Social:Northern Karelian dialect
| Northern Karelian | |
|---|---|
| North Karelian White Sea Karelian Viena Karelian | |
| Vienankarjala | |
| Native to | Russia and Finland |
| Region | White Sea Karelia |
Uralic
| |
| Official status | |
Recognised minority language in | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | krl |
| Glottolog | nort2673[3] |
 Karelian Proper consists of 1a | |
Northern Karelian (also called: White Sea Karelian, Viena Karelian and North Karelian) (North Karelian: Vienankarjala) is one of the two dialects of Karelian Proper. Northern Karelian is spoken mainly in White Karelia, and is also the traditional language of the villages of Hietajärvi, Kuivajärvi and Rimpi in the Kainuu region of Finland.[4] Northern Karelian is the most mutually intelligible Karelian dialect to speakers of the Finnish language.[5]
Northern Karelian differs from South Karelian due to its inclusion of the voiceless consonants p, t, k, s and š.[6] It also differs due to its more common usage of the š [sh/see] letter more than in other Karelian dialects.
Location
Northern Karelian is spoken in the northernmost parts of the Republic of Karelia, which is called White Karelia and in the villages of Hietajärvi, Kuivajärvi and Rimpi in Kainuu.[4] Specifically it is spoken in the parishes of Yushkozero (ru), Keret (village) (ru), Kiestinki, Kontokki, Olanga (fi), Paanajärvi, Tikhtozero (fi), Suomussalmi, Uhtua, Poduzhemye (village) (ru), Vychetaibola (fi) and Vuokkiniemi.[6]
Examples
The following example is from Petroskoi in 1995:[7]
| North Karelian | Finnish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Ennein vanhah karjalaiset varattih riähkyä. | Ennen vanhaan karjalaiset varoivat tekemästä syntiä. | In the old days, Karelians were careful not to sin. |
Southern, Northern and Livvi dialects compared:[8]
| Livvi | Southern | Northern | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| pakkaskuu | pakkaiskuu | pakkaiskuu | January |
| tuhukuu | tuuččakuu | tuiskukuu | February |
| kevätkuu | kevätkuu | kevätkuu | March |
| sulakuu | sulakuu | šulakuu | April |
References
- ↑ Change in the regulation by the president of Finland about European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, 27.11.2009 (in Finnish)
- ↑ "Законодательные акты: О государственной поддержке карельского, вепсского и финского языков в Республике Карелия". http://gov.karelia.ru/Legislation/lawbase.html?lid=1751.
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds (2017). "Northern Karelian". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/nort2673.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Torikka, Marja (2004). "Karjala – kieli, murre ja paikka" (in fi). Institute for the Languages of Finland (Kotus). https://www.kotus.fi/nyt/kolumnit_artikkelit_ja_esitelmat/artikkelit/karjala_kieli_murre_ja_paikka.
- ↑ "Vienankarjala | Karjalan Sivistysseura" (in fi). https://www.karjalansivistysseura.fi/oppimateriaalit/vienankarjala/.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Murteet | Karjalan Sivistysseura" (in fi). https://www.karjalansivistysseura.fi/karjalan-kieli/murteet/.
- ↑ "Näyte vienankarjalasta | Karjalan Sivistysseura" (in fi). https://www.karjalansivistysseura.fi/karjalan-kieli/kirjakielet/nayte-vienankarjalasta/.
- ↑ "Kuut karjalaksi" (in fi). https://blogs.uef.fi/karjalanelvytys/kuut-karjalaksi/.
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