Earth:Takli Formation: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|Geologic formation in India}}
{{Infobox rockunit
{{Infobox rockunit
| name          = Takli Formation
| name          = Takli Formation
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| namedby        =
| namedby        =
| region        = Maharashtra, Gujarat
| region        = Maharashtra, Gujarat
| country        = {{IND}}
| country        = [[Place:India|India]]
| coordinates    = {{coord|21.2|N|79.1|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates    = {{coord|21.2|N|79.1|E|display=inline,title}}
| paleocoordinates = {{coord|26.2|S|61.5|E|display=inline}}
| paleocoordinates = {{coord|26.2|S|61.5|E|display=inline}}
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}}
}}


The '''Takli Formation''' is a [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]] geologic formation in {{wipe|India}}.<ref>[http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=collectionSearch&collection_no=119660 Tákli Plain, northwest of Nagpur] at [[Biology:Fossilworks|Fossilworks]].org</ref> [[Biology:Dinosaur|Dinosaur]] remains diagnostic to the [[Biology:Genus|genus]] level are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.<ref name="dinosaurdistribution">Weishampel, et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution." Pp. 517-607.</ref>
The '''Takli Formation''' is a [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]] geologic formation in [[Place:India|India]].<ref>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=119660 Tákli Plain, northwest of Nagpur] at [[Biology:Fossilworks|Fossilworks]].org</ref> [[Biology:Dinosaur|Dinosaur]] remains diagnostic to the [[Biology:Genus|genus]] level are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.<ref name="dinosaurdistribution">Weishampel, et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution." Pp. 517-607.</ref>
 
== Paleobiota ==
{{Paleobiota-key-compact}}
=== Dinosaurs ===
; Sauropods
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" | '''Sauropods from the Takli Formation'''
|-
! Genus !! Species !! Material !! Location !! Time Period !! Notes !! Images
|-
|style="background:#E3F5FF;"| ''[[Biology:Fusioolithus|Fusioolithus]]''
|style="background:#E3F5FF;"| ''F. baghensis''
|style="background:#E3F5FF;"| eggshell fragments
|style="background:#E3F5FF;"| Maharashtra
|style="background:#E3F5FF;"| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
|style="background:#E3F5FF;"| [[Biology:Sauropoda|Sauropod]] Eggs.
|style="background:#E3F5FF;"|
|-
| [[Biology:Sauropoda|Sauropoda]]<ref>A. Sahni and S. Bajpai. 1988. Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary events: the fossil vertebrate, palaeomagnetic and radiometric evidence from Peninsualr India. ''Journal of the Geological Society of India'' '''32(5)''':382-395 </ref><ref name=":2" />
| Indeterminate
| tooth
| Gujarat
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Sauropoda|Sauropod]].
|
|-
| Titanosauridae
| Indeterminate
| teeth
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A Titanosaur.
|
|-
|}
; Theropods
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" | '''Theropods from the Takli Formation'''
|-
! Genus !! Species !! Material !! Location !! Time Period !! Notes !! Images
|-
| ?[[Biology:Coelurosauria|Coelurosauria]]<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Vianey-Liaud |first1=Monique |last2=Jain |first2=Sohan L. |last3=Sahni |first3=Ashok |date=1988-01-22 |title=Dinosaur eggshells (Saurischia) from the Late Cretaceous Intertrappean and Lameta formations (Deccan, India) |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02724634.1988.10011673 |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |language=en |volume=7 |issue=4 |pages=408–424 |doi=10.1080/02724634.1988.10011673 |bibcode=1988JVPal...7..408V |issn=0272-4634|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
| Indeterminate
| teeth
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| Coelurosauria was a common [[Biology:Wastebasket taxon|wastebasket taxon]].
|
|-
| ?[[Biology:Megalosauridae|Megalosauridae]]
| Indeterminate
| teeth
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| Megalosauridae was a common [[Biology:Wastebasket taxon|wastebasket taxon]].
|
|-
|style="background:#f3e9f3;" | ''M. rawesi''
|style="background:#f3e9f3;" | Tooth
|style="background:#f3e9f3;" | Maharashtra
|style="background:#f3e9f3;" | [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
|style="background:#f3e9f3;" | Previously thought to be a ''[[Biology:Massospondylus|Massospondylus]]'' now thought to have been an indeterminate [[Biology:Theropoda|Theropod]].<ref>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230808666_The_history_of_dinosaur_collecting_in_Central_India_1828-1947</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Molina-Pérez |first1=Rubén |url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/on1051136420 |title=Dinosaur facts and figures: the theropods and other dinosauriformes |last2=Larramendi |first2=Asier |last3=Atuchin |first3=Andrey |last4=Mazzei |first4=Sante |last5=Connolly |first5=David |last6=Ramírez Cruz |first6=Gonzalo Ángel |date=2019 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-18031-1 |location=Princeton |oclc=on1051136420}}</ref>
|style="background:#f3e9f3;" |
|-
|[[Biology:Theropoda|Theropoda]]<ref>A. Sahni and S. Bajpai. 1988. Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary events: the fossil vertebrate, palaeomagnetic and radiometric evidence from Peninsualr India. ''Journal of the Geological Society of India'' '''32(5)''':382-395 </ref>
|Indeterminate
|Teeth.
|Gujarat
|[[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
|An indeterminate [[Biology:Theropoda|theropod]].
|}
 
