Social:Papuan Gulf languages

Short description: Proposed language family of Papua New Guinea

Papuan Gulf
(proposed)
Geographic distribution	Papuan Gulf, southern Papua New Guinea
Subdivisions	Kikorian Strickland Gogodala–Suki Teberan–Pawaian
Glottolog	None
Map: The Papuan Gulf languages of New Guinea   The Papuan Gulf languages   Trans–New Guinea languages   Other Papuan languages   Austronesian languages   Uninhabited

The Papuan Gulf languages are a proposed language family of Papuan languages spoken inland from the large gulf that defines the shape of southern Papua New Guinea.

Languages

• Papuan Gulf
  • Kikorian (Kikori River)
    • Kutubuan
    • Turama–Kikorian
  • Strickland (Strickland and Soari River)
    • East Strickland
    • Doso–Turumsa
  • Gogodala–Suki (Suki–Aramia River)
  • Tua River
    • Teberan
    • Wiru
    • Pawaia

Lexical comparison

The lexical data below is from the Trans-New Guinea database and Usher (2020), unless noted otherwise. Neighboring languages not traditionally classified within Papuan Gulf are also included for comparison.

Body parts

family	language	head	hair	ear	eye	nose	tooth	tongue	leg	blood	bone	skin	breast
Trans-New Guinea	Proto-Trans-New Guinea	*kobutu; *kV(mb,p)utu; *mUtUna; *mVtVna	*iti; *(nd,s)umu(n,t)[V]; *zumun	*ka(nd,t)(i,e)C; *kat(i,e)C; *tVmV(d)	*g(a,u)mu; *ŋg(a,u)mu; *(ŋg,k)iti [maŋgV]; *nVpV	*mundu; *mutu	*magata; *maŋgat[a]; *titi	*balaŋ; *mbilaŋ; *me(l,n)e; *me(n,l)e	*kani(n); *k(a,o)ond(a,o)C; *kitu	*ke(ñj,s)a; *kesa	*kondaC; *kwata(l,n)	*gatapu; *(ŋg,k)a(nd,t)apu	*amu
Kamula	Kamula	dokupala; tɔkɔnʌlʌ	kokosasi; kɔkɔsʌse	molo; mɔlɔ	inʌma; inoma	mu; mũ	ɛpe	te; tɛ	ɛtɛ; hetei	umali; umʌ:li	ɛľu; ɛro	kapala; kʌpʌlʌ	mɛmɛ
Dibiyaso	Dibiyaso	bisikoki; bisikɔki; dagata; dapokala	bisikaka; bisi kaka	kosoropa; kosořopa; kɔsɔrɔpa	usa	deimu; demu	beserepa; beseřepa	metata; mɛtɛtʌ; mɛtɛta	tupa	balipa; baripa; memere	ki	baua	bu; burukopa
Doso-Turumsa	Doso	abaki	abuluso	apu	usa	bulu	da	ithi	sʌřei	omani	khi	bʌli	toka
Tabo	Tabo	wato	hinibó; hinibɔ	galo	ba ͥdi; baidi	dopo; dɔ:pɔ	lalo; lolo	mɛlpila; merapira	nato	hawi; haᵘwi	goha; goha:	tama	nono
Porome	Porome	kikimi	kikimikuro	obokera	ipiri	urubi	koropi	beri	warakero				eimuro
Turama-Kikori	Proto-Rumu-Omati	*mab	*b[au]t	*go̝	*isĩ	*ju	*magu		*tãᵋ		*tab		*sõ̝
Teberan	Proto-Dadibi-Folopa	*tobo	*ni[g]i	*[w]odzo	*ge[…]	*gun…		*kamina			*di[l/r]i	*wadz[i/e]	*ame
Pawaia	Pawaia	mu	muse; sị	nȩᶦ; nɛ̣i	to; toᵘ	ho; họ	su	ha̧pi; hɛmina	hɛ; si̧ʔi̧	sɛni; su̧	džɛmɛ; yɛmi	hɛʔȩ; hɛi	ɛmi
Purari	Purari	uku	kimari	keporo	inamu	pina	niʔiri	anae	ari	aro	laʔaro	kape	ame
Kaki Ae	Kaki Ae	aro	uʔumo	oʔi	ere	noʔi	huʔu	anara	fera	ivare	uki		ame

