Social:Wellerman

From HandWiki

"Soon May the Wellerman Come", also known as "Wellerman" or "The Wellerman", is a folk song in ballad style[1] first published in New Zealand in the 1970s. The "wellermen" were supply ships owned by the Weller brothers, three merchant traders in the 1800s who were amongst the earliest European settlers of the Otago region of New Zealand.

In early 2021, a cover by Scottish song artist Nathan Evans became a viral hit on the social media site TikTok, leading to a "social media craze" around sea shanties and maritime songs.[1][2][3][4]

Historical background

Weller's Rock or Te Umukuri,[5] one of two lookout points for whales (along with Taiaroa Head) used by whalers.[4] Aramoana, across Otago Harbour, is visible in the background.[6]
It has been designated as a historic reserve for protection.[7]

The history of whaling in New Zealand stretches from the late eighteenth century to 1965. In 1831, the British-born Weller brothers Edward, George and Joseph, who had emigrated to Sydney in 1829, founded a whaling station at Otago Heads near modern Dunedin in the South Island of New Zealand, seventeen years before Dunedin was established.[8] Speaking at centennial celebrations in 1931, New Zealand's Governor General Lord Bledisloe recalled how the Weller brothers had on their voyage to New Zealand "brought in the 'Lucy Ann' (the Weller brothers' barque) a good deal of rum and a good deal of gunpowder...and some at least were rum characters".[8] Weller brothers initially engaged in whaling on Otago Peninsula in 1831,[9] and from 1833, they sold provisions to whalers in New Zealand from their base at Otakou, which they had named "Otago".[8] Their employees became known as "wellermen".[10][8]

Unlike whaling in the Atlantic and northern Pacific, whalers in New Zealand practised shore-based whaling which required them to process the whale carcasses on land.[11] At its peak in 1834, the Otakou station was producing 310 tons of whale oil a year[8] and became the centre of a network of seven stations that formed a highly profitable enterprise for the Wellers, employing as many as 85 people at Otago alone.[12] From the Otakou base the Wellers branched out into industries as diverse as "timber, spars, flax, potatoes, dried fish, Māori artefacts, and even tattooed Māori heads which were in keen demand in Sydney".[13]

By 1835, the year that Joseph Weller died in Otago from tuberculosis,[14] the brothers became convinced of the need to abandon the station even as they branched out into massive land purchases in New Zealand.[13] The Weller brothers' success in the whaling industry was fleeting, and they were declared bankrupt in 1840 after failed attempts at large-scale land purchase in New South Wales.[12] The Otakou station closed in 1841, with 10 tons of oils produced.[8][15] In 1841, the Court of Claims in New South Wales ruled that the Weller brothers' purchases of land in New Zealand were legally invalid, after which the Wellers "slipped unobtrusively out of the pages of New Zealand history".[13]

Impacts and legacy

Southern Right Whale, or Tohorā, was the primally targeted species in shore whaling industry in New Zealand, and infrequently appears in Otago waters today.[6][16][17][18]

With the success of the Otakou station, the Weller brothers extended whaling grounds from Akaroa on Banks Peninsula in the north to Stewart Island in the south, with three within Otago Harbour and one in Blueskin Bay,[19] and at least five between Pūrākaunui and Banks Peninsula. Their operations drew attentions from other whalers including Johnny Jones, leading to the expansion of the industry along the east coast of the South Island and establishments of competing stations throughout the Otago region. However, the industry was short-lived in general due to overexploitations causing depletion of local whale stocks and dwindling catches.[14][15][9] Additionally, arrivals of whaling ships from Sydney presumably triggered an epidemic in the region.[20]

Industrial whaling in New Zealand continued until the 1960s. Commercial and illegal whaling operations triggered depletions of whale populations and their migrations, especially the Southern Rights (Tohorā) and the Humpbacks (Paikea). Right Whales were named as the "right whales to hunt",[4] and were prioritized targets for their behaviors being slow and coastal and docile, quantities of oils and baleens and whalebones they yield, and their carcasses with high buoyancies.[6][9]