;
 
=== Other Archosaurs ===
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" | Other '''[[Biology:Archosaur|Archosaur]]s from the Takli Formation'''
|-
! Genus !! Species !! Material !! Location !! Time Period !! Notes !! Images
|-
| Archosauria<ref name=":2" />
| Indeterminate
| teeth
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| Either a [[Biology:Saurischia|saurischia]]n or a crocodilla<nowiki/>n.
|
|-
| [[Biology:Crocodyliformes|Crocodyliformes]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Rio |first1=Jonathan P. |last2=Mannion |first2=Philip D. |date=2021-09-06 |title=Phylogenetic analysis of a new morphological dataset elucidates the evolutionary history of Crocodylia and resolves the long-standing gharial problem |journal=PeerJ |language=en |volume=9 |pages=e12094 |doi=10.7717/peerj.12094 |doi-access=free |pmid=34567843 |pmc=8428266 |issn=2167-8359}}</ref>
| Indeterminate
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Crocodyliformes|Crocodyliform]].
|
|-
|}
 
=== Lepidosaurs ===
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" | '''Lepidosaurs from the Takli Formation'''
|-
! Genus !! Species !! Material !! Location !! Time Period !! Notes !! Images
|-
| [[Biology:Gekkonidae|Gekkonidae]]<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last1=Kapur |first1=Vivesh V. |last2=Khosla |first2=Ashu |date=2018-12-03 |title=Faunal elements from the Deccan volcano-sedimentary sequences of India: A reappraisal of biostratigraphic, palaeoecologic, and palaeobiogeographic aspects |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gj.3379 |journal=Geological Journal |volume=54 |issue=5 |pages=2797–2828 |doi=10.1002/gj.3379 |issn=0072-1050|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
| Indeterminate
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Gecko|Gecko]].
|
|-
| Indeterminate
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Snake|Snake]].
|
|-
| [[Biology:Scincomorpha|Scincomorpha]]<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" />
| Indeterminate
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Scincomorpha|Scincomorph]].
|
|-
| ?''Contogenys''<ref name=":3" />
| sp.
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Globauridae|Globaurid]].
|
|-
| [[Biology:Anguidae|Anguidae]]<ref name=":6" />
| Indeterminate
|
| Maharashtra
|[[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Anguidae|Anguid]].
|
|-
| ''Litakis''<ref name=":3" />
| sp.
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Platynota|Platynota]].
|
|-
| ''Exostinus''
| ''E. estesi''<ref name=":3" />
''E. estesai''
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Xenosauridae|Xenosaurid]].
|
|-
|''[[Biology:Pristiguana|Pristiguana]]''
|''P. sp.''
|
|Maharashtra
|[[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
|An [[Biology:Iguanidae|Iguanid]].
|-
|[[Biology:Iguanidae|Iguanidae]]<ref name=":3" />
|Indeterminate
|
|Maharashtra
|[[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
|An [[Biology:Iguanidae|iguanid]].
|}
 
