Biology:DCPS (gene)

Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Generic protein structure example

Scavenger mRNA decapping enzyme (DcpS) N-terminal
crystal structure of mrna decapping enzyme (dcps) from mus musculus at 1.83 a resolution
Identifiers
Symbol	DcpS
Pfam	PF05652
InterPro	IPR008594
SCOP2	1st4 / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Available protein structures: Pfam   structures / ECOD   PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Scavenger mRNA decapping enzyme C-term binding
Identifiers
Symbol	DcpS_C
Pfam	PF11969
Pfam clan	CL0265
SCOP2	1st4 / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Available protein structures: Pfam   structures / ECOD   PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Scavenger mRNA-decapping enzyme DcpS is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DCPS gene.

The scavenger mRNA decapping enzymes include Dcp2 and DcpS. DcpS is a scavenger pyrophosphatase that hydrolyses the residual cap structure following 3' to 5' mRNA degradation. DcpS uses cap dinucleotides or capped oligonucleotides as substrates to release m(7)GMP (N7-methyl GMP), while Dcp2 uses capped mRNA as a substrate in order to hydrolyse the cap to release m(7)GDP (N7-methyl GDP). The association of DcpS with 3' to 5' exonuclease exosome components suggests that these two activities are linked and there is a coupled exonucleolytic decay-dependent decapping pathway. The family contains a histidine triad (HIT) sequence in its C-terminal domain, with three histidines separated by hydrophobic residues. The central histidine within the DcpS HIT motif is critical for decapping activity and defines the HIT motif as a new mRNA decapping domain, making DcpS the first member of the HIT family of proteins with a defined biological function.

See also

• Al-Raqad syndrome

Further reading

• "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene 138 (1–2): 171–174. 1994. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298. 
• Suzuki Y; Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K; Maruyama K et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene 200 (1–2): 149–156. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149. 
• Zhang QH; Ye M; Wu XY et al. (2001). "Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells". Genome Res. 10 (10): 1546–1560. doi:10.1101/gr.140200. PMID 11042152. 
• "Functional link between the mammalian exosome and mRNA decapping". Cell 107 (6): 751–762. 2002. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00592-X. PMID 11747811. 
• Strausberg RL; Feingold EA; Grouse LH et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–16903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M. 
• Kwasnicka DA; Krakowiak A; Thacker C et al. (2003). "Coordinate expression of NADPH-dependent flavin reductase, Fre-1, and Hint-related 7meGMP-directed hydrolase, DCS-1". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (40): 39051–39058. doi:10.1074/jbc.M306355200. PMID 12871939. 
• Ota T; Suzuki Y; Nishikawa T et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–45. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039. 
• Gu M; Fabrega C; Liu SW et al. (2004). "Insights into the structure, mechanism, and regulation of scavenger mRNA decapping activity". Mol. Cell 14 (1): 67–80. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(04)00180-7. PMID 15068804. 
• Liu SW; Jiao X; Liu H et al. (2004). "Functional analysis of mRNA scavenger decapping enzymes". RNA 10 (9): 1412–1422. doi:10.1261/rna.7660804. PMID 15273322. 
• Gerhard DS; Wagner L; Feingold EA et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–2127. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334. 
• "The 'scavenger' m7GpppX pyrophosphatase activity of Dcs1 modulates nutrient-induced responses in yeast". Nucleic Acids Res. 32 (12): 3590–3600. 2004. doi:10.1093/nar/gkh687. PMID 15240832. 
• Chen N; Walsh MA; Liu Y et al. (2005). "Crystal structures of human DcpS in ligand-free and m7GDP-bound forms suggest a dynamic mechanism for scavenger mRNA decapping". J. Mol. Biol. 347 (4): 707–718. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2005.01.062. PMID 15769464. 
• "Role of a novel dual flavin reductase (NR1) and an associated histidine triad protein (DCS-1) in menadione-induced cytotoxicity". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 336 (2): 565–571. 2005. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.08.129. PMID 16140270. 
• "Dcs2, a novel stress-induced modulator of m7GpppX pyrophosphatase activity that locates to P bodies". J. Mol. Biol. 363 (2): 370–382. 2006. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2006.08.015. PMID 16963086. 

External links

• PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human m7GpppX diphosphatase (DCPS)

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro: IPR008594