Biology:Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2

Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Generic protein structure example

Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MBD2 gene.

Function

DNA methylation is the major modification of eukaryotic genomes and plays an essential role in mammalian development. Human proteins MECP2, MBD1, MBD2, MBD3, and MBD4 comprise a family of nuclear proteins related by the presence in each of a methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD). Each of these proteins, with the exception of MBD3, is capable of binding specifically to methylated DNA. MECP2, MBD1, and MBD2 can also repress transcription from methylated gene promoters. The protein encoded by these genes may function as a mediator of the biological consequences of the methylation signal. It is also reported that MBD2 and MBD3 recruit the NuRD complex to regions of DNA depending on their selective binding of methylated CpG sites. Therefore, MBD2/NuRD and MBD3/NuRD define two distinct protein complexes with different biochemical and functional properties.

Interactions

Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 has been shown to interact with:

• GATAD2B,
• HDAC1,
• Histone deacetylase 2,
• MBD3
• MIZF, and
• SIN3A.

Further reading

• "Characterization of human colon cancer antigens recognized by autologous antibodies". Int. J. Cancer 76 (5): 652–8. 1998. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19980529)76:5<652::AID-IJC7>3.0.CO;2-P. PMID 9610721. 
• "The dermatomyositis-specific autoantigen Mi2 is a component of a complex containing histone deacetylase and nucleosome remodeling activities". Cell 95 (2): 279–89. 1998. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81758-4. PMID 9790534. 
• "Chromatin deacetylation by an ATP-dependent nucleosome remodelling complex". Nature 395 (6705): 917–21. 1998. doi:10.1038/27699. PMID 9804427. Bibcode: 1998Natur.395..917T. 
• "A mammalian protein with specific demethylase activity for mCpG DNA". Nature 397 (6720): 579–83. 1999. doi:10.1038/17533. PMID 10050851. Bibcode: 1999Natur.397..579B. 
• "Analysis of the NuRD subunits reveals a histone deacetylase core complex and a connection with DNA methylation". Genes Dev. 13 (15): 1924–35. 1999. doi:10.1101/gad.13.15.1924. PMID 10444591. 
• "MBD2 is a transcriptional repressor belonging to the MeCP1 histone deacetylase complex". Nat. Genet. 23 (1): 58–61. 1999. doi:10.1038/12659. PMID 10471499. 
• "MBD2-MBD3 complex binds to hemi-methylated DNA and forms a complex containing DNMT1 at the replication foci in late S phase". Genes Cells 5 (8): 677–88. 2000. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2443.2000.00359.x. PMID 10947852. 
• "The minimal repression domain of MBD2b overlaps with the methyl-CpG-binding domain and binds directly to Sin3A". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (45): 34963–7. 2001. doi:10.1074/jbc.M005929200. PMID 10950960. 
• "Stable histone deacetylase complexes distinguished by the presence of SANT domain proteins CoREST/kiaa0071 and Mta-L1". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (9): 6817–24. 2001. doi:10.1074/jbc.M007372200. PMID 11102443. 
• "The MeCP1 complex represses transcription through preferential binding, remodeling, and deacetylating methylated nucleosomes". Genes Dev. 15 (7): 827–32. 2001. doi:10.1101/gad.876201. PMID 11297506. 
• "Involvement of a novel zinc finger protein, MIZF, in transcriptional repression by interacting with a methyl-CpG-binding protein, MBD2". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (46): 42632–8. 2001. doi:10.1074/jbc.M107048200. PMID 11553631. 
• "Loss of expression of HDAC-recruiting methyl-CpG-binding domain proteins in human cancer". Br. J. Cancer 85 (8): 1168–74. 2001. doi:10.1054/bjoc.2001.2041. PMID 11710831. 
• "Identification and Functional Characterization of the p66/p68 Components of the MeCP1 Complex". Mol. Cell. Biol. 22 (2): 536–46. 2002. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.2.536-546.2002. PMID 11756549. 
• "Methyl-CpG binding domain protein 2 represses transcription from hypermethylated pi-class glutathione S-transferase gene promoters in hepatocellular carcinoma cells". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (25): 22573–80. 2002. doi:10.1074/jbc.M203009200. PMID 11960994. 
• "The mCpG-binding domain of human MBD3 does not bind to mCpG but interacts with NuRD/Mi2 components HDAC1 and MTA2". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (38): 35434–9. 2002. doi:10.1074/jbc.M203455200. PMID 12124384. 
• "Promoter-specific activation and demethylation by MBD2/demethylase". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (39): 35791–4. 2002. doi:10.1074/jbc.C200408200. PMID 12177048. 
• "Two highly related p66 proteins comprise a new family of potent transcriptional repressors interacting with MBD2 and MBD3". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (43): 40958–66. 2002. doi:10.1074/jbc.M207467200. PMID 12183469. 
• "Protein Interactions Targeting the Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus to Cell Chromosomes". J. Virol. 76 (22): 11596–604. 2002. doi:10.1128/JVI.76.22.11596-11604.2002. PMID 12388720.