=== Amphibians ===
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" | '''[[Biology:Amphibian|Amphibian]]s from the Takli Formation'''
|-
! Genus !! Species !! Material !! Location !! Time Period !! Notes !! Images
|-
| [[Biology:Frog|Anura]]<ref name=":0">S. Hislop. 1861. Remarks on the geology of Nágpur. ''Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society'' '''6''':194-204</ref>
| Indeterminate
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Frog|Frog]].
|
|-
| [[Biology:Pelobatidae|Pelobatidae]]<ref name=":5" />
| Indeterminate
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Pelobatidae|Spadefoot Toad]].
|
|-
|}
 
=== Fish ===
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" | '''[[Biology:Fish|Fish]]es from the Takli Formation'''
|-
! Genus !! Species !! Material !! Location !! Time Period !! Notes !! Images
|-
| ''[[Biology:Pycnodus|Pycnodus]]''
| ''P. lametae''
''P. bicresta''<ref name=":7">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282319217_Vertebrate_fauna_from_the_infra-_and_inter-trappean_beds_of_Andhra_Pradesh_age_implications</ref>
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Pycnodontidae|Pycnodontid]] Fish.
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Belonostomus|Belonostomus]]''<ref name=":4" />
| sp.
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| An Aspidorhynchid Fish.
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Sphyraena|Sphyraena]]''<ref name=":6" />
| sp.
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Barracuda|Barracuda]].
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Enchodus|Enchodus]]''
| ''E. ferox''<ref name=":6" />
sp.<ref name=":4" />
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| An [[Biology:Enchodontidae|Enchodontid]] Fish.
|
|-
| [[Biology:Clupeidae|Clupeidae]]<ref name=":6" />
| Indeterminate
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Clupeidae|Clupeid]] Fish.
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Apateodus|Apateodus]]''<ref name=":7" />
| ''A. striatus''
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| An [[Biology:Ichthyotringidae|Ichthyotringid]] Fish.
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Stephanodus|Stephanodus]]''<ref name=":7" />
| ''S. lybicus''
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| An Eotrigonodontid Fish.
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Ostracion|Ostracion]]''<ref name=":6" />
| sp.
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| An [[Biology:Ostraciidae|Ostraciid]] Fish.
|
|-
| ''Palaeolabrus''<ref name=":7" />
| ''P. dormaalensis''
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A Palaeolabrid Fish.
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Lepisosteus|Lepisosteus]]''<ref name=":6" />
| ''L. indicus''
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Gar|Gar]].
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Lepidotes|Lepidotes]]''<ref name=":4" />
| sp.
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A possible late surviving [[Biology:Lepidotidae|lepidotid]].
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Dasyatis|Dasyatis]]''<ref name=":4" />
| sp.
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Whiptail stingray|Whiptail stingray]].
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Igdabatis|Igdabatis]]''
| ''I. sigmodon''
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| An [[Biology:Eagle ray|Eagle ray]].
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Osteoglossum|Osteoglossum]]''
| ''O. deccanensis''
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Osteoglossidae|osteoglossid]] Fish.
|
|-
| [[Biology:Osteichthyes|Osteichthyes]]<ref name=":0" />
| Indeterminate
| Ganoid and Cycloid scales
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| An [[Biology:Osteichthyes|Bony fish]].
|
|}
 
=== Mammals ===
 
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" | '''[[Biology:Mammal|Mammal]]s from the Takli Formation'''
|-
! Genus !! Species !! Material !! Location !! Time Period !! Notes !! Images
|-
| [[Biology:Symmetrodonta|Symmetrodonta]]<ref name=":6">http://palaeontologicalsociety.in/vol35/v11.pdf</ref>
| Indeterminate
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| An [[Biology:Allotheria|Allotherian]] Mammal.
|
|-
|}
 
=== Molluscas ===
 
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" | '''[[Biology:Mollusca|Mollusca]]s from the Takli Formation'''
|-
! Genus !! Species !! Material !! Location !! Time Period !! Notes !! Images
|-
| [[Biology:Bivalvia|Bivalvia]]
| Indeterminate
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Clam|Clam]].
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Lymnaea|Limnaea]]''
| sp.
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Snail|Snail]].
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Valvata|Valvata]]''
| sp.
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Snail|Snail]].
|
|-
| ''Paludina''
| sp.
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Snail|Snail]].
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Physa|Physa]]''
| ''P. prinsepii''
|
| Maharashtra
|[[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Snail|Snail]].
|
|-
|}
 
