Biography:Daniel Kleppner
Daniel Kleppner | |
|---|---|
| Born | December 16, 1932 |
| Alma mater | Williams College (B.A.) University of Cambridge Harvard University (Ph.D.) |
| Known for | AMO physics |
| Spouse(s) | Beatrice Spencer Kleppner |
| Awards | Lilienfeld Prize (1991) MIT Killian Award (1995-96) Oersted Medal (1997) Wolf Prize in Physics (2005) National Medal of Science (2006) Frederic Ives Medal (2007) Franklin Institute Award (2014) APS Medal for Exceptional Achievement in Research (2017) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Physics |
| Institutions | MIT |
| Thesis | The Broken Beam Resonance Experiment[1] (1959) |
| Doctoral advisor | Norman Ramsey |
| Website | physics |
Daniel Kleppner, born 1932, is the Lester Wolfe Professor Emeritus of Physics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and co-founder and co-director of the MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms. His areas of science include atomic, molecular, and optical physics, and his research interests include experimental atomic physics, laser spectroscopy, and high precision measurements.[2]
Together with Robert J. Kolenkow, he authored a popular textbook An Introduction to Mechanics for advanced students.[3]
Biography
Parents
Kleppner's father was Otto Kleppner, founder of an advertising agency.[4]
Education and career
Kleppner graduated from Williams College with a B.A. in 1953 in Williamstown, Massachusetts. He also attended Cambridge University in England with a B.A. in 1955, and Harvard University, he attended the Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, with a Ph.D. in 1959.[5]
In the 1950s, Kleppner became a physics doctoral student at Harvard University, where he worked under Norman Ramsey. Here, Kleppner took the concepts behind an ammonia maser and applied them to a hydrogen maser, which became his Ph.D. thesis. Kleppner did important research into Rydberg atoms.[6]
Later he became interested in creating a hydrogen Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC). In 1995, a group of researchers, including Kleppner's former students, made a BEC using rubidium atoms. It was not until 1998 that Kleppner and Tom Greytak finally created a hydrogen BEC.[7]
Honors and awards
Kleppner has been the recipient of many awards including
- 1991 Lilienfeld Prize,
- 1997 Oersted Medal,
- 2005 Wolf Prize in Physics,[8]
- 2006 National Medal of Science
- 2007 Frederic Ives Medal,
- 2014 Benjamin Franklin Medal,[9] and
- 2017 American Physical Society Medal for Exceptional Achievement in Research.[10]
Within MIT he won the institute's prestigious James R. Killian, Jr. Faculty Achievement Award, conferring him the title of Killian Award Lecturer[11] for 1995-1996.[12]
He was elected the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1986,[13] the French Academy of Sciences in 2004,[14] and the American Philosophical Society in 2007.[15]
Books
Kleppner and Robert J. Kolenkow wrote An Introduction to Mechanics in 1973. 40 years later, Kleppner and Kolenkow returned to edit and publish a second edition in 2013.
- Kleppner, Daniel; Robert J. Kolenkow (1973). An Introduction to Mechanics. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-035048-9. https://archive.org/details/introductiontome00dani.
- Kleppner, Daniel (2013). An Introduction to Mechanics (1st ed.). Cambridge. ISBN 9780511784118.[16]
- Kleppner, Daniel (2013). An Introduction to Mechanics (2nd ed.). Cambridge. ISBN 9780521198110.[17]
Kleppner and his thesis adviser (and Nobel laureate) Norman Ramsey wrote the text Quick Calculus, joined for the 3rd edition by MIT professor Peter Dourmashkin:
- Kleppner, Daniel; Ramsey, Norman (1972). Quick calculus: for self-study or classroom use (1st ed.). New York: Wiley. ISBN 9780471491125.
- Kleppner, Daniel; Ramsey, Norman (1985). Quick Calculus: a self-teaching guide (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Wiley. ISBN 0471827223.
- Kleppner, Daniel; Dourmashkin, Peter; Ramsey, Norman (8 April 2022) (in English). Quick Calculus: A Self-Teaching Guide (3rd ed.). Jossey-Bass. ISBN 978-1-119-74319-4.