Nature

family	language	louse	dog	pig	bird	egg	tree	sun	moon	water	fire	stone	path
Trans-New Guinea	Proto-Trans-New Guinea	*niman			*n(e,i); *n(e)i; *n[e]i; *yak; *yaka[i]; *yanem	*maŋgV; *munaka; *mun(a,u)ka	*ida; *inda ~ *iñja	*kamali; *kamuli; *ketana	*kal(a,i)m; *kamali; *takVn; *takVn[V]	*nok; *(n)ok; *ok(u); *ok[V]	*inda; *k(a,e)dap; *k(a,e)(n,d)ap; *kambu; *k(a,o)nd(a,u)p	*kamb(a,u)na; *(na)muna; *[na]muna
Kamula	Kamula	iyʌ; iya	ɛsemala; esemʌlʌ	ʌľiʌ	tea	temoko; temɔkɔ	dali; tʌli	sali; sʌľi	mama; mʌmʌ	yu	deľʌpʌ; dřaƀa	ewʌľʌ; yawařa	api
Dibiyaso	Dibiyaso	pe	sapo	apo	meta; mɛta	kwapa; motakapa	besa; bosa	male; nane	iliɛpɛ; irepe	daia; daiya	betate; darau; dařau	kaɔ; kɔ	iti
Doso-Turumsa	Doso	amu	khasa	nɛna	sɩkĩ	wõnõ	gu	khikha	ři	umu	dɩki	kɔ
Tabo	Tabo	tamani	gaha		hola; hola:	kikipo	ke'ha; kɛha	kadepa; kadɛpa	manome; manomi	bea	koe; kue:	-nadi; naki	gabo
Porome	Porome		kumi	bobi	kumi		kubi	eri ipiro	omeri tero	ubi	erei	kumapi	meri
Turama-Kikori	Proto-Rumu-Omati	*gutɔm	*gas	*gɔ[u]n	*gaᵋ	*d[ɔ]um	*i	*ɛsɔa		*wẽ̝	*i		*dɛⁱ
Teberan	Proto-Dadibi-Folopa		*j[o]wi	*kibu	*ba	*ge	*ni	*s[u]g[a]		*wẽi	*si[a]		*tũ
Pawaia	Pawaia	po; poř	hạ; hɛ̧	ya	deř; ge	ge džu; yo	i̧; in	ol; olsuɛ; sia	we; wɛ	sa	sia	tobu; topu	sụ
Purari	Purari	kaeriʔi	oroko		nako	munu	iri	lare	ia	ere	iau	rore
Kaki Ae	Kaki Ae	saruta	evera		mini	mini umu	oproro	lare	fuiya	haime	aiyeʔi	ere

Miscellaneous

family	language	man	woman	name	eat	one	two
Trans-New Guinea	Proto-Trans-New Guinea	*abV; *ambi	*panV; *pan(V)	*ibi; *imbi; *wani	*na; *na-		*ta(l,t)(a,e)
Kamula	Kamula	ɔpɔlʌimi; opřami	eya; ɛ̃yã	hi	dampřoma; tʌɛdɔma	hatropɛ; hʌtɔlɔp	dapiamɛtɛ; depiʌmɛtɛ
Dibiyaso	Dibiyaso	sau	tawa͗e; tawoi; tawɔi	yo	na-	makate	ařapa
Doso-Turumsa	Doso	haimo	dobo	samu	nane
Tabo	Tabo	dubu; tubu	kamena	mahiro; mahiřo	hɛna; nɛ:na	kapia	nete'ewa
Porome	Porome	moia	eria
Turama-Kikori	Proto-Rumu-Omati				*e̝ne̝ne̝n		*t[aⁱ/aᵋ]
Teberan	Proto-Dadibi-Folopa		*so		*nV-	*me
Pawaia	Pawaia	džʌʔla; yala	oi; u	hɛʔɛpi; hopi	hatisụɛ; ti haʔayɛ	pɛʔɛmi; pomi	naʔau; nau
Purari	Purari	vake	aʔe	noe	navai	monou	leʔeo
Kaki Ae	Kaki Ae	aru	aʔu	iru	muake	okiao	uʔungka

Further reading

• Franklin, K. editor. The linguistic situation in the Gulf District and adjacent areas, Papua New Guinea. C-26, x + 607 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1973. doi:10.15144/PL-C26