turpitudinem sororis tuae en matre tua et ex patre tuo, '[The] shame of your sister in your mother and out of your father' – OLW[14]
- Confusionem sororis tuae uel ex patre uel ex matre, '[The] confusion of your sister either out of [your] father or out of [your] mother' – OLL[9][14]
- Turpitudinem sororis tuae ex patre sive ex matre,, '[The] shame of your sister out of [your] father or out of [your] mother,' – VgColunga&Turrado[7]
Leviticus 18:9
- Ancient Greek: – LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[13] ABP[5]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2]
- intus natae aut natae foris,, 'at home born or born outdoors,' – OLL[9]
- quae domi vel foris genita est,, 'who is born at home or outdoors,' – VgColunga&Turrado[7]
Leviticus 18:9
- quoniam tua confusione filiae uxoris patris tui non denudabis confusionem eius, 'because by/through your confusion of [the] daughter of your father's wife [you] shall not uncover his confusion' – OLL[14]
- omitted – all other witnesses[14]
Leviticus 18:10
- Turpitudinem filiae filii tui vel neptis ex filia non revelabis: quia turpitudo tua est., '[You] shall not reveal [the] shame of your son's daughter or daughter's daughter: for [it] is your shame.' – VgColunga&Turrado[7]
- omitted – OLL[9]
Leviticus 18:17
- Ancient Greek: – Brenton[13] ABP[5] (classical Greek spelling)
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2] LXXRahlfs[3] (Koine Greek spelling)
Leviticus 18:18
- Ancient Greek: – Brenton[13] ABP[5] (classical Greek spelling)
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2] LXXRahlfs[3] (Koine Greek spelling)
Leviticus 18:19
- בְּנִדַּ֣ת טֻמְאָתָ֑הּ, bə-nid-daṯ ṭum-’ā-ṯāh, 'in menstrual/impure uncleanness' – WLC[1]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2] ABP[5]
- in diuortio, 'in divorce/separation' –
wz[14] - in separationem munditiae eius, 'in separation of his cleanness' – OLL[15][14]
- quae patitur menstrua, 'who suffers from menstruation' – VgColunga&Turrado[7]
Leviticus 18:19
- לֹ֣א תִקְרַ֔ב, lō ṯiq-raḇ, '[you] shall not approach' – WLC[1]
- Ancient Greek: – Brenton[13] ABP[5]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2] LXXRahlfs[3]
- non accedes,, '[you] shall not approach,' – OLL[15] VgColunga&Turrado[7]
Leviticus 18:20
- Et ad mulierem proximi tui, 'And to your neighbour's woman/wife' – OLL[15]
- Cum uxore proximi tui, 'With your neighbour's wife' – VgColunga&Turrado[7]
Leviticus 18:20
- לֹא־תִתֵּ֥ן שְׁכָבְתְּךָ֖ לְזָ֑רַע, lō- ṯit-tên šə-ḵā-ḇə-tə-ḵā lə-zā-ra‘, '[you] shall not give copulation/intercourse seed/sowing/offspring' – WLC[1]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2] LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[13] ABP[5]
- non dabis cubilem seminis tui,, '[you] shall not give the [bed] of your seed,' – OLL[15]
- non coibis, nec seminis, '[you] shall not come together / have sex, nor... by seed/semen' – VgColunga&Turrado[7]
