Chemistry:Horsfiline

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Horsfiline
Horsfiline.svg
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
(3R)-5-Methoxy-1′-methylspiro[indole-3,3′-pyrrolidin]-2(1H)-one
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
UNII
Properties
C13H16N2O2
Molar mass 232.283 g·mol−1
Melting point 125 to 126 °C (257 to 259 °F; 398 to 399 K)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references
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Horsfiline is an oxindole alkaloid found in the plant Horsfieldia superba,[1] which is used in traditional herbal medicine. It has analgesic effects and has been the subject of research both to produce it synthetically by convenient routes[2][3][4][5][6][7][8] and to develop analogues and derivatives which may have improved analgesic effects.[9][10]

It is a member of the spiroindolone class. Elacomine has a similar chemical structure.

References

  1. "An oxindole alkaloid from Horsfieldia superba". Journal of Organic Chemistry 56 (23): 6527–6530. 1991. doi:10.1021/jo00023a016. 
  2. "Total Synthesis of (-)-Horsfiline via Asymmetric Nitroolefination". The Journal of Organic Chemistry 64 (5): 1699–1704. March 1999. doi:10.1021/jo981577q. PMID 11674239. 
  3. "Azomethine ylide cycloaddition/reductive heterocyclization approach to oxindole alkaloids: asymmetric synthesis of (-)-horsfiline". The Journal of Organic Chemistry 66 (25): 8447–53. December 2001. doi:10.1021/jo015854w. PMID 11735524. 
  4. "Novel phosphorus radical-based routes to horsfiline". Organic Letters 7 (15): 3287–9. July 2005. doi:10.1021/ol051095i. PMID 16018642. 
  5. "Palladium asymmetric allylic alkylation of prochiral nucleophiles: horsfiline". Organic Letters 8 (10): 2027–30. May 2006. doi:10.1021/ol060298j. PMID 16671773. 
  6. "Efficient enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-horsfiline". Chemistry 19 (29): 9599–605. July 2013. doi:10.1002/chem.201301008. PMID 23836402. 
  7. "Asymmetric organocatalyzed Michael addition of nitromethane to a 2-oxoindoline-3-ylidene acetaldehyde and the three one-pot sequential synthesis of (-)-horsfiline and (-)-coerulescine". Chemistry 20 (42): 13583–8. October 2014. doi:10.1002/chem.201403932. PMID 25155110. 
  8. "Nonstabilized Azomethine Ylides in the Mannich Reaction: Synthesis of 3,3-Disubstituted Pyrrolidines, Including Oxindole Alkaloids". The Journal of Organic Chemistry 82 (23): 12827–12833. December 2017. doi:10.1021/acs.joc.7b02193. PMID 29048900. 
  9. "C-alkylated spiro[benzofuran-3(2H),4'-1'-methyl-piperidine-7-ols] as potent opioids: a conformation-activity study". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 8 (14): 1813–8. July 1998. doi:10.1016/S0960-894X(98)00318-7. PMID 9873439. 
  10. Alf Claesson, Britt-Marie Swahn, Odd-Geir Berge. Spirooxindole derivatives that act as analgesics. US Patent 6774132