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{{Short description|On-screen graphic in sports broadcasting}}
{{Short description|On-screen graphic in sports broadcasting}}
A '''score bug''' is a [[Engineering:Digital on-screen graphic|digital on-screen graphic]] which is displayed at either the top or [[Engineering:Lower third|lower third]] bottom of the television screen during a broadcast of a sporting event in order to display the current score and other statistics.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.easytechjunkie.com/what-is-a-score-bug.htm |title=What Is a Score Bug? (with picture) |access-date=June 26, 2021 |last=Newth |first=Alex |date= |work=Easy Tech Junkie |publisher=Conjecture Corporation |location= |language= |quote= }}</ref>
{{Redirect|Fox Box|the children's television programming block|4Kids TV}}
A '''score bug''' is a [[Engineering:Digital on-screen graphic|digital on-screen graphic]] which is displayed in a [[Engineering:Broadcasting of sports events|broadcast of a sporting event]], displaying the current score and other statistics.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.easytechjunkie.com/what-is-a-score-bug.htm |title=What Is a Score Bug? (with picture) |access-date=June 26, 2021 |last=Newth |first=Alex |date= |work=Easy Tech Junkie |publisher=Conjecture Corporation |location= |language= |quote= }}</ref> It is similar in function to a [[Engineering:Scoreboard|scoreboard]], and is usually placed at either the top or [[Engineering:Lower third|lower third]] of the television screen.


== History ==
== History ==
[[Image:DOG Football.jpg|thumb|A typical score bug on a televised sporting event will consist of the station logo alongside the current score of game, and other information, such as time elapsed.]]
[[Image:DOG Football.jpg|thumb|A typical score bug on a televised sporting event will consist of the station logo alongside the current score of game, and other information, such as time elapsed.]]
The concept of a persistent score bug for association football matches was devised by [[Engineering:Sky Sports|Sky Sports]] head David Hill, who was dissatisfied over having to wait to see what the score was after tuning into a match in-progress. The score bug was introduced during Sky's coverage of the newly-formed English Premier League in August 1992. Hill's boss repeatedly demanded that the graphic be removed, describing it as the "stupidest thing [he] had ever seen". Hill defied the boss's demands and kept the graphic in place.<ref name=":0" /> ITV introduced a score bug at the start of the 1993-94 football season, and the BBC introduced a score bug towards the end of 1993.
The concept of a persistent score bug was devised by [[Engineering:Sky Sports|Sky Sports]] head David Hill, who was dissatisfied over having to wait to see what the score was after tuning into a football match in-progress. The score bug was introduced when Sky launched its coverage of the then newly-formed English Premier League in August 1992. Hill's boss repeatedly demanded that the graphic be removed, describing it as the "stupidest thing [he] had ever seen". Hill defied the boss's demands and kept the graphic in place.<ref name=":0" /> ITV introduced a score bug at the start of the 1993–94 football season, and the BBC introduced a score bug towards the end of 1993.


The concept was introduced to the United States by ABC Sports and ESPN during coverage of the 1994 FIFA World Cup. Their justification for the graphic was to provide a location for cycling [[Engineering:Sponsor (commercial)|sponsor]] logos, in order to allow matches to air without commercial interruption.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/13/sports/the-tv-score-box-that-grew-and-grew.html|title=The Innovation That Grew and Grew|last=Sandomir|first=Richard|date=2014-06-12|work=The New York Times|access-date=2020-01-07|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
The concept was introduced to the United States by ABC Sports and ESPN during coverage of the 1994 FIFA World Cup. Their justification for the graphic was to provide a location for a rotating series of [[Engineering:Sponsor (commercial)|sponsor]] logos, in order to allow matches to air without commercial interruption.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/13/sports/the-tv-score-box-that-grew-and-grew.html|title=The Innovation That Grew and Grew|last=Sandomir|first=Richard|date=2014-06-12|work=The New York Times|access-date=2020-01-07|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>


