Software:wall (Unix)

From HandWiki

wall
Developer(s)AT&T Bell Laboratories
Initial releaseMay 1975; 49 years ago (1975-05)
Operating systemUnix and Unix-like
TypeCommand

wall (an abbreviation of write to all) is a Unix command-line utility that displays the contents of a computer file or standard input to all logged-in users. It is typically used by root to send out shutting down message to all users just before poweroff.

Invocation

wall reads the message from standard input by default when the filename is omitted. This is done by piping the output of the echo command:

alice@sleipnir:~$ # `tty` to show the current terminal name
alice@sleipnir:~$ tty
/dev/pts/7
alice@sleipnir:~$ echo Remember to brush your teeth! | wall

The message may also be typed in much the same way cat is used; invoking wall by typing wall and pressing followed by a message, pressing and +:

alice@sleipnir:~$ wall
Remember to brush your teeth!
^D

Using a here-string:

alice@sleipnir:~$ wall <<< 'Remember to brush your teeth!'

Reading from a file is also supported:

alice@sleipnir:~$ cat .important_announcement
Remember to brush your teeth!
alice@sleipnir:~$ wall .important_announcement # same as `wall !$`

All the commands above should display the following output on terminals that users allow write access to (see mesg(1)):

Broadcast Message from alice@sleipnir
  (/dev/pts/7) at 16:15 ...

Remember to brush your teeth!

References