Social:Declarations of war during World War I

From HandWiki

A declaration of war is a formal act by which one nation goes to war against another. A declaration is usually an act of delivering a performative speech (not to be confused with a mere speech) or the presentation of a signed document by an authorized party of a national government in order to create a state of war between two or more sovereign states. In the context of World War I, the official international protocol for declaring war was defined in the Hague Convention of 1907 (or Hague II).[1] For the diplomatic maneuvering behind these events, which led to hostilities between nations, see Diplomatic history of World War I.

List of war declarations

Below is a table showing the outbreaks of wars between nations which occurred during World War I. Indicated are the dates (during the immediate build-up to, or during the course of, World War I) from which a de facto state of war existed between nations. The table shows both the initiator states and the state at which the declaration of war was aimed. Events listed include those in which there were a simple diplomatic breaking of relations that did not involve any physical attack, as well as those involving overt declarations or acts of aggression.

Date[2][3][4] Initiator states Targeted states
July 28, 1914  Austria-Hungary File:State Flag of Serbia (1882-1918).svg Serbia
August 1, 1914 File:Flag of the German Empire.svg Germany File:Flag of The Russian Empire 1883.svg Russia
August 3, 1914  Belgium
File:Flag of France (1794–1815, 1830–1958).svg France
August 4, 1914  British Empire File:Flag of the German Empire.svg Germany
August 5, 1914 File:Kingdom of Montenegro Flag 1905-1918.png Montenegro  Austria-Hungary
August 6, 1914  Austria-Hungary File:Flag of The Russian Empire 1883.svg Russia
File:State Flag of Serbia (1882-1918).svg Serbia File:Flag of the German Empire.svg Germany
August 8, 1914 File:Kingdom of Montenegro Flag 1905-1918.png Montenegro
August 12, 1914  British Empire  Austria-Hungary
File:Flag of France (1794–1815, 1830–1958).svg France
August 23, 1914 File:Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg Japan File:Flag of the German Empire.svg Germany
August 25, 1914  Austria-Hungary
August 28, 1914  Austria-Hungary  Belgium
November 1, 1914 File:Flag of The Russian Empire 1883.svg Russia File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire.svg Ottoman Empire
November 5, 1914 File:Flag of France (1794–1815, 1830–1958).svg France
 British Empire
November 11, 1914 File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire.svg Ottoman Empire File:Flag of The Russian Empire 1883.svg Russia
File:Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg Japan
 British Empire
December 2, 1914 File:State Flag of Serbia (1882-1918).svg Serbia File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire.svg Ottoman Empire
December 3, 1914 File:Kingdom of Montenegro Flag 1905-1918.png Montenegro
December 5, 1914 File:Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg Japan
May 23, 1915  Italy  Austria-Hungary
August 21, 1915 File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire.svg Ottoman Empire
August 28, 1916 File:Flag of the German Empire.svg Germany
October 14, 1915  Bulgaria File:State Flag of Serbia (1882-1918).svg Serbia
October 15, 1915  British Empire  Bulgaria
File:Kingdom of Montenegro Flag 1905-1918.png Montenegro
October 16, 1915 File:Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg Japan
File:Flag of France (1794–1815, 1830–1958).svg France
October 19, 1915  Italy
File:Flag of The Russian Empire 1883.svg Russia
March 9, 1916 File:Flag of the German Empire.svg Germany  Portugal
March 15, 1916  Austria-Hungary
August 28, 1916  Romania  Austria-Hungary
File:Flag of the German Empire.svg Germany  Romania
August 30, 1916 File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire.svg Ottoman Empire
September 1, 1916  Bulgaria
April 6, 1917  United States File:Flag of the German Empire.svg Germany
April 7, 1917  Panama
 Cuba
June 27, 1917  Greece  Austria-Hungary
File:Flag of the German Empire.svg Germany
 Bulgaria
File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire.svg Ottoman Empire
July 22, 1917  Siam  Austria-Hungary
July 22, 1917 File:Flag of the German Empire.svg Germany
August 4, 1917  Liberia
August 14, 1917 Republic of China (1912–1949) China  Austria-Hungary
August 14, 1917 File:Flag of the German Empire.svg Germany
October 26, 1917  Brazil
December 7, 1917  United States  Austria-Hungary
December 10, 1917  Panama
April 23, 1918  Guatemala File:Flag of the German Empire.svg Germany
May 6, 1918  Nicaragua  Austria-Hungary
May 6, 1918 File:Flag of the German Empire.svg Germany
May 23, 1918  Costa Rica
July 12, 1918  Haiti
July 19, 1918  Honduras

See also

  • United Kingdom declaration of war upon Germany (1914)
  • United States declaration of war on Germany (1917)
  • United States declaration of war on Austria-Hungary

References

  1. ↑ On the Opening of Hostilities; 1907; Yale Law School Library; retrieved March 2014.
  2. ↑ "World War: Declarations of War from Around the World". Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/law/help/digitized-books/world-war-i-declarations/foreign.php#U. 
  3. ↑ "Who Declared War and When". Firstworldwar.com. http://www.firstworldwar.com/features/declarationsofwar.htm. 
  4. ↑ Ian F.W. Becket, The Great War, second edition, Pearson Education Ltd., 2007, ISBN 978-1-4058-1252-8




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