Video chapter
| Web Player Video Chapter | |
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| Domain | web technology, accessibility |
|---|---|
Video chapters on online video platforms divide the videos into sections, with each section having a specific "chapter title", most notably YouTube.[1][2][3][4][5] Most services offer a manual way to add chapter sections and title them, several platforms also offer automatic tools for this.[6][7][8] The purpose is to aid the navigation of the video as well as to encourage video creators to structure the videos coherently. Both of these goals aid users in general, and in particular can be beneficial to persons with disabilities.
Online learning platforms - such as Coursera - were some of the early adopters of chapters marks in the videos that form part of their curricula as a way to aid navigation, and convey the structure of the lectures and their subject matter.
Accessibility
As with many other forms of structured (meta) data, video chapters can improve web accessibility. In particular, it can help persons with disabilities such as visual and hearing impairments.[9] Also as with many other forms of structured (meta) data, the advantages to persons with disabilities are a function of the quality of the metadata (poor quality can instead be detrimental).
Automatic generation
Several online platforms offer automatic generation of chapters, including the detection of the segments, and the labeling of the segments with chapter titles.[10] Video chapter generation as a machine learning problem statement is also conducted academically.[11][12]
Open-source models
Several open-source models for automatic segmentation of videos.[13] Video segmentation information is typically combined with video Optical character recognition information, detecting the largest text in a slide (typically the title), to be used as the chapter title.
Video editor support
Several (offline) video editors such as Final Cut Pro,[14] Adobe Premiere Pro,[15] Shotcut,[16] and OpenShot have support for chapter marks, that can directly be directly uploaded to online video platforms.
See also
References
- ↑ Perez, Sarah (2020-05-28). "YouTube introduces Video Chapters to make it easier to navigate longer videos". https://techcrunch.com/2020/05/28/youtube-introduces-video-chapters-to-make-it-easier-to-navigate-through-longer-videos/.
- ↑ William Antonelli (May 31, 2022). "How to add chapters to your YouTube videos" (in en-US). https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-add-chapters-to-youtube-video.
- ↑ Schwartz, Barry (2022-05-16). "Vimeo adds structured data to all public videos to improve Google Search visibility" (in en). https://searchengineland.com/vimeo-adds-structured-data-to-all-public-videos-to-improve-google-search-visibility-385198.
- ↑ Lyden, Carolyn (2021-08-18). "YouTube adds video chapter previews, auto-translates captions in new search functions" (in en). https://searchengineland.com/youtube-adds-video-chapter-previews-auto-translates-captions-in-new-search-functions-351311.
- ↑ Lyden, Carolyn (2021-08-18). "YouTube adds video chapter previews, auto-translates captions in new search functions" (in en). https://searchengineland.com/youtube-adds-video-chapter-previews-auto-translates-captions-in-new-search-functions-351311.
- ↑ "Video Chapters - YouTube Help". https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/9884579.
- ↑ "Vimeo Video Chapters" (in en-US). https://vimeo.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/articles/360039248371-Chapters.
- ↑ "Using manual chapters with videos on Stream (on SharePoint)". https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/using-manual-chapters-with-videos-on-stream-on-sharepoint-8bbf61eb-c00b-42b5-a514-cce2e45eb6ea.
- ↑ Compass, Blue. "YouTube Video Chapters: How to Add Timestamps to YouTube Videos". https://www.bluecompass.com/blog/youtube-video-chapters-how-to-add-timestamps-to-youtube-videos.
- ↑ "YouTube Chapters | The Ultimate Guide How to Use YouTube Chapters" (in en). https://www.tubics.com/blog/youtube-chapters/.
- ↑ Yamauchi, M.; Kimura, M.; Ohmiya, J.; Nishikawa, J.; Okabayashi, I. (2006-05-01). "Chapter generation for digital video recorder based on perceptual clustering". IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 52 (2): 460–466. doi:10.1109/TCE.2006.1649665. ISSN 1558-4127. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1649665.
- ↑ Le, Canyu; Tang, Zhiyuan; Li, Ke; Yang, Jiandong (2021-10-05) (in en). A Two-Stage Framework to Generate Video Chapter. https://openreview.net/forum?id=OjFh4rBdrAP.
- ↑ asindel (2023-02-11), SliTraNet, https://github.com/asindel/SliTraNet, retrieved 2023-02-22
- ↑ "Add chapter markers in Final Cut Pro" (in en). https://support.apple.com/guide/final-cut-pro/add-chapter-markers-verc9cacc031/mac.
- ↑ "Using markers in the Premiere Pro Timeline" (in en). https://helpx.adobe.com/premiere-pro/using/markers.html.
- ↑ "Shotcut - New Version 21.10.31: Markers". https://shotcut.org/blog/new-release-211031/.
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