Template:Risk of venous thromboembolism with hormone therapy and birth control pills (QResearch/CPRD)
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Risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) with hormone therapy and birth control (QResearch/CPRD) | ||
| Type | Route | Medications | Odds ratio (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Menopausal hormone therapy | Oral | Estradiol alone ≤1 mg/day >1 mg/day |
1.27 (1.16–1.39)* 1.22 (1.09–1.37)* 1.35 (1.18–1.55)* |
| Conjugated estrogens alone ≤0.625 mg/day >0.625 mg/day |
1.49 (1.39–1.60)* 1.40 (1.28–1.53)* 1.71 (1.51–1.93)* | ||
| Estradiol/medroxyprogesterone acetate | 1.44 (1.09–1.89)* | ||
| Estradiol/dydrogesterone ≤1 mg/day E2 >1 mg/day E2 |
1.18 (0.98–1.42) 1.12 (0.90–1.40) 1.34 (0.94–1.90) | ||
| Estradiol/norethisterone ≤1 mg/day E2 >1 mg/day E2 |
1.68 (1.57–1.80)* 1.38 (1.23–1.56)* 1.84 (1.69–2.00)* | ||
| Estradiol/norgestrel or estradiol/drospirenone | 1.42 (1.00–2.03) | ||
| Conjugated estrogens/medroxyprogesterone acetate | 2.10 (1.92–2.31)* | ||
| Conjugated estrogens/norgestrel ≤0.625 mg/day CEEs >0.625 mg/day CEEs |
1.73 (1.57–1.91)* 1.53 (1.36–1.72)* 2.38 (1.99–2.85)* | ||
| Tibolone alone | 1.02 (0.90–1.15) | ||
| Raloxifene alone | 1.49 (1.24–1.79)* | ||
| Transdermal | Estradiol alone ≤50 μg/day >50 μg/day |
0.96 (0.88–1.04) 0.94 (0.85–1.03) 1.05 (0.88–1.24) | |
| Conjugated estrogens alone | 1.04 (0.76–1.43) | ||
| Estradiol/progestogen | 0.88 (0.73–1.01) | ||
| Vaginal | Estradiol alone | 0.84 (0.73–0.97) | |
| Combined birth control | Oral | Ethinylestradiol/norethisterone | 2.56 (2.15–3.06)* |
| Ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel | 2.38 (2.18–2.59)* | ||
| Ethinylestradiol/norgestimate | 2.53 (2.17–2.96)* | ||
| Ethinylestradiol/desogestrel | 4.28 (3.66–5.01)* | ||
| Ethinylestradiol/gestodene | 3.64 (3.00–4.43)* | ||
| Ethinylestradiol/drospirenone | 4.12 (3.43–4.96)* | ||
| Ethinylestradiol/cyproterone acetate | 4.27 (3.57–5.11)* | ||
| Notes: (1) Nested case–control studies (2015, 2019) based on data from the QResearch and Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) databases. (2) Bioidentical progesterone was not included, but is known to be associated with no additional risk. Footnotes: * = Statistically significant (p < 0.01). Sources: Main: [1][2] Additional: [3][4][5][6] | |||
Template documentationSee also
References
- ↑ "Use of hormone replacement therapy and risk of venous thromboembolism: nested case-control studies using the QResearch and CPRD databases". BMJ 364: k4810. January 2019. doi:10.1136/bmj.k4810. PMID 30626577.
- ↑ "Use of combined oral contraceptives and risk of venous thromboembolism: nested case-control studies using the QResearch and CPRD databases". BMJ 350: h2135. May 2015. doi:10.1136/bmj.h2135. PMID 26013557.
- ↑ "Postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of venous thromboembolism: what about progesterone?". BMJ 364: l601. February 2019. doi:10.1136/bmj.l601. PMID 30745295.
- ↑ "Evidence on the use of progesterone in menopausal hormone therapy". Climacteric 21 (4): 346–354. August 2018. doi:10.1080/13697137.2018.1455657. PMID 29630427.
- ↑ "Progestogens and venous thromboembolism in menopausal women: an updated oral versus transdermal estrogen meta-analysis". Climacteric 21 (4): 341–345. August 2018. doi:10.1080/13697137.2018.1446931. PMID 29570359.
- ↑ "Menopausal hormone therapy: a better and safer future". Climacteric 21 (5): 454–461. October 2018. doi:10.1080/13697137.2018.1439915. PMID 29526116.