Leviticus 18:21, see also Moloch § Biblical attestations and Child sacrifice § Ban in Leviticus
- וּמִֽזַּרְעֲךָ֥ לֹא־תִתֵּ֖ן לְהַעֲבִ֣יר לַמֹּ֑לֶךְ, ū-miz-zar-‘ă-ḵā lō- ṯit-tên lam-mō-leḵ, 'And [you] shall not let any of your descendents pass through [the fire, i.e. to sacrifice] to Moloch' – WLC[1]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2] LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[13] ABP[5]
- Et semini tuo non dabis seruire superposito,, 'And your seed you shall not give to serve placed on top,' – OLL[15]
- De semine tuo non dabis ut consecretur idolo Moloch,, 'Of your semen/offspring [you] shall not give [any] to consecrate to [an] idol of Moloch,' – VgColunga&Turrado[7]
Leviticus 18:22, see also Leviticus 18 § Homosexuality
- וְאֶ֨ת־זָכָ֔ר לֹ֥א תִשְׁכַּ֖ב מִשְׁכְּבֵ֣י אִשָּׁ֑ה תֹּועֵבָ֖ה הִֽוא׃, wə-’eṯ-zā-ḵār, lō’ ṯīš-kaḇ mīš-kə-ḇē ’īš-šā; tō-‘ē-ḇā hī’, 'And with a male, you shall not lie (down) on the beds of a woman/wife;[16] he/it is an abomination.' – WLC[17][1]
- ࠅࠣࠀࠕ ࠆࠟࠊࠠࠓ ࠋࠞࠀ ࠕࠩࠔࠬࠊࠠࠁ ࠌࠡࠔࠬࠊࠠࠁࠩࠉ ࠀࠩࠔ࠙ࠢࠄ ࠕࠧࠅ࠙ࠜࠏࠁࠢࠄ ࠄࠩࠉࠀ, wa’t zā̊ː-kār lā̊ː’ tīš-kā̊b māːš-kå-bī ’īš-ša; tū-‘ē-bā’ ī’, 'And with a male, you shall not lie (down) on the beds of a woman/wife;[16] she/it is an abomination.' – SP[17]
- Ancient Greek: LXXSwete[2]
- Ancient Greek: ABP[5]
- Et cum masculo non dormibis cubile muliebrae: exsecratio enim est., 'And with [a] male you shall not sleep in [the/a] bed of [a] woman: for [it] is [a] curse.' – OLL[15]
- The word muliebrae is an incorrect declension of muliebris; genitive singular (muliebris, "of a woman", "of womanly") was likely the intended form, compare fēminīnae ("of a woman(ly)", "of feminine").
- Cum mare ne concumbas eo concubitu quo cum foemina solet: abominada res est., 'With [a] man [you] should not share the bed as is custom in [the] manner of sleeping as with [a] woman: [it] is [an] abominable thing.' – Robert Estienne (1545)[18]
- Cum masculo non commiscearis coitu femineo, quia abominatio est., 'With [a] male [you] shall not intermingle according to [the] feminine intercourse, because it is [an] abomination.' – VgClement[19] VgColunga&Turrado[7]
- Compare Leviticus 20:13; Genesis 49:4.[16]
Leviticus 18:23
- לֹא־תִתֵּ֥ן שְׁכָבְתְּךָ֖, lō- ṯit-tên šə-ḵā-ḇə-tə-ḵā, '[you] shall not give lying/bedding(/copulation/intercourse)' – WLC[1]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2] LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[13]
- Ancient Greek: – ABP[5]
- non dabis cubilem tuum, '[you] shall not give your bed' – OLL[15]
- non coibis, '[you] shall not come together' – VgColunga&Turrado[7]
Leviticus 18:23
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2] LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[13] ABP[5]
- in sementium, 'in [the] seed' – OLL[15]
- sēmentium is a Late Latin nonstandard noun for "seed".