The whale lookout point Weller's Rock, or Te Umukuri in te reo Māori,[5] was named after Weller brothers, and has become a protected historic reserve, along with their whaling tools and artifacts being preserved.[4][7][14] Historic presences of whales and whaling industry in Otago Harbour have become an influential topic for educational and cultural aspects,[6] such as introductions of whale-based designs on artworks and buildings[19][21] and the Wellerman sea shanty became a global hit.[4]

Synopsis

The song's lyrics describe a whaling ship called the Billy o' Tea and its hunt for a right whale. The song describes how the ship's crew hope for a "wellerman" to arrive and bring them supplies of luxuries.

"Soon may the Wellerman come

To bring us sugar and tea and rum
One day, when the tonguin' is done

We'll take our leave and go"

"Wellerman" chorus

According to the song's listing on the website New Zealand Folk Song, "the workers at these bay-whaling stations (shore whalers) were not paid wages, they were paid in slops (ready made clothing), spirits and tobacco."[10] The chorus continues with the crew singing of their confidence that the "tonguin'" will be the last step of their plight. Tonguing in this context refers to the practice of cutting strips of whale blubber to render into oil.[11] Subsequent verses detail the captain's determination to bring in the whale in question, even as time passes and the quartet of whaling boats is lost in the fight. In the last verse, the narrator conveys how the Billy o' Tea is still considered locked in an ongoing struggle with the whale, with the wellerman making "his regular call" to strengthen the captain and crew.

History

New Zealand–based music teacher and folk music compiler Neil Colquhoun claimed to have collected the song around 1966[22] from one F. R. Woods. Woods, who was in his 80s at the time, had allegedly heard the song, as well as the song "John Smith A.B.", from his uncle. The song "John Smith A.B." was printed in a 1904 issue of The Bulletin, where it was attributed to one D.H. Rogers. David Hunter Rogers was a first-generation Scottish immigrant who worked in the Union Company beginning in 1880; Wellerman does not resemble "John Smith A.B." or his other published poems.[10] In 1973, "Soon May the Wellerman Come" was included in Colquhoun's book of New Zealand folk songs, New Zealand Folksongs: Songs of a Young Country.[23]

Recordings

The song has been frequently performed and remixed, with over 10 recorded renditions between 1971 and 2005. In 1990, the New England–based folk trio of Gordon Bok, Ann Mayo Muir, and Ed Trickett recorded and released a version on their studio album And So Will We Yet, produced by Folk-Legacy Records.[24]

In 2013, the Wellington Sea Shanty Society released a version of the song on their album Now That's What I Call Sea Shanties Vol. 1.[2] A particularly well-known rendition of the song was made by the Bristol-based a cappella musical group the Longest Johns on their collection of nautical songs Between Wind and Water in 2018.[25] In the wake of the "ShantyTok" social media sensation in 2021, Wellington Sea Shanty Society member Lake Davineer remarked that their recording had experienced a new burst of popularity.[2]

In 2021, two pirate metal bands covered "Wellerman"; Alestorm and Storm Seeker.[26][27] In 3, a new version of the song was recorded for the trailer for the upcoming action-adventure game Skull and Bones.

The Longest Johns version

"Wellerman"
Song by the Longest Johns
from the album Between Wind and Water
ReleasedJune 8, 2018
GenreFolk
LengthScript error: No such module "hms".
LabelDecca
Producer(s)The Longest Johns

The version of the song recorded by British folk group the Longest Johns (under the name "Wellerman") features as the third track on the group's second studio album, Between Wind and Water (2018). A remix of the song was released on January 12, 2021.[25][28][29]

Chart (2021) Peak
position
Canadian Digital Songs (Billboard)[30] 38
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[31] 37