With the acquisition of rights to the National Football League by BSkyB's American sibling Fox (a fellow venture of Rupert Murdoch), Hill became the first president of Fox Sports. Fox's version of the score bug was branded as the "Fox Box", and was part of its inaugural season of NFL coverage in 1994.<ref name=":0" /> ''Variety'' criticized it as an "annoying see-through clock and score graphic" and expressed concern for people "who actually watched the beginning of the game and would rather have their screen clear of graphics".<ref>{{cite news|last=Cox|first=Dan|title=NFL on Fox Review|url=https://variety.com/1994/tv/reviews/nfl-on-fox-2-1200438717/|magazine=Variety|date=September 6, 1994|access-date=January 9, 2021}}</ref>
With the acquisition of rights to the National Football League (NFL) by BSkyB's American sibling Fox (a fellow venture of Rupert Murdoch), Hill became the first president of Fox Sports. Under Hill's leadership, Fox introduced a version of the score bug branded as the "Fox Box", which was part of its inaugural season of NFL coverage in 1994.<ref name=":0" /> ''Variety'' criticized it as an "annoying see-through clock and score graphic" and expressed concern for people "who actually watched the beginning of the game and would rather have their screen clear of graphics".<ref>{{cite news|last=Cox|first=Dan|title=NFL on Fox Review|url=https://variety.com/1994/tv/reviews/nfl-on-fox-2-1200438717/|magazine=Variety|date=September 6, 1994|access-date=January 9, 2021}}</ref> Hill even received a death threat from an irate viewer, with a specific emphasis on him being a "foreigner",<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theringer.com/nfl/2018/12/13/18137938/nfl-fox-deal-rupert-murdoch-1993-john-madden-terry-bradshaw-howie-long-jimmy-johnson-cbs-nbc|title=The Great NFL Heist: How Fox Paid for and Changed Football Forever|last=Curtis|first=Bryan|date=2018-12-13|website=The Ringer|language=en|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref> but the score bug soon became a ubiquitous feature for American football broadcasts, along with almost all American sports broadcasts in the years that followed.<ref>{{cite news |last=Lucia|first=Joe|date=April 6, 2021|title=Which RSN has the best MLB scorebug?|url=https://awfulannouncing.com/mlb/which-rsn-has-the-best-mlb-scorebug.html|work=Awful Announcing|location= |access-date=}}</ref><ref name=":0" />


Hill once received a death threat from an irate viewer, with a specific emphasis on him being a "foreigner",<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theringer.com/nfl/2018/12/13/18137938/nfl-fox-deal-rupert-murdoch-1993-john-madden-terry-bradshaw-howie-long-jimmy-johnson-cbs-nbc|title=The Great NFL Heist: How Fox Paid for and Changed Football Forever|last=Curtis|first=Bryan|date=2018-12-13|website=The Ringer|language=en|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref> but the score bug soon became a ubiquitous feature of all sports broadcasts in the USA in the years that followed.<ref>{{cite news |last=Lucia|first=Joe|date=April 6, 2021|title=Which RSN has the best MLB scorebug?|url=https://awfulannouncing.com/mlb/which-rsn-has-the-best-mlb-scorebug.html|work=Awful Announcing|location= |access-date=}}</ref><ref name=":0" />
Dick Ebersol of NBC Sports initially opposed the idea of a score bug, as he thought that fans would dislike seeing more graphics on the screen and would change the channel from blowout games if the score was constantly being displayed.<ref name="curtis20181213">{{cite web|last=Curtis|first=Bryan|title=The Great NFL Heist: How Fox Paid for and Changed Football Forever|url=https://www.theringer.com/nfl/2018/12/13/18137938/nfl-fox-deal-rupert-murdoch-1993-john-madden-terry-bradshaw-howie-long-jimmy-johnson-cbs-nbc |website=TheRinger.com|date=December 13, 2018|access-date=January 9, 2021}}</ref>


