Social:Arafundi languages
| Arafundi | |
|---|---|
| Alfendio Arafundi River | |
| Geographic distribution | East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea |
| Linguistic classification | Arafundi–Piawi
|
| Glottolog | araf1243[1] |
The Arafundi languages are a small family of clearly related languages in East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea.
Languages
Ethnologue lists the Arafundi languages as (ordered geographically from north to south):[2] Kassell, et al. (2018) also recognizes these three Arafundi languages.[3]
- Nanubae
- Tapei
- Andai (Meakambut)
Karamba (Kansomai) is not listed.
Alfendio is an old synonym for Arafundi, from when it was still considered a single language.
The Arafundi languages form a dialect continuum where distinct language boundaries are highly blurred, like the Gbe languages of West Africa.[4]
An Enga-based pidgin is also used by speakers of Arafundi languages.
Foley (2018)
Foley (2018) lists completely different names (ordered geographically from north to south):[4]
- Lower Arafundi (2 dialects: the Auwim dialect of the foothills and the Imanmeri dialect of the Sepik lowlands)
- Awiakay (spoken in the Sepik lowlands)
- Imboin
- Upper Arafundi
Classification
Laycock (1973) grouped the Arafundi languages with the Ramu languages, although (according to his comments in the introduction) this grouping was apparently impressionistic and not based on either reconstructive work or lexicostatistics. Ross (2005) retains Laycock's grouping without comment. However, Foley (2005) does not include Arafundi within Ramu, and Ethnologue (2009) shows them as an independent family. Foley has suggested instead that the Arafundi and Piawi languages may be related (Comrie 1992), a position confirmed by Timothy Usher.[5]
See also
- Yimas-Arafundi Pidgin
References
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds (2017). "Arafundi". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/araf1243.
- ↑ Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds (2019). "Papua New Guinea languages". Ethnologue: Languages of the World. Dallas: SIL International. https://www.ethnologue.com/country/PG/languages.
- ↑ Kassell, Alison, Bonnie MacKenzie and Margaret Potter. 2018. Three Arafundi Languages: A Sociolinguistic Profile of Andai, Nanubae, and Tapei. SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2017-003.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Foley, William A. (2018). "The Languages of the Sepik-Ramu Basin and Environs". in Palmer, Bill. The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 197-432. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
- ↑ NewGuineaWorld Arafundi and Upper Yuat Rivers[yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
- Comrie, Bernard. "The recognition of the Piawi language family." In Tom Dutton, Malcolm Ross and Darrell Tryon, eds. The language game: Papers in memory of Donald C. Laycock. 111-113. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, 1992.
- Foley, William A. (2005). "Linguistic prehistory in the Sepik–Ramu basin". in Andrew Pawley. Papuan pasts: cultural, linguistic and biological histories of Papuan-speaking peoples. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. ISBN 0858835622. OCLC 67292782.
- Laycock, Donald. Sepik languages - checklist and preliminary classification. Pacific Linguistics B-25. Canberra, 1973.
- Ross, Malcolm (2005). "Pronouns as a preliminary diagnostic for grouping Papuan languages". in Andrew Pawley. Papuan pasts: cultural, linguistic and biological histories of Papuan-speaking peoples. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. pp. 15–66. ISBN 0858835622. OCLC 67292782.
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