Nathan Evans version

"Wellerman (Sea Shanty)"
Single by Nathan Evans
from the album Wellerman – The Album
Released22 January 2021[32]
GenreFolk, pop
LengthScript error: No such module "hms".
LabelPolydor
Producer(s)Saltwives
Nathan Evans singles chronology
"Wellerman (Sea Shanty)"
(2021)
"Told You So"
(2021)
Videos
"Wellerman" (music video) on YouTube
"Wellerman"
Single by Nathan Evans
from the album Wellerman – The Album
Released22 January 2021
GenreDeep house, pop, electronic
LengthScript error: No such module "hms".
LabelPolydor
Songwriter(s)
  • Nathan Evans
  • Alexander Oriet
  • David Phelan
  • William Graydon
  • Samuel Brennan
  • Tom Hollings
Producer(s)
  • 220 Kid
  • Billen Ted
Nathan Evans singles chronology
"Throw It Away"
(2020)
"Wellerman"
(2021)
220 Kid singles chronology
"Too Many Nights"
(2020)
"Wellerman"
(2021)
"Unconditional"
(2021)
Billen Ted singles chronology
"Satisfied"
(2020)
"Wellerman"
(2021)
Music video
"Wellerman" (220KID x Billen Ted Remix music video on YouTube

A version by Scottish musician Nathan Evans further increased the song's exposure. Popularized as a sea shanty despite being more accurately described as a ballad (or specifically a forebitter or sea song), there was a surge in interest in sea shanties and a multitude of remixes and new versions. Evans's version has been praised for its "authentic sense of stoic forbearance" that has appealed to young people in lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic, who like 19th-century whalers "are similarly marking time". In the Rolling Stone article discussing his success, Evans cited the Albany Shantymen version of the song as inspiration.[33] Because of its origins on TikTok, the trend of performing sea songs like "Soon May the Wellerman Come" on social media has been called "ShantyTok".[34] The song, jointly credited to Nathan Evans and remixers 220 Kid and Billen Ted by the Official Charts Company (OCC), reached number one on the UK Singles Chart.[35] A new version of "Wellerman" with German folk band Santiano was released as a single on 19 February 2021.[36] This version was included on the track listing of Santiano's EP Sea Shanties – Wellerman, which was released digitally on 26 February 2021.[37]

In February 2021, Evans, 220 Kid, and Billen Ted performed the song for the CBBC television programme Blue Peter.[38] In March 2021, Evans performed the song for the "End of the Show Show" segment on Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway, "Soon When the Saturday Come" along with the programme's presenters.[39] The performance included altered lyrics for the occasion and was accompanied by video footage of sing-alongs by celebrities, including Joan Collins, Josh Groban, Laura Whitmore and Dermot O'Leary.[40] Crew members of the Royal National Lifeboat Institution, including those from Portishead and Sheringham, also submitted video for the performance, and Queen guitarist Brian May provided a guitar solo.[41][42] In the seven countries where the remix has reached the top of the record charts, 200 non-fungible tokens were sold, which each include a new dance track, digital art, and a password redeemable for a future asset, with part of their proceeds going to the Royal National Lifeboat Institution and a scholarship by 220 Kid.[43]

The version sparked multiple parodies, both on and off TikTok, including a Taylor Swift hit sung to the tune of Evans' version of "Wellerman" performed by the United States Navy Band, a Roman Catholic priest who changed the shanty's lyrics to explain Ash Wednesday, and a parody called Waiting for the Vaccine by Rainer Hersch.[44][45][46]

In 2022, the Seattle Mariners used the 220 Kid and Billen Ted remix of the Evans track as a rally song for attendees at T-Mobile Park.[47]

Track listings

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Personnel

Credits adapted from Discogs.[48]

  • Saltwives – producer, engineer, studio personnel
  • Alex Oriet
  • David Phelan
  • Nathan Evans – associated performer, vocals
  • Samuel Brannan
  • Tom Hollings
  • William Graydon
  • Mike Hillier – mastering engineer, studio personnel
  • James Reynolds – mixer, studio personnel

