Social:Magadhi Prakrit

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Short description: Written language of Ancient India


Magadhi Prakrit
Māgadhī
Brahmi: 𑀫𑀸𑀕𑀥𑀻
RegionIndia
Extinctdeveloped into the Eastern Indo-Aryan languages[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3–
GlottologNone

Magadhi Prakrit (Māgadhī) is of one of the three Dramatic Prakrits, the written languages of Ancient India following the decline of Pali and Sanskrit. It was a vernacular Middle Indo-Aryan language, replacing earlier Vedic Sanskrit.[2]

History and overview

Magadhi Prakrit was spoken in the eastern Indian subcontinent, in a region spanning what is now eastern India, Bangladesh and Nepal.[3][4] Associated with the ancient Magadha, it was spoken in present-day Assam, Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha and eastern Uttar Pradesh under various apabhramsha dialects,[5] and used in some dramas to represent vernacular dialogue in Prakrit dramas. It is believed to be the language spoken by the important religious figures Gautama Buddha and Mahavira[6] and was also the language of the courts of the Magadha mahajanapada and the Maurya Empire; some of the Edicts of Ashoka were composed in it.[4][7]

Magadhi Prakrit later evolved into the Eastern Indo-Aryan languages:[1][8]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 South Asian folklore: an encyclopedia : Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, By Peter J. Claus, Sarah Diamond, Margaret Ann Mills, Routledge, 2003, p. 203
  2. ↑ Cardona, George; Jain, Dhanesh, eds. (2003), "The historical context and development of Indo-Aryan", The Indo-Aryan Languages, Routledge language family series, London: Routledge, pp. 46–66, ISBN 0-7007-1130-9 
  3. ↑ Prasad, Balaram; Mukherjee, Sibasis. "Magadhi / Magahi". http://lsi.gov.in/MTSI_app/DraftReport/Bihar/11.%20MAGADHI%20MAGAHI.pdf. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Chatterji, Suniti Kumar (1926) (in English). The Origin and Development of the Bengali Language. p. vi. https://archive.org/details/OriginDevelopmentOfBengali/CHATTERJI_Origin-Development-of-Bengali_Vol-1/page/n3/mode/2up?q=magadhi+prakrit+bengal. 
  5. ↑ Grierson, Sir George Abraham (1903) (in en). The Languages of India: Being a Reprint of the Chapter on Languages. Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India. pp. 57–58. https://books.google.com/books?id=L65DAAAAYAAJ&q=magadhi+prakrit+bengal. 
  6. ↑ Beames, John (2012). Comparative Grammar of the Modern Aryan Languages of India: To Wit, Hindi, Panjabi, Sindhi, Gujarati, Marathi, Oriya, and Bangali. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9781139208871.003. ISBN 978-1-139-20887-1. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ref/id/CBO9781139208871. 
  7. ↑ Bashan A.L., The Wonder that was India, Picador, 2004, pp. 394
  8. ↑ Ray, Tapas S. (2007). "Chapter Eleven: "Oriya". In Jain, Danesh; Cardona, George. The Indo-Aryan Languages. Routledge. p. 445. ISBN:978-1-135-79711-9.

External links

  • Jain Agams
  • Jainism in Buddhist Literature
  • Toulmin, Mathew W S (2006). Reconstructing linguistic history in a dialect continuum: The Kamta, Rajbanshi, and Northern Deshi Bangla subgroup of Indo-Aryan (PhD). The Australian National University.



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