Finance:List of countries by public sector

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This is a list of countries by public sector, calculated as the number of public sector employees as a percentage of the total workforce. Information is based mainly on data from the OECD[1][2][3] and the ILO.[4] If a source has figures for more than one year, only the most recent figure is used (with notes for exceptional circumstances). In the former Eastern Bloc countries, the public sector in 1989 accounted for between 70% to over 90% of total employment.[5] In China a full 100% of employees were employed in the public sector by 1978, the year the Chinese economic reform was launched, after which the rates dropped to 56.4% in 1995 and 32.8% in 2003.[6]

In OECD countries, the average public sector employment rate was 21.3% in 2013.[1]

List

Country OECD (%)[1][2][3] ILO (%)[4] [7] [8] Other estimates (%)
 Albania 16.6 (2013)
 Armenia 21.8 (2013) 17.6 (World Bank publication, 2009)[9]
 Australia 20.4 (2012) 18.0 (2012)
 Austria 15.2 (2014) 15.1 (2014)
 Azerbaijan 25.9 (2013) 21.7 (World Bank publication, 2009)[9]
 Bahamas 33.7 (2009)
 Bangladesh 8.0 (2010)
 Bahrain 8.4*[lower-alpha 1] (Baldwin-Edwards, 2010)[10]
 Barbados 22.3 (2013)
 Belarus 50.6 (2013) 72.0 (World Bank publication, 2010)[5], 40.1 (BelStat, 2017)[11]
 Belgium 21.5 (2013) 19.6 (2014)
 Bermuda 10.3 (2010)
 Bhutan 17.8 (2012)
 Botswana 19.5 (2014)
 Brazil 12.1 (2013) 20.0 (2014)
 Bulgaria 24.5 (2013)
 Cameroon 9.8 (2014)
 Canada 22.4 (2013) 19.9 (2014)
 Chile 14.0 (2013) 11.5 (2013)
 China 50.0 (2012) 29.3 (2004)[6] 50 (2011, Business Insider)[12]
 Colombia 10.0 (2013) 10.0 (2013)
 Costa Rica 18.2 (2013)
 Croatia 31.7 (2013)
 Czech Republic 18.0 (2013) 15.4 (2015)
 Cuba 77.0 (2010)
 Denmark 32.9 (2011) 31.4 (2014)
 Dominican Republic 12.0 (2014)
 Ecuador 19.0 (2013)
 Egypt 26.3 (2013)
 El Salvador 11.0 (2013)
 Estonia 22.0 (2013) 20.7 (2013)
 Ethiopia 29.5 (2012)
 Finland 27.0 (2013) 24.7 (2013)
 France 28.0 (2013) 24.9 (2014)
 Georgia 17.4 (2014) 21.1 (World Bank publication, 2009)[9]
 Ghana 11.0 (2013)
 Germany 15.3 (2012) 12.9 (2013)
 Greece 14.6 (2012) 11.2 (2013)
 Guatemala 11.5 (2014)
 Guinea 8.0 (2012)
 Haiti 9.0 (2012)
 Hong Kong 7.5 (2012)
 Hungary 24.8 (2012) 24.8 (2012)
 India 3.80 (2014) 4.7*[lower-alpha 2] (2002)[13] 3.80 (World Bank Data and Reserve Bank of India Data, 2012)[14][15]
 Iran 18.3 (2008)
 Ireland 19.5 (2014) 17.9 (2014)
 Israel 20.7 (2007) 18.5 (2014)