Dick Ebersol of NBC Sports opposed the idea of a score bug, because he thought that fans would dislike seeing more graphics on the screen, and would change the channel from blowout games.<ref name="curtis20181213">{{cite web|last=Curtis|first=Bryan|title=The Great NFL Heist: How Fox Paid for and Changed Football Forever|url=https://www.theringer.com/nfl/2018/12/13/18137938/nfl-fox-deal-rupert-murdoch-1993-john-madden-terry-bradshaw-howie-long-jimmy-johnson-cbs-nbc |website=TheRinger.com|date=December 13, 2018|access-date=January 9, 2021}}</ref>
Since the 2010s, the on-air design and positioning of some score bugs have been influenced by the needs of [[Engineering:Internet video|Internet video]] (especially when viewing an event on devices with smaller screens), including bugs noticeably larger than prior iterations designed with television viewing in mind, or designs primarily kept towards the bottom-center of the screen (easing the ability for the bug to remain visible when highlights are cropped for [[Aspect ratio (image)#1:1|square videos]] posted on social media).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fox redesigns its NFL graphics for the point-your-phone-at-the-TV era |url=https://www.avclub.com/fox-redesigns-its-nfl-graphics-for-the-point-your-phone-1841522459 |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=AV Club |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bupp |first=Phillip |date=2022-02-13 |title=NBC debuts a more centered scorebug for the Super Bowl |url=https://awfulannouncing.com/nbc/nbc-debuts-a-more-centered-scorebug-for-the-super-bowl.html |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=Awful Announcing |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Koo |first=Ben |date=2016-10-05 |title=ESPN and TBS debut new massive, oversized score bugs because of millennials? Maybe old people? |url=https://awfulannouncing.com/2016/espn-tbs-debut-new-massive-oversized-score-bugs.html |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=Awful Announcing |language=en-US}}</ref>
 
== Details ==
Score bugs used in team sports typically include the names of both teams, an abbreviation of the team's name, and/or the team's logo; for individual sports, they include the names of individual competitors. In sports where a game clock or [[Physics:Playing period|playing periods]] are used, those are generally also displayed as part of the score bug. Some broadcasts also include teams' win-loss records.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Kadlick |first=Mike |date=2025-09-09 |title=Ranking the Current NFL Scorebugs for the 2025 Season |url=https://www.si.com/nfl/ranking-the-current-nfl-scorebugs-for-the-2025-season |access-date=2025-12-15 |website=Sports Illustrated |language=en-US}}</ref> In 2024, ESPN experimented with adding a persistent win probability meter to its bug in Major League Baseball, which was based on input from its statisticians.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dachman |first=Jason |date=2024-03-28 |title=MLB Opening Day: ESPN Brings Sunday Night Baseball Into Analytic Age With Volumetric Replays, 'Win Probability' in Scorebug |url=https://www.sportsvideo.org/2024/03/28/mlb-opening-day-espn-brings-sunday-night-baseball-into-analytic-age-with-volumetric-replays-constant-win-probability-in-scorebug/ |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=Sports Video Group |language=en}}</ref>
 
=== Variations ===
In addition to the above information, score bugs in some sports include additional information:
 
* In baseball, score bugs display the current inning, number of outs, the [[Physics:Pitch clock|pitch clock]] if applicable, and a graphic displaying which bases are occupied; and usually include names of the current pitcher and batter, the pitcher's pitch count, and the number of balls and strikes accrued by the batter.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Keeley |first=Sean |date=2024-04-04 |title=Here's every 2024 MLB broadcaster scorebug graphic |url=https://awfulannouncing.com/mlb/every-2024-broadcaster-scorebug-graphic.html |access-date=2025-12-16 |website=Awful Announcing |language=en-US}}</ref>
* In basketball, score bugs generally include the [[Physics:Shot clock|shot clock]], the number of fouls accrued by each team, and whether a team is in the bonus.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Russo |first=Justin |date=2024-01-18 |title=The 2023-24 NBA Broadcast Scorebug Rankings |url=https://justinrusso.substack.com/p/nba-broadcast-scorebug-rankings-2023 |access-date=2025-12-16 |website=Russo Writes, a Substack publication}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Yoder |first=Matt |date=2023-04-14 |title=The 2023 NBA scorebug rankings |url=https://awfulannouncing.com/nba/2023-nba-scorebug-rankings.html |access-date=2025-12-16 |website=Awful Announcing |language=en-US}}</ref>
* In cricket, score bugs often take the form of larger dashboards across the bottom of the screen, displaying the current team up and their number of runs, wickets, and overs, a display showing the runs scored and number of balls faced by the current batting partnership, and statistics for the opposing team's bowler (including the number of wickets scored and runs given up).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morton |first=Jamie |title=Annoying and 'ugly' coverage |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/annoying-and-ugly-coverage-just-not-cricket/JZ22MIUGHKQP2ZE4MK3YLMXAXQ/ |access-date=2026-03-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref>
* In American football, score bugs usually include the [[Physics:Play clock|play clock]] and the down and distance of the current play;<ref name=":1" /> they also incorporate graphics indicating when a [[Engineering:Penalty flag|penalty flag]] has been thrown.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Neumann |first=Sam |date=2025-01-01 |title=ESPN scorebug creates confusion over penalty flags |url=https://awfulannouncing.com/espn/scorebug-confusion-penalty-flags.html |access-date=2025-12-15 |website=Awful Announcing |language=en-US}}</ref>
* In ice hockey, score bugs display when a penalty or power play is in effect, and often include the number of shots on goal accrued by each team.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-30 |title=Grading the Best and Worst Score Bugs in Sports |url=https://staturdays.com/2021/08/30/grading-the-best-and-worst-score-bugs-in-sports/ |access-date=2025-12-16 |website=Staturdays |language=en}}</ref>
* In golf, Fox popularized the display of a persistent leaderboard graphic in the bottom-right of the screen, usually displaying the top 5.<ref name="nypost-usopen">{{cite news |title=The ups and huge graphic down to FOX's US Open coverage |url=https://nypost.com/2015/06/19/the-ups-and-huge-graphic-down-to-foxs-us-open-coverage/ |access-date=12 October 2015 |work=New York Post}}</ref><ref name="fox-drones">{{cite news |title=The U.S. Open on television: Ready for drones, rail cams and robotics? |url=http://www.golfdigest.com/story/the-us-open-on-television-read |access-date=October 12, 2015 |work=Golf Digest}}</ref>
 
