Social:Poliespo

Short description: Extension of Esperanto that combines Cherokee grammatical features

Poliespo
Created by	Billy Ray Waldon
Date	Likely began in the 1950s or 1960s
Users	Unknown, atleast one
Purpose	constructed language International auxiliary language Poliespo
Writing system	Latin
Sources	Phonology derived from Esperanto, vocabulary mostly from Esperanto, but also partially English and Spanish, plus two words from Cherokee, grammar from Esperanto and Cherokee.
Language codes
ISO 639-3	None (mis)
Glottolog	None

Poliespo (Polisinteza Esperanto) (English: "Polysynthetic Esperanto"), also referred to as Po, is an International auxiliary language created by Billy Ray Waldon (also known as Nvwtohiyada Idehesdi Sequoyah), a Native American Movement activist and Esperantist on death row.

Goals

The principle of creation for Poliespo was Nvwtohiyada's belief that certain languages contain words that made communication quicker, which he referred to as "lightning bolts" or "lightning words", and the goal was to combine as many of these as possible into one language. The language was originally referred to as Anagalisgi, the romanized form of Cherokee word for lightning. Most of Poliespo comes from Cherokee, English, Esperanto, and Spanish, the languages that Nvwtohiyada could speak.

The philosophy behind the language is reminiscent of sound symbolism or phonosemantics, and therefore radically differs from the principles of Esperanto.

Nvwtohiyada also claimed that learning Poliespo is a golden opportunity to acquire an "Iroquoian spirit". It is claimed that speaking Poliespo well is impossible without knowing Esperanto. In fact, repeating yourself in Esperanto (in this context, referred to as "Zaespo"), if you aren't understood in Poliespo ("Idpo" in this context), is considered speaking Poliespo.

Phonology and Orthography

Alphabet: a, â, ⱥ, ⱥ̂, b, b̆, c, ĉ, d, e, ê, f, g, ĝ, h, ĥ, i, ĭ, ĭ:, ĭ́, î, î:, î́, j, ĵ, k, k̆, l, m, m̆, n, n̆, o, ô, p, pʷ (actually, an overstruck ʷ), s, ŝ, t, t̂, ť, u, û, ŭ, v, z, ẑ, z̆, q, q́, q̂, q̂́, w, ẃ, ŵ, ŵ́, x, x́, y, 2, 2́.

Finding information about the Poliespo language as a whole is difficult, and most of the information is poorly explained. However, Poliespo is believed to have 32 consonants, including the glottal stop, in addition to 19 vowels (10 oral vowels, all but one of which has an equivalent nasal vowel). Poliespo is also a tonal language, having 3 or 4 tones. Rising tone is the only tone that is marked, using an acute accent, and it is unknown what the other tones are.

Poliespo Consonants

	Bilabial		Dental		Alveolar		Post- alveolar		Palatal		Velar		Glottal
Nasal	m				n
Stop	p	b					t	d			k	ɡ	/ʔ/
Preaspirated Nasal	m̆ /ʰm/				n̆ /ʰn/
Preaspirated Stop	b̆ /ʰb/										k̆ /ʰk/
Labialized Stop	pʷ
Affricate					c /t͡s/		ĉ /t͡ʃ/	ĝ /d͡ʒ/
Fricative	f	v	t̂ /θ/	ť /ð/	s	z	ŝ /ʃ/	ĵ /ʒ/	y /ç/		ĥ /x/		h
Approximant	ŭ /w/				l				j		(ŭ /w/)
Trill					r

Ẑ is [kts], z̆ is [gdz].

Poliespo Oral Vowels

	Front		Central		Back
Close	i	ĭ /ɪ/			u
Mid	e		x /ə/	q /ɜ~ɝ/	o
Open	ⱥ /æ/		a		w /ɔ/

Poliespo Nasal Vowels

	Front		Central		Back
Close	î /ɪ̃/				û /ũ/
Mid	ê /ẽ/		2 /ə̃/	q̂ /ɜ̃~ɝ̃/	ô /õ/
Open	ⱥ̂ /æ̃/		â /ã/		ŵ /ɔ̃/

The reason why [ə̃] is written with the number 2, is because Waldon believed the number 2 resembles a nose.

Grammar

The structure is more similar to Ido than to Esperanto, since radicals are inflected (it is a polysynthetic language); therefore, the language is not perfectly agglutinative. Unlike Ido, it has only one prefix in addition to those of Esperanto: pe-, which is used to indicate the "neutral" gender. Besides the accusative, there is also a subject suffix, as in Korean and Japanese.

banant̂ⱥn2plaĉqlx!

banana-PL.SING-like-DAT-HAB

"I don't like bananas!"

External links

• Pli kaj pli malfacila la situacio de Sequoyah - Heroldo Komunikas n-ro 247, text of the article.
• Pli kaj pli malfacila la situacio de Sequoyahx - Radio 3ZZZ, 2004-09-27, the article is read aloud.