- omitted – WLC[1] VgColunga&Turrado[7]
Leviticus 18:25
- Ancient Greek: – Brenton[13] ABP[5]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2] LXXRahlfs[3]
Leviticus 18:25
- Ancient Greek: – LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[13] ABP[5]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2]
Leviticus 18:26
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2] LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[13]
- Ancient Greek: – ABP[5]
Leviticus 18:26
- Ancient Greek: – LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[13] ABP[5]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2]
Leviticus 18:27
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2] LXXRahlfs[3]
- Ancient Greek: – Brenton[13] ABP[5]
Leviticus 18:29
- Ancient Greek: – ABP[5]
- omitted – LXXSwete[2] LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[13]
Leviticus 18:30
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2] LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[13]
- Ancient Greek: – ABP[5]
Leviticus 18:30
- Ancient Greek: – LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[13] ABP[5]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[2]
Leviticus 20
Leviticus 20:13
- וְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִשְׁכַּ֤ב אֶת־זָכָר֙ מִשְׁכְּבֵ֣י אִשָּׁ֔ה תֹּועֵבָ֥ה עָשׂ֖וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֑ם מֹ֥ות יוּמָ֖תוּ דְּמֵיהֶ֥ם בָּֽם׃, wə-’îš, ’ă-šer yiš-kaḇ ’eṯ-zā-ḵār miš-kə-ḇê ’iš-šāh, tō-w-‘ê-ḇāh ‘ā-śū šə-nê-hem; mō-wṯ yū-mā-ṯū də-mê-hem bām., 'And a man, who sleeps with a male on the beds of a woman/wife,[16] [they] have both done a detestable thing; [they] will be killed to die, [their] blood(guilt)s [are] on them.' – WLC[20][21]
- ואיש אשר ישכב את־זכר משכבי אשה תועבה עשו מות יומתו שניהם דמיהם בם׃, wə-’îš, ’ă-šer yiš-kaḇ ’eṯ-zā-ḵār miš-kə-ḇê ’iš-šāh, tō-w-‘ê-ḇāh ‘ā-śū; mō-wṯ yū-mā-ṯū šə-nê-hem də-mê-hem bām., 'And a man, who sleeps with a male on the beds of a woman/wife,[16] [they] have done a detestable thing; both will be killed to die, [their] blood(guilt)s [are] on them.' – SP [20]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[22]
- Ancient Greek: – Brenton[23]
- Ancient Greek: – ABP[24]
- Qui dormierit cum masculo coitu femineo, uterque operatus est nefas: morte moriantur: sit sanguis eorum super eos., 'Whoever sleeps with a male according to the feminine intercourse, both have done a wrong: let them die the death: may their blood be upon them.' – VgClement[25] VgColunga&Turrado[26]
- Compare Leviticus 18:22; Genesis 49:4.[16]
Leviticus 25
Leviticus 25:42
- אֲשֶׁר־הֹוצֵ֥אתִי אֹתָ֖ם מֵ, ’ă-šer- hō-w-ṣê-ṯî ’ō-ṯām mê-, 'whom [I] brought out of/from' – WLC[27]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[28] LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[29] ABP[30]
- quos eduxi, 'whom [I] led out' – OLL[31]
- et ego eduxi eos, 'and I led them out' – VgColunga&Turrado[32]
Leviticus 25:42
- לֹ֥א יִמָּכְר֖וּ מִמְכֶּ֥רֶת עָֽבֶד׃, lō yim-mā-ḵə-rū mim-ke-reṯ ‘ā-ḇeḏ., '[they] shall not be sold in [a] sale of [a] slave.' – WLC[27]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[28] LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[29] ABP[30]
- Non ueniet uenalido serui., '[He] will not come as [a] buyable/cheap slave.' – OLL[31]
- non veneant conditione servorum:, 'let [them] not come in(to) [the] condition of slaves:' – VgColunga&Turrado[32]
Leviticus 25:43
- וְיָרֵ֖אתָ מֵאֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃, wə-yā-rê-ṯā mê-’ĕ-lō-he-ḵā., 'and/but [you] shall fear your god.' – WLC[27]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[28] LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[29]
- Ancient Greek: – ABP[30]
- et timebis Deum tuum., 'and [you] shall fear your God.' – OLL[31]
- sed metuito Deum tuum., 'but [you/he] shall fear your God.' – VgColunga&Turrado[32]
Leviticus 25:44
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִהְיוּ־לָ֑ךְ, ’ă-šer yih-yū- lāḵ, 'whom you may have [plural]' – WLC[27]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[28] LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[29] ABP[30]
- quicumque fuerunt, 'who(so)ever have been [plural]' – OLL[31]
- sint vobis, 'should be to/for you [plural]' – VgColunga&Turrado[32]
Leviticus 25:44
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר, ’ă-šer, 'which' – WLC[27]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[28] LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[29] ABP[30]
- quae, 'which' – OLL[31] VgColunga&Turrado[32]
Leviticus 25:44
- מֵהֶ֥ם תִּקְנ֖וּ עֶ֥בֶד וְאָמָֽה׃, mê-hem tiq-nū ‘e-ḇeḏ wə-’ā-māh., 'from them [you] may buy/acquire (a) male slave and (a) female slave.' – WLC[27]
- Ancient Greek: – LXXSwete[28] LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[29] ABP[30]
- ab illis possidebitis,, 'from them [you] will inherit' – OLL[31]
- omitted – VgColunga&Turrado[32]
Leviticus 25:45
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר עִמָּכֶ֔ם, ’ă-šer ‘im-mā-ḵem, 'who/which [are] with you' – WLC[27]
- Ancient Greek: – ABP[30]
- omitted – LXXSwete[28] LXXRahlfs[3] Brenton[29] OLL[31] VgColunga&Turrado[32]
See also
- List of Hebrew Bible manuscripts
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 Biblos.com & Helps Ministries (2011–2018). "Leviticus 18 Interlinear Bible". Biblehub.com. https://biblehub.com/interlinear/leviticus/18.htm.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 "Leviticus 18 Swete's Septuagint". Biblehub.com. 1930. https://biblehub.com/sepd/leviticus/18.htm.
- ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24 3.25 3.26 3.27 3.28 Rahlfs 1935, Λευιτικόν.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Brenton 1879, p. 168.
- ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 5.19 5.20 5.21 5.22 5.23 Charles Van der Pool (1996). "Leviticus 18 Apostolic Bible Polyglot". Biblehub.com. https://biblehub.com/interlinear/apostolic/leviticus/18.htm.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Brooke, McLean & Thackeray 1909, p. 366.
- ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 7.16 Colunga & Turrado, ed (1946). "Leviticus 18 VULGATE;NIV - Bible Gateway". biblegateway.com. https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus%2018&version=VULGATE;NIV.
- ↑ J.P. van de Giessen (2003). "Leviticus 18:5" (in nl). bijbelaantekeningen.nl. http://www.bijbelaantekeningen.nl/files/biblevers?Leviticus%2018:5.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 Robert 1881, p. 233.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 J.P. van de Giessen (2003). "Leviticus 18:7" (in nl). bijbelaantekeningen.nl. http://www.bijbelaantekeningen.nl/files/biblevers?Leviticus%2018:7.
- ↑ Brenton 1879, p. 168–169.
- ↑ Robert 1881, p. cvii, 233.
- ↑ 13.00 13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04 13.05 13.06 13.07 13.08 13.09 13.10 13.11 13.12 13.13 13.14 13.15 13.16 Brenton 1879, p. 169.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 Brooke, McLean & Thackeray 1909, p. 367.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 15.6 15.7 Robert 1881, p. 234.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 Wells 2020, p. 139.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 J.P. van de Giessen (2003). "Leviticus 18:22" (in nl). bijbelaantekeningen.nl. http://www.bijbelaantekeningen.nl/files/biblevers?Leviticus%2018:22.
- ↑ Estienne 1545, p. 70.
- ↑ "Leviticus 18 Vulgata Clementina". Biblehub.com. 1592. https://biblehub.com/vul/leviticus/18.htm.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 J.P. van de Giessen (2003). "Leviticus 20:13" (in nl). bijbelaantekeningen.nl. http://www.bijbelaantekeningen.nl/files/biblevers?Leviticus%2020:13.
- ↑ Biblos.com & Helps Ministries (2011–2018). "Leviticus 20 Interlinear Bible". Biblehub.com. https://biblehub.com/interlinear/leviticus/20.htm.
- ↑ "Leviticus 20 Swete's Septuagint". Biblehub.com. 1930. https://biblehub.com/sepd/leviticus/20.htm.
- ↑ Brenton 1879, p. 172.
- ↑ Charles Van der Pool (1996). "Leviticus 20 Apostolic Bible Polyglot". Biblehub.com. https://biblehub.com/interlinear/apostolic/leviticus/20.htm.
- ↑ "Leviticus 20 Vulgata Clementina". Biblehub.com. 1592. https://biblehub.com/vul/leviticus/20.htm.
- ↑ Colunga & Turrado, ed (1946). "Leviticus 20 VULGATE;NIV - Bible Gateway". biblegateway.com. https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+20&version=VULGATE;NIV. "Qui dormierit cum masculo coitu femineo, uterque operatus est nefas: morte moriantur: sit sanguis eorum super eos."
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 27.3 27.4 27.5 27.6 Biblos.com & Helps Ministries (2011–2018). "Leviticus 25 Interlinear Bible". Biblehub.com. https://biblehub.com/interlinear/leviticus/25.htm.
- ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.3 28.4 28.5 28.6 "Leviticus 25 Swete's Septuagint". Biblehub.com. 1930. https://biblehub.com/sepd/leviticus/25.htm.
- ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 29.3 29.4 29.5 29.6 Brenton 1879, p. 180.
- ↑ 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.3 30.4 30.5 30.6 Charles Van der Pool (1996). "Leviticus 25 Apostolic Bible Polyglot". Biblehub.com. https://biblehub.com/interlinear/apostolic/leviticus/25.htm.
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 31.3 31.4 31.5 31.6 Robert 1881, p. 236.
- ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.4 32.5 32.6 Colunga & Turrado, ed (1946). "Leviticus 25 VULGATE;NIV - Bible Gateway". biblegateway.com. https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+25&version=VULGATE;NIV.
Bibliography
- Biblia: quid in hac editione praestitum sit. 1545.
- Biblos.com & Helps Ministries (2011–2018). "Interlinear Bible (Westminster Leningrad Codex – English)". Biblehub.com. https://biblehub.com/interlinear/leviticus/1.htm.
- Brenton, Lancelot Charles Lee (1851). "Brenton's Septuagint Translation". Biblehub.com. https://biblehub.com/sep/leviticus/1.htm.
- Brenton, Lancelot Charles Lee (1879). The Septuagint version of the OT, with an English translation. London: Samuel Bagster. pp. 1156. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/The_Septuagint_version_of_the_OT%2C_with_an_English_translation_%281879%29.pdf. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- Brooke, Alan England; McLean, Norman; Thackeray, Henry St. John (1909). The Old Testament in Greek. Volume I: The Octateuch. Part II: Exodus and Leviticus. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 268. https://archive.org/details/02.-otgreek.-vat.v-1.-octat.p-2.-ex.-lev.-brooke.-mc-lean.-1909./mode/2up. Retrieved 10 November 2022.
- Rahlfs, Alfred (1935). "Λευιτικόν (Leviticus Rahlfs)" (in el). Alfred Rahlfs' edition of the Septuagint. Greek Wikisource. https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BD_(Rahlfs).
- Robert, Ulysse (1881). Pentateuchi versio latina antiquissima e Codice Lugdunensi. Paris: Firmin-Didot. pp. 330. https://books.google.com/books?id=F4dPAQAAMAAJ. Retrieved 13 November 2022.
- Scholz, Susanne (2021). Sacred Witness. Rape in the Hebrew Bible. Fortress Press. ISBN 9781506482033. https://www.bol.com/nl/p/sacred-witness/9300000031495453/. (E-book edition)
- Swete, Henry Barclay (1930). "Swete's Septuagint". Biblehub.com. https://biblehub.com/sepd/leviticus/1.htm.
- Emanuel Tov, The Text-Critical Use of the Septuagint in Biblical Research (TCU), 1981 (1st edition), 1997 (2nd edition), 2015 (3rd edition).
- Emanuel Tov, Textual Criticism of the Hebrew Bible (TCHB), 1992 (1st edition), 2001 (2nd edition), 2012 (3rd edition).
- Emanuel Tov, Textual Criticism of the Hebrew Bible, Qumran, Septuagint: Collected Writings, Volume 3 (2015).
- Tov, Emanuel (1999). "38. The Septuagint Additions (‘Miscellanies’) in 1 Kings 2 (3 Reigns 2)". The Greek and Hebrew Bible: Collected Essays on the Septuagint. Vetus Testamentum Supplements. 72. Leiden: Brill. https://brill.com/view/book/9789004275973/B9789004275973-s039.xml.
- van de Giessen, J. P. (2003). "Index Bijbelverzen" (in nl). bijbelaantekeningen.nl. http://www.bijbelaantekeningen.nl/files/page?1000.
- Van der Pool, Charles (1996). "Apostolic Bible Polyglot (ABP)". Biblehub.com. https://biblehub.com/interlinear/apostolic/leviticus/1.htm.
- Wells, Bruce (2020). "On the Beds of a Woman: The Leviticus Texts on Same-Sex Relations Reconsidered". Sexuality and Law in the Torah. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 123–158. ISBN 9780567681607. https://www.academia.edu/42810771. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
External links
- Digitized Hebrew and Greek Manuscripts: Access and Issues – Introduction to online biblical textual studies
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