Charts and Certifications

Weekly chart performance for "Wellerman (Sea Shanty)"

Chart (2021) Peak
position
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[49] 1
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[50] 1
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia)[51] 21
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[52] 54
Germany (GfK)[53] 1
Germany Airplay (BVMI)[54] 2
Global 200 (Billboard)[55] 16
Hungary (Rádiós Top 40)[56] 1
Hungary (Single Top 40)[57] 4
Hungary (Stream Top 40)[58] 7
Latvia (European Hit Radio)[59] 1
New Zealand Hot Singles (RMNZ)[60] 39
Norway (VG-lista)[61] 1
Portugal (AFP)[62] 154
Romania (Airplay 100)[63] 81
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[64] 9
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[65] 1
US Billboard Hot 100[66] 116
US Digital Songs (Billboard)[67] 4

2021 year-end chart performance for "Wellerman (Sea Shanty)"

Chart (2021) Position
Belgium (Ultratop Flanders)[68] 14
Belgium (Ultratop Wallonia)[69] 91
Germany (Official German Charts)[70] 1
Global 200 (Billboard)[71] 66
Hungary (Radio Top 40)[72] 16
Hungary (Single Top 40)[73] 30
Hungary (Stream Top 40)[74] 19
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[75] 25
Switzerland (Swiss Hitparade)[76] 1

2022 year-end chart performance for "Wellerman (Sea Shanty)"

Chart (2022) Position
Germany (Official German Charts)[77] 32
Global Excl. US (Billboard)[78] 189
Switzerland (Swiss Hitparade)[79] 31

Certifications for "Wellerman (Sea Shanty)"

Region Certification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)[citation needed] 2× Platinum 140,000
Belgium (BEA)[80] Gold 20,000
Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil)[81] 2× Platinum 80,000
Canada (Music Canada)[82] 4× Platinum 320,000
Denmark (IFPI Danmark)[83] Platinum 90,000
France (SNEP)[84] Diamond 333,333
New Zealand (RMNZ)[85] Platinum 30,000
Poland (ZPAV)[86] 3× Platinum 150,000
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[87] Gold 30,000
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[88] Gold 10,000
United States (RIAA)[89] Gold 500,000
Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Weekly chart performance for "Wellerman" (220 Kid x Billen Ted remix)

Chart (2021) Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[90] 62
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[49] 1
Czech Republic (Rádio – Top 100)[91] 5
Czech Republic (Singles Digitál Top 100)[92] 8
Denmark (Hitlisten)[93] 10
Finland (The Official Finnish Charts)[94] 6
France (SNEP)[95] 36
Iceland (Music of Iceland)[96] 19
Ireland (IRMA)[97] 2
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[98] 1
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[99] 1
Norway (VG-lista)[100] 1
Poland (Polish Airplay Top 100)[101] 5
Slovakia (Rádio Top 100)[102] 31
Slovakia (Singles Digitál Top 100)[103] 13
UK Singles (OCC)[104] 1
UK Audio Streaming (OCC)[105] 1
UK Dance (OCC)[106] 1
UK Physical Singles Chart (OCC)[107] 1
UK Singles Chart Update (OCC)[108] 1
UK Singles Downloads (OCC)[109] 1
UK Singles Sales Chart (OCC)[110] 1
UK Streaming Chart (OCC)[111] 2

2021 year-end chart performance for "Wellerman" (220 Kid x Billen Ted remix)

Chart (2021) Position
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[112] 1
Denmark (Tracklisten)[113] 40
France (SNEP)[114] 104
Ireland (IRMA)[115] 35
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[116] 17
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[117] 12
Norway (VG-lista)[118] 12
Poland (ZPAV)[119] 59
UK Singles (OCC)[120] 11

2022 year-end chart performance for "Wellerman" (220 Kid x Billen Ted remix)

Chart (2022) Position
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[121] 26

Certifications for "Wellerman" (220 Kid x Billen Ted remix)

Region Certification Certified units/sales
Austria (IFPI Austria)[122] 3× Platinum 90,000
Germany (BVMI)[123] Diamond 1,000,000
Italy (FIMI)[124] Gold 50,000
United Kingdom (BPI)[125] 2× Platinum 1,200,000
Streaming
Sweden (GLF)[126] 3× Platinum 36,000,000
Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Streaming-only figures based on certification alone.


