Biology:Nephrozoa
From HandWiki
Nephrozoa is a proposed major clade which would contain nearly all living bilaterian animals. Under this hypothesis, Xenacoelomorpha forms the earliest diverging branch of Bilateria, with all other bilaterians placed in Nephrozoa. It contrasts with the Xenambulacraria hypothesis, which instead posits that Xenacoelomorpha is most closely related to Ambulacraria (usually placed as deuterostomes).[1][2][3][4][5][6] Which hypothesis is correct has been debated, and as of 2024 the issue is unresolved.[7][8] The clade is named after a key synapomorphy of the group: the presence of specialized excretory organs known as nephridia.[9]
Phylogenetic tree
Below is a proposed phylogenetic tree of Nephrozoa:
| Bilateria |
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References
- ↑ Philippe, Hervé et al. (2019). "Mitigating Anticipated Effects of Systematic Errors Supports Sister-Group Relationship between Xenacoelomorpha and Ambulacraria". Current Biology 29 (11): 1818–1826.e6. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.04.009. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 31104936. Bibcode: 2019CBio...29E1818P.
- ↑ Marlétaz, Ferdinand (2019-06-17). "Zoology: Worming into the Origin of Bilaterians". Current Biology 29 (12): R577–R579. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.05.006. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 31211978. Bibcode: 2019CBio...29.R577M.
- ↑ Kapli, Paschalia; Telford, Maximilian J. (11 Dec 2020). "Topology-dependent asymmetry in systematic errors affects phylogenetic placement of Ctenophora and Xenacoelomorpha". Science Advances 6 (10). doi:10.1126/sciadv.abc5162. PMID 33310849. Bibcode: 2020SciA....6.5162K.
- ↑ Kapli, Paschalia; Natsidis, Paschalis; Leite, Daniel J.; Fursman, Maximilian; Jeffrie, Nadia; Rahman, Imran A.; Philippe, Hervé; Copley, Richard R. et al. (2021-03-19). "Lack of support for Deuterostomia prompts reinterpretation of the first Bilateria". Science Advances 7 (12). doi:10.1126/sciadv.abe2741. PMID 33741592. Bibcode: 2021SciA....7.2741K.
- ↑ Marlétaz, Ferdinand; Peijnenburg, Katja T.C.A.; Goto, Taichiro; Satoh, Noriyuki; Rokhsar, Daniel S. (2019-01-21). "A New Spiralian Phylogeny Places the Enigmatic Arrow Worms among Gnathiferans". Current Biology 29 (2): 312–318.e3. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.11.042. PMID 30639106. Bibcode: 2019CBio...29E.312M.
- ↑ Schiffer, Philipp H; Natsidis, Paschalis; Leite, Daniel J; Robertson, Helen E; Lapraz, François; Marlétaz, Ferdinand; Fromm, Bastian; Baudry, Liam et al. (2024-08-07). "Insights into early animal evolution from the genome of the xenacoelomorph worm Xenoturbella bocki" (in en). eLife 13. doi:10.7554/eLife.94948. ISSN 2050-084X. PMID 39109482.
- ↑ Abalde, Samuel; Jondelius, Ulf (2025-02-10). Whelan, Nathan. ed. "A Phylogenomic Backbone for Acoelomorpha Inferred From Transcriptomic Data" (in en). Systematic Biology 74 (1): 70–85. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syae057. ISSN 1063-5157. PMID 39451056. PMC 11809588. https://academic.oup.com/sysbio/article/74/1/70/7841810.
- ↑ Robertson, Helen E.; Sebé-Pedrós, Arnau; Saudemont, Baptiste; Loe-Mie, Yann; Zakrzewski, Anne-C.; Grau-Bové, Xavier; Mailhe, Marie-Pierre; Schiffer, Philipp et al. (2024-03-19). "Single cell atlas of Xenoturbella bocki highlights limited cell-type complexity" (in en). Nature Communications 15 (1): 2469. doi:10.1038/s41467-024-45956-y. ISSN 2041-1723. PMID 38503762. Bibcode: 2024NatCo..15.2469R.
- ↑ Jondelius, Ulf; Ruiz-Trillo, Iñaki; Baguñà, Jaume; Riutort, Marta (2002). "The Nemertodermatida are basal bilaterians and not members of the Platyhelminthes" (in en). Zoologica Scripta 31 (2): 201–215. doi:10.1046/j.1463-6409.2002.00090.x. ISSN 1463-6409. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1463-6409.2002.00090.x.
Further reading
- Balavoine, Guillaume; Adoutte, André (17 April 1998). "One or Three Cambrian Radiations?". Science 280 (5362): 397–398. doi:10.1126/science.280.5362.397. ISSN 0036-8075. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235232347.
- Bourlat, S; Nielsen, C; Economou, A; Telford, M (October 2008). "Testing the new animal phylogeny: A phylum level molecular analysis of the animal kingdom". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 49 (1): 23–31. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.07.008. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 18692145. Bibcode: 2008MolPE..49...23B. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/23160823.
- Jondelius, Ulf; Ruiz-Trillo, Inaki; Baguna, Jaume; Riutort, Marta (April 2002). "The Nemertodermatida are basal bilaterians and not members of the Platyhelminthes". Zoologica Scripta 31 (2): 201–215. doi:10.1046/j.1463-6409.2002.00090.x. ISSN 0300-3256.
External links
Data related to Nephrozoa at Wikispecies
Wikidata ☰ Q3059449 entry
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