==== Racing ====
Telecasts of automobile races often include a score bug with the current positions of participants, statistics such as distance behind the leader, and the remaining distance or number of laps. In the mid-2010s, NASCAR broadcasters such as Fox began to transition from horizontal [[Engineering:News ticker|tickers]] to vertical leaderboards (also referred to as "pylons", in reference to the physical scoring pylons at). The CW differentiated itself by using a horizontal display that divides the field into multiple columns along the bottom of the screen.<ref>{{Cite web |author-last1=Bupp |author-first1=Phillip |date=February 12, 2018 |title=Despite fan criticism, Fox's new NASCAR ticker could work with a few tweaks |url=https://awfulannouncing.com/fox/despite-fan-criticism-foxs-new-nascar-ticker-work-tweaks.html |access-date=December 22, 2020 |website=Awful Announcing |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author-last1=Billingsley |author-first1=Jacob |date=February 12, 2018 |title=Fox brings new graphics to NASCAR coverage, replaces scoring ticker |url=https://www.newscaststudio.com/2018/02/12/fox-sports-nascar-sidebar-graphics/?og=1 |access-date=December 22, 2020 |website=NewscastStudio |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-27 |title=The CW Bursts Onto NASCAR Xfinity Scene With High-Energy Pre-Race Show, Reimagined Graphics Package - Sports Video Group |url=https://www.sportsvideo.org/2025/02/27/the-cw-bursts-onto-nascar-xfinity-scene-with-high-energy-pre-race-show-reimagined-graphics-package/ |access-date=2026-03-07 |language=en-US}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
Line 19: Line 36:


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}{{Tv-stub}}{{Broadcasting}}
{{Reflist|30em}}{{Broadcasting}}
 
[[Category:Computer graphics]]
[[Category:Computer graphics]]
[[Category:Film and video technology]]
[[Category:Film and video technology]]

Latest revision as of 16:21, 15 May 2026

Short description: On-screen graphic in sports broadcasting
"Fox Box" redirects here. For the children's television programming block, see 4Kids TV.

A score bug is a digital on-screen graphic which is displayed in a broadcast of a sporting event, displaying the current score and other statistics.[1] It is similar in function to a scoreboard, and is usually placed at either the top or lower third of the television screen.

History

A typical score bug on a televised sporting event will consist of the station logo alongside the current score of game, and other information, such as time elapsed.

The concept of a persistent score bug was devised by Sky Sports head David Hill, who was dissatisfied over having to wait to see what the score was after tuning into a football match in-progress. The score bug was introduced when Sky launched its coverage of the then newly-formed English Premier League in August 1992. Hill's boss repeatedly demanded that the graphic be removed, describing it as the "stupidest thing [he] had ever seen". Hill defied the boss's demands and kept the graphic in place.[2] ITV introduced a score bug at the start of the 1993–94 football season, and the BBC introduced a score bug towards the end of 1993.