See also

  • List of number-one hits of 2021 (Austria)
  • List of Ultratop 50 number-one singles of 2021
  • List of number-one hits of 2021 (Germany)
  • List of number-one singles of the 2020s (Hungary)
  • List of top 10 singles in 2021 (Ireland)
  • List of Dutch Top 40 number-one singles of 2021
  • List of number-one songs in Norway
  • List of number-one hits of 2021 (Switzerland)
  • List of Official Audio Streaming Chart number ones of the 2020s
  • List of UK Dance Singles Chart number ones of 2021
  • List of UK Singles Chart number ones of the 2020s
  • List of UK Singles Downloads Chart number ones of the 2020s
  • List of UK top-ten singles in 2021
  • Lightning Tree song

References

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  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Braae, Alex (14 January 2021). "Ahoy! A sea shanty veteran on why the genre is blowing up on social media". https://thespinoff.co.nz/music/14-01-2021/ahoy-a-sea-shanty-veteran-on-why-the-genre-is-blowing-up-on-social-media/. 
  3. Craven, TinaMarie (7 March 2021). "TikTok's viral 'Wellerman' isn't a real shanty — and more facts about maritime songs". Connecticut Post. https://www.ctinsider.com/living/ctpost/article/TikTok-s-viral-Wellerman-isn-t-a-real-15997156.php. 
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  20. amanda (2017-06-07). "Old Shells and Measles Hell on the South Otago Coast". https://adventure.nunn.nz/2017/06/07/old-shells-and-measles-hell-on-the-south-otago-coast/. 
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  27. Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine{{cbignore} b| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=krCvFULcT-A%7C title = Storm Seeker - Wellerman (Sea Shanty Folk Session) | website=YouTube| date = 18 February 2021 }}
  28. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ElleHuntGuardian
  29. Stokel-Walker, Chris. "A sea shanty expert explains why the song going viral on TikTok isn't actually a sea shanty". https://www.insider.com/sea-shanty-tiktok-the-wellerman-isnt-actually-a-sea-shanty-2021-1. 
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  31. "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 23 January 2021.
  32. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named evansapple
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  40. McStay, Kirsten (13 March 2021). "Scot Nathan Evans closes Ant and Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway with huge celeb Sea shanty". Daily Record. https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/entertainment/celebrity/scot-nathan-evans-closes-ant-23711500. 
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  42. Pickstock, Heather (15 March 2021). "Portishead lifeboat crew appear on Ant and Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway". Bristol Post. https://www.bristolpost.co.uk/news/bristol-news/portishead-lifeboat-crew-appear-ant-5178080. 
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  44. Overdeep, Meghan (2 February 2021). "Watch the U.S. Navy Band Perform a "Sea Shanty Parody" of a Popular Taylor Swift Song". Southern Living. https://www.southernliving.com/news/u-s-navy-band-taylor-swift-sea-shanty. Retrieved 12 August 2022. 
  45. Burke, Jennifer (5 March 2021). "Auburn priest's TikTok-style Lenten sea shanty is popular online". Catholic Courier. https://catholiccourier.com/articles/categories-special-sections-auburn-priests-tiktok-style-lenten-sea-shanty-is-popular/. 
  46. @rainerhersch. "A vaccine sea shanty". https://twitter.com/rainerhersch/status/1400248643391823872.  Missing or empty |date= (help)
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