Software:Oniro OS
| OniroOSlogo | |
| Developer | Various (Eclipse Foundation, Huawei, Linaro, Seco and others) |
|---|---|
| Written in | C, C++, JS, Rust and ArkTS |
| OS family | OpenHarmony |
| Working state | Current |
| Source model | Open source |
| Initial release | October 26, 2021 |
| |Final release|Latest release}} | 4.0 / October 26, 2023[1] |
| Repository | github |
| Marketing target | Internet of Things, Single-board computers, Embedded systems, Home automation, Home appliances, Multimedia devices, Consumer electronics |
| Update method | Over-the-air |
| Package manager | .app |
| Platforms | ARM, RISC-V, x86, x64 and LoongArch[2] |
| Kernel type | Multikernel (KAL (Kernel Abstract Layer subsystem) with Zephyr kernel, Linux Yocto and add-ons |
| Userland | System Service Layer[3] |
| License | Eclipse Public License |
| Official website | oniroproject |
| Support status | |
| Supported | |
Eclipse Foundation Oniro OS, or Oniro OS, is a vendor-netural open-source distro based on OpenHarmony in partnership with OpenAtom Foundation.[4] Similar to HarmonyOS, the open-source distributed operating system built for Internet of things that is designed with a multi-layered architecture, which consists of four layers from the bottom to the top, i.e., the kernel layer, system service layer, framework layer, and application layer.
Oniro OS supports various devices running on a RTOS-based Zephyr kernel such as printers, speakers, smartwatches, smart thermostats and any other smart device with memory as small as 128 KB, or running on the bigger Linux Yocto kernel with memory greater than 128 MB on Raspberry Pi-class devices.
The system contains the same capabilities of OpenHarmony that contains the basic and some advanced capabilities of HarmonyOS which creates interoperability within the IoT ecosystem.
The purpose of the operating system enable and strengthen the use of HarmonyOS in the global market by vendors. The developer community aims to deliver an independent, but compatible implementation of OpenHarmony specifications, tailored for global market.
Oniro will also support apps that will run smoothly on OpenHarmony operating system, which means, all HarmonyOS applications will be able to run Oniro applications.
History
On December 6, 2022, IoTeX joined the Eclipse Foundation, one of the world's largest open-source software organizations, and will contribute to the Oniro Project working group to develop a distributed open-source operating system for all consumer devices.
Development
The primary IDE known as Eclipse Theia to build Oniro applications, alongside DevEco Studio for developing rich HarmonyOS-based apps.
Applications for HarmonyOS are mostly built using components of ArkUI, a Declarative User Interface framework. ArkUI elements are adaptable to various devices and include new interface rules with automatic updates along with HarmonyOS updates.[5]
Oniro OS based on OpenHarmony, primarily uses App Pack files suffixed with .app, also known as APP files, for distribution of software via AppGallery. Each App Pack has one or more HarmonyOS Ability Packages (HAP) containing code for their abilities, resources, libraries, and a JSON file with configuration information.[6]
While incorporating the OpenHarmony layer for running the APP files developed based on HarmonyOS APIs, the operating system utilizes the Linux Yocto kernel for bigger memory devices, as well as the RTOS-based Zephyr kernel for smaller memory-constrained devices in the Kernel Abstract Layer (KAL) subsystem.
Oniro OS as a universal single IoT platform allows developers to write apps once and run everywhere across devices such as phones, tablets, personal computers, TVs, cars, smartwatches, single board computers, and screen-less IoT devices such as smart speakers.[7]
Software Framework Architecture
IoTeX will also be the first to explore how to integrate Web3 components into the operating system layer of IoT devices as additional services and modules with Blockchain technology.[8]
Software development
Since the Oniro OS open source platform was released in October 2021, nearly 10 European-based organizations have participated in the open source project and contributed code. With downstream integration development, Eclipse Oniro currently bases its enhancements of OpenHarmony on the latest 4.0 release. Newer versions become targeted as they become available and used by the working group members. For Eclipse Oniro, a downstream OpenHarmony distribution, the primary focus is to ensure well-integrated and tested features from and for partners. The downstream fork would hold all changes and would be tested by developers and CI for releases through the GitHub repo. OpenHarmony upstream integrates pull requests on the Gitee master branch.[9]
| Version number | Release date | API level | Main features |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3.0 long-term support version | October 26, 2021 | 7 | New features and functions for lightweight, small and standard systems |
| 3.1 Beta version | December 31, 2021 | 8-9 | Enhance basic capabilities, system distribution capabilities, system application framework capabilities, and lightweight system capabilities, etc. |
| 3.2 Beta version 1[10] | May 31, 2022 | 8-9 | Enhance the basic capabilities of lightweight and standard systems, the framework capabilities of standard system applications, and the application capabilities of standard systems |
| 4.0 beta version 1[11] | June 3, 2023 | 10 | Improve the capabilities of the standard system and further improve the capabilities and effects of ArkUI components |
| 4.0 release version | October 26, 2023 | 10 | A large number of ArkTS APIs have been added, and the scope of distributed hardware support has been expanded |
Supported Hardware architectures
- HiHope SCDAYU200 development board (HiHope HH-SCDAYU200)[12]
- Raspberry Pi 4B
- SECO B68
See also
References
- ↑ Li, Deng. "OpenHarmony 4.0 release version launched with API 10". HC Newsroom. https://www.huaweicentral.com/openharmony-4-0-release-version-launched-with-api-10/.
- ↑ "OpenHarmony 3.0 successfully adapted Loongson 1C300B chip". 15 December 2021. https://www.huaweiupdate.com/openharmony-3-0-successfully-adapted-loongson-1c300b-chip/.
- ↑ "HMOS Architecture". Application Library Engineering Group. 5 April 2021. https://medium.com/application-library-engineering-group/hmos-architecture-37f84252bf70.
- ↑ "Open Source Leader the Eclipse Foundation Launches Vendor-Neutral Operating System for Next-Generation Device Interoperability". Eclipse Foundation Canada. https://finance.yahoo.com/news/open-source-leader-eclipse-foundation-070000296.html.
- ↑ "ArkUI". https://developer.harmonyos.com/en/develop/arkUI.
- ↑ "Document – Application Fundamentals". https://developer.harmonyos.com/en/docs/documentation/doc-guides/basic-fundamentals-0000000000041611.
- ↑ Amadeo, Ron (9 August 2019). "Huawei announces its first operating system, HarmonyOS". https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2019/08/huawei-announces-its-first-operating-system-harmonyos/.
- ↑ "Why IoTeX is thrilled to join one of the world's largest open source software foundations". IoTeX. https://iotex.io/blog/iotex-joins-eclipse-foundation-oniro/.
- ↑ "OpenHarmony Downstream / Upstream relationship". oniroproject.org. https://docs.oniroproject.org/upstream.html.
- ↑ "OpenHarmony 3.2 Beta1版本正式发布-开源基础软件社区-51CTO.COM". https://ost.51cto.com/posts/13516.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named:0 - ↑ "HiHope HH-SCDAYU200 Development Kit". oniroproject.org. https://docs.oniroproject.org/hh-scdayu200.html.
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