The concept was introduced to the United States by ABC Sports and ESPN during coverage of the 1994 FIFA World Cup. Their justification for the graphic was to provide a location for a rotating series of sponsor logos, in order to allow matches to air without commercial interruption.[2]

With the acquisition of rights to the National Football League (NFL) by BSkyB's American sibling Fox (a fellow venture of Rupert Murdoch), Hill became the first president of Fox Sports. Under Hill's leadership, Fox introduced a version of the score bug branded as the "Fox Box", which was part of its inaugural season of NFL coverage in 1994.[2] Variety criticized it as an "annoying see-through clock and score graphic" and expressed concern for people "who actually watched the beginning of the game and would rather have their screen clear of graphics".[3] Hill even received a death threat from an irate viewer, with a specific emphasis on him being a "foreigner",[4] but the score bug soon became a ubiquitous feature for American football broadcasts, along with almost all American sports broadcasts in the years that followed.[5][2]

Dick Ebersol of NBC Sports initially opposed the idea of a score bug, as he thought that fans would dislike seeing more graphics on the screen and would change the channel from blowout games if the score was constantly being displayed.[6]

Since the 2010s, the on-air design and positioning of some score bugs have been influenced by the needs of Internet video (especially when viewing an event on devices with smaller screens), including bugs noticeably larger than prior iterations designed with television viewing in mind, or designs primarily kept towards the bottom-center of the screen (easing the ability for the bug to remain visible when highlights are cropped for square videos posted on social media).[7][8][9]

Details

Score bugs used in team sports typically include the names of both teams, an abbreviation of the team's name, and/or the team's logo; for individual sports, they include the names of individual competitors. In sports where a game clock or playing periods are used, those are generally also displayed as part of the score bug. Some broadcasts also include teams' win-loss records.[10] In 2024, ESPN experimented with adding a persistent win probability meter to its bug in Major League Baseball, which was based on input from its statisticians.[11]

Variations

In addition to the above information, score bugs in some sports include additional information:

  • In baseball, score bugs display the current inning, number of outs, the pitch clock if applicable, and a graphic displaying which bases are occupied; and usually include names of the current pitcher and batter, the pitcher's pitch count, and the number of balls and strikes accrued by the batter.[12]
  • In basketball, score bugs generally include the shot clock, the number of fouls accrued by each team, and whether a team is in the bonus.[13][14]
  • In cricket, score bugs often take the form of larger dashboards across the bottom of the screen, displaying the current team up and their number of runs, wickets, and overs, a display showing the runs scored and number of balls faced by the current batting partnership, and statistics for the opposing team's bowler (including the number of wickets scored and runs given up).[15]
  • In American football, score bugs usually include the play clock and the down and distance of the current play;[10] they also incorporate graphics indicating when a penalty flag has been thrown.[16]
  • In ice hockey, score bugs display when a penalty or power play is in effect, and often include the number of shots on goal accrued by each team.[17]
  • In golf, Fox popularized the display of a persistent leaderboard graphic in the bottom-right of the screen, usually displaying the top 5.[18][19]