=== Crustaceans ===
 
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" | '''[[Biology:Crustacean|Crustacean]]s from the Takli Formation'''
|-
! Genus !! Species !! Material !! Location !! Time Period !! Notes !! Images
|-
| [[Biology:Ostracoda|Ostracoda]]<ref>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258963754_New_Evidence_for_Paleobiogeographic_Intercontinental_Gondwana_Relationships_Based_on_Late_Cretaceous-Earliest_Paleocene_Coastal_Faunas_from_Peninsular_India</ref>
| Indeterminate
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| An [[Biology:Ostracod|Ostracod]].
|
|-
|}
 
=== Turtles ===
 
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" | '''[[Biology:Turtle|Turtle]]s from the Takli Formation'''
|-
! Genus !! Species !! Material !! Location !! Time Period !! Notes !! Images
|-
| [[Biology:Pelomedusidae|Pelomedusidae]]<ref name=":6" />
| Indeterminate
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Pelomedusidae|Pelomedusid]] Turtle.
|
|-
| [[Biology:Testudinata|Testudinata]]
| Indeterminate
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A [[Biology:Turtle|Turtle]].
|
|-
|}
 
=== Insects ===
 
{| class="wikitable" align="center"
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" | '''[[Biology:Insect|Insect]]s from the Takli Formation'''
|-
! Genus !! Species !! Material !! Location !! Time Period !! Notes !! Images
|-
| ?[[Biology:Buprestidae|Buprestidae]]<ref name=":1">A. Murray. 1860. Notes on some fossil insects from Nagpur. ''Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society'' '''16''':182-186</ref>
| Indeterminate
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A Jewel beetle.
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Lomatus|Lomatus]]''<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://cerambycids.com/Buprestidae/WorldCat/Classif/fossils.htm |title=Fossil Buprestidae |author=Bellamy, C. L. |date=2013 |work=A Checklist of World Buprestoidea |accessdate=7 Sep 2021}}</ref>
| ''L. hislopi''
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A Jewel beetle.
|
|-
| ?[[Biology:Curculionidae|Curculionidae]]
| Indeterminate
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A Snout beetle.
|
|-
| ''Meristos''<ref name=":1" />
| ''M. hunteri''
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A Snout beetle.
|
|-
| ''Palaeotanymecides''<ref name=":1" />
| ''P. hislopi''
|
| Maharashtra
| [[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]]
| A Snout beetle.
|
|-
|}


== Paleofauna ==
=== Flora ===
* [[Biology:Coelurosauria|Coelurosauria]] indet.
* ''Megalosaurus''?
* [[Biology:Theropoda|Theropoda]] indet.
* [[Biology:Sauropoda|Sauropoda]] indet.
* Dinosauria indet.
* ''[[Biology:Fusioolithus|Fusioolithus]]''
* ''[[Biology:Dasyatis|Dasyatis]]''
* ''[[Biology:Igdabatis|Igdabatis]]''
* ''[[Biology:Sphyraena|Sphyraena]]''
* ''[[Biology:Lepisosteus|Lepisosteus]]''
* ''[[Biology:Lepidotes|Lepidotes]]''


== See also ==
== See also ==
Line 60: Line 542:


=== Bibliography ===
=== Bibliography ===
* {{cite LSA |last=Weishampel |first=David B. |last2=Dodson |first2=Peter |last3=Osmólska (eds.) |first3=Halszka |year=2004 |title=The Dinosauria, 2nd edition |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vtZFDb_iw40C |publisher=Berkeley: University of California Press |pages=1–880 |accessdate=2019-02-21}} {{ISBN|0-520-24209-2}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Weishampel |editor-first=David B. |editor-last2=Dodson |editor-first2=Peter |editor-last3=Osmólska |editor-first3=Halszka |year=2004 |title=The Dinosauria|edition=2nd |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vtZFDb_iw40C |location=Berkeley|publisher= University of California Press |pages=1–880 |accessdate=2019-02-21|isbn=0-520-24209-2}}


[[Category:Maastrichtian Stage]]
[[Category:Maastrichtian Stage]]

Latest revision as of 21:02, 23 July 2025

Takli Formation
Stratigraphic range: Maastrichtian
TypeGeological formation
Lithology
PrimaryClaystone, siltstone, marl
Location
Coordinates [ ⚑ ] : 21°12′N 79°06′E / 21.2°N 79.1°E / 21.2; 79.1
Paleocoordinates [ ⚑ ] 26°12′S 61°30′E / 26.2°S 61.5°E / -26.2; 61.5
RegionMaharashtra, Gujarat
CountryIndia
Type section
Named forTákli Plain
Takli Formation is located in India
Takli Formation
Takli Formation (India)