 Italy 18.3 (2013) 16.0 (2013)
 Japan 12.9 (2014) 10.9 (2014)
 Jordan 33.1 (2004)
 Kazakhstan 23.3 (2012) 20.8 (World Bank publication, 2009)[9]
 Kuwait 44.6 (2008) 18.5*[lower-alpha 1] (Baldwin-Edwards, 2008)[10]
 Kyrgyzstan 15.1 (World Bank publication, 2009)[9]
 Latvia 31.2 (2013) 29.2 (2014)
 Liechtenstein 7.1 (2015)
 Lithuania 24.0 (2013) 24.0 (World Bank publication, 2010)[5]
 Luxembourg 22.1 (2011)
 Macau 6.5 (2014)
 North Macedonia 23.2 (2013)
 Madagascar 11.0 (2012)
 Malaysia 19.0 (2014)
 Mali 8.4 (2010)
 Mexico 13.8 (2013) 11.5 (2014)
 Moldova 36.0 (2014) 41.0 (World Bank publication, 2010)[5]
 Mongolia 28.0 (2014)
 Morocco 12.1 (2012)
OECD 21.3*[lower-alpha 3] (2013)
 Oman 14.0*[lower-alpha 1] (Baldwin-Edwards, 2008)[10]
 New Zealand 13.4 (2011) 11.5 (2011)
 Netherlands 17.3 (2013) 13.8 (2013)
 Norway 35.6 (2013) 37.8 (2014)
 Panama 13.2 (2014)
 Paraguay 9.0 (2014)
 Peru 10.0 (2014)
 Philippines 10.9 (2014)
 Poland 25.2 (2013) 17.5 (2013) 16.0 (World Bank publication, 2010)[5]
 Portugal 18.4 (2014) 14.7 (2014)
 Qatar 16.1 (2010) 12.1*[lower-alpha 1] (Baldwin-Edwards, 2009)[10]
 Romania 16.2 (2013) 15.3 (INS, 2015)[16]
 Russia 40.6 (2011)
 Saudi Arabia 35.3 35.3*[lower-alpha 1] (Baldwin-Edwards, 2008)[10]
 San Marino 18.7 (2009)
 Senegal 8.7 (2011)
 Serbia 31.0 (2013)
 Seychelles 36.8 (2011)
 Singapore 32.0 (2014)
 Slovakia 18.2 (2013) 16.1 (2013)
 Slovenia 20.9 (2012) 20.9 (2012)
 South Africa 17.4 (2013) 16.9 (2014)
 South Korea 11.6 (2013) 10.3 (2014)
 Spain 17.9 (2014) 15.5 (2014)
 Sri Lanka 15.1 (2012)
 Sweden 29.9 (2013) 26.0 (2015)
  Switzerland 18.0 (2014) 13.8 (2014)
 Tajikistan 33.0 (World Bank publication, 2010)[5]
 Tanzania 7.5 (2013)
 Thailand 19.4 (2014)
 Turkey 15.9 (2011) 13.3 (2014)
 Ukraine 26.7 (2012) 26.5 (2013)
 United Kingdom 21.5 (2013) 21.5 (2013)
 United States 17.6 [not included in dataset] (2013) 15.8 (2014) 19.2 (Mercatus publication, 2013)[17]
 Uruguay 19.9 (2014)
 Venezuela 29.0 (2014)
 Vietnam 20.2 (2014)
 Zambia 9.7 (2013)
 Zimbabwe 21.9 (2013)
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 GCC estimates by Baldwin-Edwards are state employment as a proportion of total employment. The employment of nationals is primarily in the state sector, with migrant workers dominating the private sector.
  2. ↑ India's public sector still accounted for 69% of the country's organised workforce.
  3. ↑ OECD average for 2013 does not include Australia, Czech Republic, Germany, South Korea, Ireland and Portugal.

