Unsolved:Happy hunting ground
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Short description: American Indian concept of the afterlife
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Look up happy hunting ground in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
The happy hunting ground is a concept of the afterlife associated with the Native Americans in the United States.[1] The phrase most likely originated with the British colonizers' interpretation of the Indian description.[2]
History
The phrase first appears in 1823 in The Pioneers by James Fenimore Cooper:
"Hawk-eye! My fathers call me to the happy hunting-grounds."[3]
Historian Charles L. Cutler suggests that Cooper "either coined or gave currency to" the use of the phrase "happy hunting ground" as a term for the afterlife.[4] The phrase also began to appear soon after in the writing of Washington Irving.[5]
In 1911, Sioux physician Charles Eastman wrote that the phrase "is modern and probably borrowed, or invented by the white man."[6]
References
- ↑ "happy hunting ground". https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/happy%20hunting%20ground.
- ↑ Meek, Barbara A. (January 2006). "And the Injun goes "How!": Representations of American Indian English in white public space". Language in Society 35 (1): 93–128. doi:10.1017/S0047404506060040. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/231884970. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
- ↑ Cooper, James Fenimore (1872). The Pioneers, or, The sources of the Susquehanna: a descriptive tale. New York, NY: D. Appleton & Company. p. 183. https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/008885782.
- ↑ Cutler, Charles L. (February 2000). O Brave New Words!: Native American Loanwords in Current English. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 132. ISBN 978-0-8061-3246-4. https://www.oupress.com/books/9781789/o-brave-new-words.
- ↑ Irving, Washington (1886). Astoria, or, Anecdotes of an enterprise beyond the Rocky Mountains. New York: J.B. Alden. p. 191. https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000279465.
- ↑ Eastman, Charles Alexander (1911). The soul of the Indian; an interpretation. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. p. 156. https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000559708.
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