The Takli Formation is a Maastrichtian geologic formation in India.[1] Dinosaur remains diagnostic to the genus level are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.[2]

Paleobiota

Template:Paleobiota-key-compact

Dinosaurs

Sauropods
Sauropods from the Takli Formation
Genus Species Material Location Time Period Notes Images
Fusioolithus F. baghensis eggshell fragments Maharashtra Maastrichtian Sauropod Eggs.
Sauropoda[3][4] Indeterminate tooth Gujarat Maastrichtian A Sauropod.
Titanosauridae Indeterminate teeth Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Titanosaur.
Theropods
Theropods from the Takli Formation
Genus Species Material Location Time Period Notes Images
?Coelurosauria[4] Indeterminate teeth Maharashtra Maastrichtian Coelurosauria was a common wastebasket taxon.
?Megalosauridae Indeterminate teeth Maharashtra Maastrichtian Megalosauridae was a common wastebasket taxon.
M. rawesi Tooth Maharashtra Maastrichtian Previously thought to be a Massospondylus now thought to have been an indeterminate Theropod.[5][6]
Theropoda[7] Indeterminate Teeth. Gujarat Maastrichtian An indeterminate theropod.

Other Archosaurs

Other Archosaurs from the Takli Formation
Genus Species Material Location Time Period Notes Images
Archosauria[4] Indeterminate teeth Maharashtra Maastrichtian Either a saurischian or a crocodillan.
Crocodyliformes[8] Indeterminate Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Crocodyliform.

Lepidosaurs

Lepidosaurs from the Takli Formation
Genus Species Material Location Time Period Notes Images
Gekkonidae[9] Indeterminate Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Gecko.
Indeterminate Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Snake.
Scincomorpha[10][11] Indeterminate Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Scincomorph.
?Contogenys[9] sp. Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Globaurid.
Anguidae[12] Indeterminate Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Anguid.
Litakis[9] sp. Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Platynota.
Exostinus E. estesi[9]

E. estesai

Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Xenosaurid.
Pristiguana P. sp. Maharashtra Maastrichtian An Iguanid.
Iguanidae[9] Indeterminate Maharashtra Maastrichtian An iguanid.

Amphibians

Amphibians from the Takli Formation
Genus Species Material Location Time Period Notes Images
Anura[13] Indeterminate Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Frog.
Pelobatidae[11] Indeterminate Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Spadefoot Toad.

Fish

Fishes from the Takli Formation
Genus Species Material Location Time Period Notes Images
Pycnodus P. lametae

P. bicresta[14]

Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Pycnodontid Fish.
Belonostomus[10] sp. Maharashtra Maastrichtian An Aspidorhynchid Fish.
Sphyraena[12] sp. Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Barracuda.
Enchodus E. ferox[12]

sp.[10]

Maharashtra Maastrichtian An Enchodontid Fish.
Clupeidae[12] Indeterminate Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Clupeid Fish.
Apateodus[14] A. striatus Maharashtra Maastrichtian An Ichthyotringid Fish.
Stephanodus[14] S. lybicus Maharashtra Maastrichtian An Eotrigonodontid Fish.
Ostracion[12] sp. Maharashtra Maastrichtian An Ostraciid Fish.
Palaeolabrus[14] P. dormaalensis Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Palaeolabrid Fish.
Lepisosteus[12] L. indicus Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Gar.
Lepidotes[10] sp. Maharashtra Maastrichtian A possible late surviving lepidotid.
Dasyatis[10] sp. Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Whiptail stingray.
Igdabatis I. sigmodon Maharashtra Maastrichtian An Eagle ray.
Osteoglossum O. deccanensis Maharashtra Maastrichtian A osteoglossid Fish.
Osteichthyes[13] Indeterminate Ganoid and Cycloid scales Maharashtra Maastrichtian An Bony fish.

Mammals

Mammals from the Takli Formation
Genus Species Material Location Time Period Notes Images
Symmetrodonta[12] Indeterminate Maharashtra Maastrichtian An Allotherian Mammal.