Racing

Telecasts of automobile races often include a score bug with the current positions of participants, statistics such as distance behind the leader, and the remaining distance or number of laps. In the mid-2010s, NASCAR broadcasters such as Fox began to transition from horizontal tickers to vertical leaderboards (also referred to as "pylons", in reference to the physical scoring pylons at). The CW differentiated itself by using a horizontal display that divides the field into multiple columns along the bottom of the screen.[20][21][22]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Newth, Alex. "What Is a Score Bug? (with picture)". Easy Tech Junkie. Conjecture Corporation. https://www.easytechjunkie.com/what-is-a-score-bug.htm. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Sandomir, Richard (2014-06-12). "The Innovation That Grew and Grew" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/13/sports/the-tv-score-box-that-grew-and-grew.html. 
  3. ↑ Cox, Dan (September 6, 1994). "NFL on Fox Review". Variety. https://variety.com/1994/tv/reviews/nfl-on-fox-2-1200438717/. 
  4. ↑ Curtis, Bryan (2018-12-13). "The Great NFL Heist: How Fox Paid for and Changed Football Forever" (in en). https://www.theringer.com/nfl/2018/12/13/18137938/nfl-fox-deal-rupert-murdoch-1993-john-madden-terry-bradshaw-howie-long-jimmy-johnson-cbs-nbc. 
  5. ↑ Lucia, Joe (April 6, 2021). "Which RSN has the best MLB scorebug?". Awful Announcing. https://awfulannouncing.com/mlb/which-rsn-has-the-best-mlb-scorebug.html. 
  6. ↑ Curtis, Bryan (December 13, 2018). "The Great NFL Heist: How Fox Paid for and Changed Football Forever". https://www.theringer.com/nfl/2018/12/13/18137938/nfl-fox-deal-rupert-murdoch-1993-john-madden-terry-bradshaw-howie-long-jimmy-johnson-cbs-nbc. 
  7. ↑ "Fox redesigns its NFL graphics for the point-your-phone-at-the-TV era" (in en-US). https://www.avclub.com/fox-redesigns-its-nfl-graphics-for-the-point-your-phone-1841522459. 
  8. ↑ Bupp, Phillip (2022-02-13). "NBC debuts a more centered scorebug for the Super Bowl" (in en-US). https://awfulannouncing.com/nbc/nbc-debuts-a-more-centered-scorebug-for-the-super-bowl.html. 
  9. ↑ Koo, Ben (2016-10-05). "ESPN and TBS debut new massive, oversized score bugs because of millennials? Maybe old people?" (in en-US). https://awfulannouncing.com/2016/espn-tbs-debut-new-massive-oversized-score-bugs.html. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Kadlick, Mike (2025-09-09). "Ranking the Current NFL Scorebugs for the 2025 Season" (in en-US). https://www.si.com/nfl/ranking-the-current-nfl-scorebugs-for-the-2025-season. 
  11. ↑ Dachman, Jason (2024-03-28). "MLB Opening Day: ESPN Brings Sunday Night Baseball Into Analytic Age With Volumetric Replays, 'Win Probability' in Scorebug" (in en). https://www.sportsvideo.org/2024/03/28/mlb-opening-day-espn-brings-sunday-night-baseball-into-analytic-age-with-volumetric-replays-constant-win-probability-in-scorebug/. 
  12. ↑ Keeley, Sean (2024-04-04). "Here's every 2024 MLB broadcaster scorebug graphic" (in en-US). https://awfulannouncing.com/mlb/every-2024-broadcaster-scorebug-graphic.html. 
  13. ↑ Russo, Justin (2024-01-18). "The 2023-24 NBA Broadcast Scorebug Rankings". https://justinrusso.substack.com/p/nba-broadcast-scorebug-rankings-2023. 
  14. ↑ Yoder, Matt (2023-04-14). "The 2023 NBA scorebug rankings" (in en-US). https://awfulannouncing.com/nba/2023-nba-scorebug-rankings.html. 
  15. ↑ Morton, Jamie. "Annoying and 'ugly' coverage" (in en-NZ). https://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/annoying-and-ugly-coverage-just-not-cricket/JZ22MIUGHKQP2ZE4MK3YLMXAXQ/. 
  16. ↑ Neumann, Sam (2025-01-01). "ESPN scorebug creates confusion over penalty flags" (in en-US). https://awfulannouncing.com/espn/scorebug-confusion-penalty-flags.html. 
  17. ↑ "Grading the Best and Worst Score Bugs in Sports" (in en). 2021-08-30. https://staturdays.com/2021/08/30/grading-the-best-and-worst-score-bugs-in-sports/. 
  18. ↑ "The ups and huge graphic down to FOX's US Open coverage". New York Post. https://nypost.com/2015/06/19/the-ups-and-huge-graphic-down-to-foxs-us-open-coverage/. 
  19. ↑ "The U.S. Open on television: Ready for drones, rail cams and robotics?". Golf Digest. http://www.golfdigest.com/story/the-us-open-on-television-read. 
  20. ↑ "Despite fan criticism, Fox's new NASCAR ticker could work with a few tweaks" (in en-US). February 12, 2018. https://awfulannouncing.com/fox/despite-fan-criticism-foxs-new-nascar-ticker-work-tweaks.html. 
  21. ↑ "Fox brings new graphics to NASCAR coverage, replaces scoring ticker" (in en-US). February 12, 2018. https://www.newscaststudio.com/2018/02/12/fox-sports-nascar-sidebar-graphics/?og=1. 
  22. ↑ "The CW Bursts Onto NASCAR Xfinity Scene With High-Energy Pre-Race Show, Reimagined Graphics Package - Sports Video Group" (in en-US). 2025-02-27. https://www.sportsvideo.org/2025/02/27/the-cw-bursts-onto-nascar-xfinity-scene-with-high-energy-pre-race-show-reimagined-graphics-package/. 



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