See also

  • List of countries by employment rate
  • List of countries by labour force
  • Public sector

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 OECD (2015). "Employment in the public sector". Government at a Glance 2015 (Paris: OECD Publishing). https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/governance/government-at-a-glance-2015_gov_glance-2015-en. Retrieved June 16, 2018. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 OECD (2013). "Employment in general government and public corporations". Government at a Glance 2013 (Paris: OECD Publishing). http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/gov_glance-2013-en/05/01/g5-02.html?contentType=%2fns%2fStatisticalPublication%2c%2fns%2fChapter&itemId=%2fcontent%2fchapter%2fgov_glance-2013-32-en&mimeType=text%2fhtml&containerItemId=%2fcontent%2fserial%2f22214399&accessItemIds=&_csp_=7226b18ecfc0b354f7f2f8ab786d6a97. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 OECD (2011). "Employment in General Government and Public Corporations". Government at a Glance 2011 (Paris: OECD Publishing). http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/gov_glance-2011-en/05/01/gv-21-02.html?itemId=/content/chapter/gov_glance-2011-27-en&_csp_=6514ff186e872f0ad7b772c5f31fbf2f. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Share of employment in the public sector by sex (%)". International Labour Organization. https://www.ilo.org/ilostat/faces/help_home/data_by_subject/subject-details/indicator-details-by-subject?subject=PSE&indicator=EMP_XPSS_SEX_RT&datasetCode=YI&collectionCode=YI&_afrLoop=3698599761131252#%40%3Findicator%3DEMP_XPSS_SEX_RT%26subject%3DPSE%26_afrLoop%3D3698599761131252%26datasetCode%3DYI%26collectionCode%3DYI%26_adf.ctrl-state%3Dyajy2nny8_190. Retrieved 20 October 2015.  [|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Omar S. Arias, Carolina Sánchez-Páramo, María E. Dávalos, Indhira Santos, Erwin R. Tiongson, Carola Gruen, Natasha de Andrade Falcão, Gady Saiovici, Cesar A. Cancho (2014). Back to Work: Growing with Jobs in Europe and Central Asia. World Bank Publications. pp. 86, 101. ISBN 9780821399118. https://books.google.com/books?id=xqrFAgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=no#v=onepage&q&f=false. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Zeng, Jin (2013). State-Led Privatization in China: The Politics of Economic Reform. Routledge. pp. 52–53. ISBN 9781134464890. https://books.google.no/books?id=TfUhAQAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&hl=no&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false. 
  7. ↑ https://www.ilo.org/ilostat/faces/wcnav_defaultSelection;ILOSTATCOOKIE=AiC8lHvbyZkHSgKV8NmHD-Fk-RhVvHD4BESHNWbkUH7-Bk1VALDb!1669746576?_afrLoop=1092739279134119&_afrWindowMode=0&_afrWindowId=null#!%40%40%3F_afrWindowId%3Dnull%26_afrLoop%3D1092739279134119%26_afrWindowMode%3D0%26_adf.ctrl-state%3D17m2i1zor1_4
  8. ↑ https://www.ilo.org/ilostat/faces/oracle/webcenter/portalapp/pagehierarchy/Page27.jspx?subject=EMP&indicator=PSE_TPSE_GOV_NB&datasetCode=A&collectionCode=YI&_afrLoop=1093627555138474&_afrWindowMode=0&_afrWindowId=null#!%40%40%3Findicator%3DPSE_TPSE_GOV_NB%26_afrWindowId%3Dnull%26subject%3DEMP%26_afrLoop%3D1093627555138474%26datasetCode%3DA%26collectionCode%3DYI%26_afrWindowMode%3D0%26_adf.ctrl-state%3D17m2i1zor1_142
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 Indermit S. Gill, Ivailo Izvorski, Willem van Eeghen, Donato De Rosa (2014). Diversified Development: Making the Most of Natural Resources in Eurasia. World Bank Publications. p. 164. ISBN 9781464801204. https://books.google.com/books?id=U_IXAwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=no#v=onepage&q&f=false. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 Baldwin-Edwards, Martin (2011). "Labour immigration and labour markets in the GCC countries: national patterns and trends.". Kuwait Programme on Development, Governance and Globalisation in the Gulf States (London: The London School of Economics and Political Science) 15: 15. 
  11. ↑ National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus, "Численность занятого населения по формам собственности"
  12. ↑ "CHART OF THE DAY: Guess Which Country Has The Highest Percentage Of Workers Employed By The Government" (in en). Business Insider. http://www.businessinsider.com/chart-of-the-day-government-sector-employment-2011-11. 
  13. ↑ Kumar, Rajiv (2008). India and the Global Economy. Academic Foundation. p. 246. ISBN 9788171886616. https://books.google.com/books?id=CwT18r6-4zIC&lpg=PP1&hl=no&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false. 
  14. ↑ https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.TLF.TOTL.IN?contextual=default&end=2012&locations=IN&most_recent_value_desc=false&start=1990
  15. ↑ https://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=15804
  16. ↑ "84 pct of Romania’s employed population work in the private sector, says INS". Business Review. 30 April 2015. http://business-review.eu/featured/84-pct-of-romanias-employed-population-work-in-the-private-sector-says-ins-79865. 
  17. ↑ "Government-Financed Employment and the Real Private Sector in the 50 States" (in en). Mercatus Center. 2013-11-25. https://www.mercatus.org/publication/government-financed-employment-and-real-private-sector-50-states. 




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