Molluscas

Molluscas from the Takli Formation
Genus Species Material Location Time Period Notes Images
Bivalvia Indeterminate Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Clam.
Limnaea sp. Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Snail.
Valvata sp. Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Snail.
Paludina sp. Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Snail.
Physa P. prinsepii Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Snail.

Crustaceans

Crustaceans from the Takli Formation
Genus Species Material Location Time Period Notes Images
Ostracoda[15] Indeterminate Maharashtra Maastrichtian An Ostracod.

Turtles

Turtles from the Takli Formation
Genus Species Material Location Time Period Notes Images
Pelomedusidae[12] Indeterminate Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Pelomedusid Turtle.
Testudinata Indeterminate Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Turtle.

Insects

Insects from the Takli Formation
Genus Species Material Location Time Period Notes Images
?Buprestidae[16] Indeterminate Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Jewel beetle.
Lomatus[16][17] L. hislopi Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Jewel beetle.
?Curculionidae Indeterminate Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Snout beetle.
Meristos[16] M. hunteri Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Snout beetle.
Palaeotanymecides[16] P. hislopi Maharashtra Maastrichtian A Snout beetle.

Flora

See also

  • List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations
    • List of stratigraphic units with few dinosaur genera

References

  1. ↑ Tákli Plain, northwest of Nagpur at Fossilworks.org
  2. ↑ Weishampel, et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution." Pp. 517-607.
  3. ↑ A. Sahni and S. Bajpai. 1988. Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary events: the fossil vertebrate, palaeomagnetic and radiometric evidence from Peninsualr India. Journal of the Geological Society of India 32(5):382-395
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Vianey-Liaud, Monique; Jain, Sohan L.; Sahni, Ashok (1988-01-22). "Dinosaur eggshells (Saurischia) from the Late Cretaceous Intertrappean and Lameta formations (Deccan, India)" (in en). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 7 (4): 408–424. doi:10.1080/02724634.1988.10011673. ISSN 0272-4634. Bibcode: 1988JVPal...7..408V. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02724634.1988.10011673. 
  5. ↑ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230808666_The_history_of_dinosaur_collecting_in_Central_India_1828-1947
  6. ↑ Molina-Pérez, Rubén; Larramendi, Asier; Atuchin, Andrey; Mazzei, Sante; Connolly, David; Ramírez Cruz, Gonzalo Ángel (2019). Dinosaur facts and figures: the theropods and other dinosauriformes. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-18031-1. OCLC on1051136420. https://www.worldcat.org/title/on1051136420. 
  7. ↑ A. Sahni and S. Bajpai. 1988. Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary events: the fossil vertebrate, palaeomagnetic and radiometric evidence from Peninsualr India. Journal of the Geological Society of India 32(5):382-395
  8. ↑ Rio, Jonathan P.; Mannion, Philip D. (2021-09-06). "Phylogenetic analysis of a new morphological dataset elucidates the evolutionary history of Crocodylia and resolves the long-standing gharial problem" (in en). PeerJ 9: e12094. doi:10.7717/peerj.12094. ISSN 2167-8359. PMID 34567843. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 Kapur, Vivesh V.; Khosla, Ashu (2018-12-03). "Faunal elements from the Deccan volcano-sedimentary sequences of India: A reappraisal of biostratigraphic, palaeoecologic, and palaeobiogeographic aspects". Geological Journal 54 (5): 2797–2828. doi:10.1002/gj.3379. ISSN 0072-1050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gj.3379. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :4
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :5
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 http://palaeontologicalsociety.in/vol35/v11.pdf
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 S. Hislop. 1861. Remarks on the geology of Nágpur. Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 6:194-204
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282319217_Vertebrate_fauna_from_the_infra-_and_inter-trappean_beds_of_Andhra_Pradesh_age_implications
  15. ↑ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258963754_New_Evidence_for_Paleobiogeographic_Intercontinental_Gondwana_Relationships_Based_on_Late_Cretaceous-Earliest_Paleocene_Coastal_Faunas_from_Peninsular_India
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 A. Murray. 1860. Notes on some fossil insects from Nagpur. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society 16:182-186
  17. ↑ Bellamy, C. L. (2013). "Fossil Buprestidae". A Checklist of World Buprestoidea. https://cerambycids.com/Buprestidae/WorldCat/Classif/fossils.htm. Retrieved 7 Sep 2021. 

Bibliography



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