Selected publications
- Thomas J. Greytak; Daniel Kleppner (2001). "Bose-Einstein Condensation". McGraw-Hill Yearbook of Science and Technology: 64–67.
- D. G. Fried; T. C. Killian; L. Willmann; D. Landhuis; S. C. Moss; D. Kleppner; T. J. Greytak (1998). "Bose-Einstein Condensation of Atomic Hydrogen". Physical Review Letters 81 (18): 3811. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.3811. Bibcode: 1998PhRvL..81.3811F.
- T. C. Killian; D. G. Fried; L. Willmann; D. Landhuis; S. C. Moss; T. J. Greytak; D. Kleppner (1998). "Cold Collision Frequency Shift of the 1S-2S Transition in Hydrogen". Physical Review Letters 81 (18): 3807. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.3807. Bibcode: 1998PhRvL..81.3807K.
- C. L. Cesar; D. G. Fried; T. C. Killian; A. D. Polcyn; J. C. Sandberg; I. A. Yu; T. J. Greytak; D. Kleppner (1996). "Two-Photon Spectroscopy of Trapped Atomic Hydrogen". Physical Review Letters 77 (2): 255–258. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.255. PMID 10062405. Bibcode: 1996PhRvL..77..255C.
- T. C. Killian; D. G. Fried; C. L. Cesar; A. D. Polycn; T. J. Greytak; D. Kleppner (1996). "Doppler-Free Spectroscopy of Trapped Atomic Hydrogen". Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Atomic Physics.
References
- ↑ "Harvard Physics PhD Theses, 1954-1970". https://www.physics.harvard.edu/uploads/files/thesesPDF/PhD1954-1970.pdf.
- ↑ MIT Department of Physics
- ↑ "13 BOOK Recommendations on SPECIAL RELATIVITY!!". For the Love of Physics. May 25, 2022. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4FkqBV8HC70&t=248s. review of An Introduction to Mechanics by Kleppner & Kolenkow, 4:08 to 6:46 in video
- ↑ "Otto Kleppner". The New York Times. 1982-08-05. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1982/08/05/obituaries/otto-kleppner.html.
- ↑ Daniel Kleppner
- ↑ Daniel Kleppner | MIT150 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology 150th anniversary
- ↑ "Daniel Kleppner | The Franklin Institute". https://www.fi.edu/laureates/daniel-kleppner-phd.
- ↑ Kleppner awarded international Wolf Prize for physics | MIT News
- ↑ "Daniel Kleppner". http://www.fi.edu/franklinawards/14/bf_physics.html.
- ↑ "2017 APS Medal for Exceptional Achievement in Research" (in en). www.aps.org. September 21, 2016. https://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/updates/2017apsmedal.cfm.
- ↑ "About | MIT Killian Lectures". https://killianlectures.mit.edu/about.
- ↑ "Kleppner to give Killian Lecture today" (in en). MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 13 March 1996. https://news.mit.edu/1996/kleppner-0313.
- ↑ "Daniel Kleppner" (in en). https://www.amacad.org/person/daniel-kleppner.
- ↑ "Daniel Kleppner | Liste des membres de l'Académie des sciences / K | Listes par ordre alphabétique | Listes des membres | Membres | Nous connaître". https://www.academie-sciences.fr/en/Liste-des-membres-de-l-Academie-des-sciences-/-K/daniel-kleppner.html.
- ↑ "APS Member History". https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Daniel+Kleppner&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced.
- ↑ "An Introduction to Mechanics | General and classical physics" (in en). https://www.cambridge.org/de/academic/subjects/physics/general-and-classical-physics/introduction-mechanics,%20https://www.cambridge.org/de/academic/subjects/physics/general-and-classical-physics.
- ↑ "An Introduction to Mechanics | General and classical physics" (in en). https://www.cambridge.org/de/academic/subjects/physics/general-and-classical-physics/introduction-mechanics-2nd-edition,%20https://www.cambridge.org/de/academic/subjects/physics/general-and-classical-physics.
External links
- Faculty page at MIT
- Interview with Daniel Kleppner (Video)
- "Views from the Garden of Worldly Delights - Daniel Kleppner". James R. Killian, Jr. Lecture Series. December 4, 2015. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pJPKV-6V0I4.
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